Selenomethionine in gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels:Modulating ferroptosis to attenuate skin aging

During skin aging,the degeneration of epidermal stem cells(EpiSCs)leads to diminished wound healing capabilities and epidermal disintegration.This study tackles this issue through a comprehensive analysis combining transcriptomics and untargeted metabolomics,revealing age-dependent alterations in the Gpx gene family and arachidonic acid(AA)metabolic networks,resulting in enhanced ferroptosis.Selenomethionine(Se-Met)could enhance GPX4 expression,thereby assisting EpiSCs in countering AA-induced mitochondrial damage and ferroptosis.Additionally,Se-Met demonstrates antioxidative characteristics and extensive ultraviolet absorption.For the sustained and controllable release of Se-Met,it was covalently grafted to UV-responsive GelMA hydrogels via AC-PEG-NHS tethers.The Se-Met@GelMA hydrogel effectively accelerated wound healing in a chronological aging mice model,by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis with augmented GPX4 expression.Moreover,in a photoaging model,this hydrogel significantly mitigated inflammatory responses,extracellular matrix remodeling,and ferroptosis in UV-exposed mice.These characteristics render Se-Met@GelMA hydrogel valuable in practical clinical applications.

An interactive approach for generating spatial architecture layout based on graph theory

This study proposes a graph theory based method for generating three-dimensional architectural layouts on the target of creating space that provides rich perceptual experience.The proposed approach incorporates the decisions of architects in the generation process to improve efficiency and avoid invalid results.Space is interpreted as a combination of volumes adjacent to,intersecting with or containing each other and is represented by a graph with nodes and edges.The study first generates an orthogonal orientation digraph(OODG),which denotes the relative positions of spaces and provides options for users to decide whether to continue generating the layout.Based on a given OODG,a combination of connected volumes is generated.The generation results show that the proposed method can generate space providing a rich experience when relations between volumes are properly set.