Reannotation of the cultivated strawberry genome and establishment of a strawberry genome database

Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)is an important fruit crop species whose fruits are enjoyed by many worldwide.An octoploid of hybrid origin,the complex genome of this species was recently sequenced,serving as a key reference genome for cultivated strawberry and related species of the Rosaceae family.The current annotation of the F.ananassa genome mainly relies on ab initio predictions and,to a lesser extent,transcriptome data.Here,we present the structure and functional reannotation of the F.ananassa genome based on one PacBio full-length RNA library and ninety-two Illumina RNA-Seq libraries.This improved annotation of the F.ananassa genome,v1.0.a2,comprises a total of 108,447 gene models,with 97.85%complete BUSCOs.The models of 19,174 genes were modified,360 new genes were identified,and 11,044 genes were found to have alternatively spliced isoforms.Additionally,we constructed a strawberry genome database(SGD)for strawberry gene homolog searching and annotation downloading.Finally,the transcriptome of the receptacles and achenes of F.ananassa at four developmental stages were reanalyzed and qualified,and the expression profiles of all the genes in this annotation are also provided.Together,this study provides an updated annotation of the F.ananassa genome,which will facilitate genomic analyses across the Rosaceae family and gene functional studies in cultivated strawberry.

The distribution and availability of phosphorus fractions in restored cut slopes soil aggregates:a case study of subalpine road,Southwest China

The distribution and availability of phosphorus(P)fractions in restored cut slope soil aggregates,along altitude gradients,were analyzed.Samples were collected at 3009,3347,3654 and 3980 m of altitude.We examined soil aggregates total phosphorus(TP),available phosphorus(AP)and phosphorus activation coefficient(PAC),and discovered that there was no significant difference in TP levels between all four altitudes samples(p>0.05).However,there was a significant difference in AP at 3009,3347 and 3980 m of altitude(p<0.05).At the altitudes of 3009,3347 and 3654 m,the AP accumulation in small size aggregates was more advantageous.Overall,PAC dropped steadily as soil aggregates sizes increased,as shown:PAC(3654 m)>PAC(3347 m)>PAC(3009 m)>PAC(3980 m).In all particle size soil aggregates,the distribution of the P fractions was as follows:total inorganic phosphorus(TPi)>total organic phosphorus(TPo)>residual phosphorus(R-P),at 3009,3347 and 3654 m,but a different registry was observed at 3980 m of altitude:TPo>TPi>R-P.Through correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis,it was concluded that active NaHCO_(3)-Pi was the main AP source.It was also suggested that more attention should be given to the ratio of small particle size aggregates to increase soil AP storage.In order to improve the activation capacity and supply of soil P,along with promotion of the healthy development of soil ecosystem on slope land,it was suggest that inorganic P fertilizer and P activator could be added to soil at both low(3009 m)and high altitudes(3980 m).