Natural gas, whose primary constituent is methane, has been considered a convincing alternative for the growth of the energy supply worldwide. Adsorbed natural gas （ANG）, the most promising methane storage method, h...Natural gas, whose primary constituent is methane, has been considered a convincing alternative for the growth of the energy supply worldwide. Adsorbed natural gas （ANG）, the most promising methane storage method, has been an active field of study in the past two decades. ANG constitutes a safe and low-cost way to store methane for natural gas vehicles at an acceptable energy density while working at substantially low pressures （3.5- 4.0 MPa）, allowing for conformable store tank. This work serves to review the state-of-the-art development reported in the scientific literature on adsorbents, adsorption theories, ANG conformable tanks, and related technolo- gies on ANG vehicles. Patent literature has also been searched and discussed. The review aims at illustrating both achievements and problems of the ANG technologies-based vehicles, as well as forecasting the development trends and critical issues to be resolved of these technologies.展开更多
The reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation from photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy(PDT)is limited by tumor hypoxia.Even type-I photosensitizers,e.g.,sulfur-substituted Nile blue,still rely on oxygen as the main c...The reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation from photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy(PDT)is limited by tumor hypoxia.Even type-I photosensitizers,e.g.,sulfur-substituted Nile blue,still rely on oxygen as the main center for transferring electrons to generate ROS.Cutting off the pathway of oxygen consumption in tumor can help photosensitizers overcome the limitation of low oxygen,in order to efficiently generate more ROS.It is known that glycolysis inhibitor 3-bromopyruvic acid(3-BP),which could specially target mitochondria,can provide more oxygen by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation.Herein,we successfully designed and synthesized a new 3-BP-coupled sulfur-substituted Nile blue as prodrug(NBBP)for chemical/photodynamic synergistic therapy.Major results indicated that the protons in tumor catalyzed the hydrolysis of NBBP,inhibited photoinduced electron transfer between 3-BP and the photosensitizer in NBBP and further assisted the photosensitizer to be localized in mitochondria,utilizing local oxygen as much as possible and kill tumor cells more efficiently.Moreover,the glycolysis inhibition-induced autophagy was combined with PDT-induced autophagy,which could promote the deaths of tumor cells.Unlike other remedies exploiting nanomaterials,this construction method of NBBP achieves the efficient synergy of photodynamic therapy and glycolysis inhibition,stronger than their theoretical addition,in spatiotemporal dimensions.Our study provides not only a highly efficient platform for tumor therapy but also a design approach for prodrugs with synergistic effects.展开更多
文摘Natural gas, whose primary constituent is methane, has been considered a convincing alternative for the growth of the energy supply worldwide. Adsorbed natural gas （ANG）, the most promising methane storage method, has been an active field of study in the past two decades. ANG constitutes a safe and low-cost way to store methane for natural gas vehicles at an acceptable energy density while working at substantially low pressures （3.5- 4.0 MPa）, allowing for conformable store tank. This work serves to review the state-of-the-art development reported in the scientific literature on adsorbents, adsorption theories, ANG conformable tanks, and related technolo- gies on ANG vehicles. Patent literature has also been searched and discussed. The review aims at illustrating both achievements and problems of the ANG technologies-based vehicles, as well as forecasting the development trends and critical issues to be resolved of these technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22108024)the Dalian High-level Talent Innovation Support Program of China(2022RQ016)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT22LAB601)。
文摘The reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation from photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy(PDT)is limited by tumor hypoxia.Even type-I photosensitizers,e.g.,sulfur-substituted Nile blue,still rely on oxygen as the main center for transferring electrons to generate ROS.Cutting off the pathway of oxygen consumption in tumor can help photosensitizers overcome the limitation of low oxygen,in order to efficiently generate more ROS.It is known that glycolysis inhibitor 3-bromopyruvic acid(3-BP),which could specially target mitochondria,can provide more oxygen by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation.Herein,we successfully designed and synthesized a new 3-BP-coupled sulfur-substituted Nile blue as prodrug(NBBP)for chemical/photodynamic synergistic therapy.Major results indicated that the protons in tumor catalyzed the hydrolysis of NBBP,inhibited photoinduced electron transfer between 3-BP and the photosensitizer in NBBP and further assisted the photosensitizer to be localized in mitochondria,utilizing local oxygen as much as possible and kill tumor cells more efficiently.Moreover,the glycolysis inhibition-induced autophagy was combined with PDT-induced autophagy,which could promote the deaths of tumor cells.Unlike other remedies exploiting nanomaterials,this construction method of NBBP achieves the efficient synergy of photodynamic therapy and glycolysis inhibition,stronger than their theoretical addition,in spatiotemporal dimensions.Our study provides not only a highly efficient platform for tumor therapy but also a design approach for prodrugs with synergistic effects.
