Antihypertensive effects of whey protein hydrolysate involve reshaping the gut microbiome in spontaneously hypertension rats

Novel angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)inhibitory peptides were identified from whey protein hydrolysates(WPH)in vitro in our previous study and the antihypertensive abilities of WPH in vivo were further investigated in the current study.Results indicated that WPH significantly inhibited the development of high blood pressure and tissue injuries caused by hypertension.WPH inhibited ACE activity(20.81%,P<0.01),and reduced renin concentration(P<0.05),thereby reducing systolic blood pressure(SBP)(12.63%,P<0.05)in spontaneously hypertensive rats.The increased Akkermansia,Bacteroides,and Lactobacillus abundance promoted high short chain fatty acid content in feces after WPH intervention.These changes jointly contributed to low blood pressure.The heart weight and cardiomyocyte injuries(hypertrophy and degeneration)were alleviated by WPH.The proteomic results revealed that 19 protein expressions in the heart mainly associated with the wingless/integrated(Wnt)signaling pathway and Apelin signaling pathway were altered after WPH supplementation.Notably,WPH alleviated serum oxidative stress,indicated by the decreased malondialdehyde content(P<0.01),enhanced total antioxidant capacity(P<0.01)and superoxide dismutase activity(P<0.01).The current study suggests that WPH exhibit promising antihypertensive abilities in vivo and could be a potential alternative for antihypertensive dietary supplements.

Research on Integrated Communication Perception Technology Based on RIS Assistance

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)assisted communication perception integration technology is an emerging communication technology that introduces reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in the communication environment to achieve real-time perception and control of signals,thereby improving the performance and efficiency of communication systems.This article studies the integrated communication perception technology assisted by RIS,including system principles,key technologies,and performance analysis.Through literature review and analysis of relevant research,the potential application prospects of this technology in future communication systems have been revealed.

电化学分析方法用于面膜中氯霉素现场快速检测

开发一种基于金纳米颗粒的便携式电化学传感器用于面膜中氯霉素现场快速分析。以电沉积的方式,采用沉积电位-0.6 V、沉积时间20 s,在便携式、可抛弃的丝网印刷电极表面沉积金纳米颗粒。结果显示,构建的负载金纳米颗粒的电化学传感器对氯霉素的电催化性能明显高于裸电极。实验考察了电解质溶液的pH,在较优条件下对不同浓度的氯霉素进行测定。结果显示,氯霉素浓度在0.02~0.5 mmol/L范围时,峰电流响应与氯霉素的浓度呈线性关系,方法的检出限为0.005 mmol/L。为了进一步评价方法的可行性,以市售面膜为实际样品进行添加回收实验。结果显示,三个添加水平下,氯霉素的添加回收率为106.01%~110.59%,相对标准偏差不大于3.66%(n=3)。结合手持式电化学工作站的无线蓝牙数据传输功能,可将现场检测结果实时传输至用户手机客户端,为面膜中氯霉素的现场快速筛查提供新的研究思路。

Combined application of three evoked potentials to improve the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

BACKGROUND ： It is very important to find out the focal sites for the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, especially the discovery of tiny or potential focal site, so that multiple sclerosis can be diagnosed at the early period （the first attack） or when the focus has not displayed completely, and the evoked potential can discover the abnormality of the pathway between spinal cord to cerebral cortex. OBJECTIVE： To observe the values of motor evoked potential （MEP）, somatosensory evoked potential （SEP） and evoked-related potential （P300） in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. DESIGN： A case-controlledstudy SETTING： Neuroelectrophysiological Center of Guizhou Provincial People＇s Hospita PARTICIPANTS ： Twenty-five outpatients or inpatients with multiple sclerosis were selected from the Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People＇s Hospital from October 2001 to March 2005. The patients were diagnosed according to the diagnostic standards of multiple sclerosis suggested by Poser et al in 1983 and MRI examination. There were 17 males and 8 females, aged 18-65 years old with an average of 39 years, and their disease courses ranged from 6 months to 5 years. Meanwhile, 30 healthy physical examinees were selected in our hospital as the control group, and they all had no abnormality by detailed inquisition, physical examination and examination of nervous system, including 15 males and 5 females, aged 20-66 years old. All the enrolled subjects were informed and agreed with the detections. METHODS ： （1） The MEP, SEP and P300 were detected with synergy evoked potential equipment （Oxford Instruments, UK） in all the 25 patients with multiple sclerosis and 20 healthy subjects. （2） Standards for judging the abnormalities of evoked potentials： The abnormalities referred to deletion of wave form or the latency was prolonged by more than the reference value of normal subject±3SD. （3） The differences of measurement data were compared with the ttest.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： The results of MEP, SEP and P300 in the 25 patients with multiple sclerosis and 20 healthy subjects were observed. RESULTS ： All the 25 patients with multiple sclerosis and 20 healthy physical examinees were involved in the analysis of results. （1） MEP results： The MEP was abnormal in 18 （72%） of the 25 patients with multiple sclerosis, manifested by the prolonged latency of cortical potential, decreased wave amplitude and prolonged CMCT, and there were significant differences as compared with those in the control group （t =2.77, 2.62, 2.67, P 〈 0.01）. （2） SEP results： The SEP was abnormal in 14 （56%） of the 25 patients with multiple sclerosis, manifested by the prolonged latencies of N13 and N20, prolonged wave intervals of N9-N13 and N13- N20, and there were significant differences as compared with those in the control group （t =2.46, 2.73, 2.56, 2.59, P 〈 0.01）. （3） P300 results： P300 was abnormal in 13 （52%） of the 25 patients with multiple sclerosis, manifested by the prolonged latencies and decreased wave amplitudes, and there were significant differences as compared with those in the control group （t =2.44-2.72, P〈 0.01）. （4） Results of the combined application of MEP, SEP and P300： Abnormalities were observed in 23 （92%） of the 25 patients with multiple sclerosis. CONCLUSION ： MEP, SEP and P300 detections suggested the disorders in the pathway of motor conduction, pathway of sensory conduction and cognitive function respectively. The combined application of them can improve the positive rate in diagnosing multiple sclerosis.

Ce-Ti catalysts modified with copper and vanadium to effectively remove slip NH_(3) and NO_x from coal-fired plants

In this work,V/Ce-Ti catalysts were modified with different kinds of transition metals(Cu,Fe,Co,Mn) by sol-gel and impregnation methods.The NH_(3) oxidation performance of them was tested to select the most active catalyst in NH_(3)-selective catalytic oxidation(NH_(3)-SCO).The effect of NO,SO_(2) and H_(2)O was also investigated.The experimental results indicate that 1% Cu-V/Ce-Ti catalyst exhibits the most significant ability to remove slip ammonia discharged from coal-fired plants and its NH_(3) conversion efficiency reaches90% at 300℃.In additio n,97% NO_x can be removed when NO is introduced in the gas.Cu-V/Ce-Ti catalyst also obtains good resistance to H_(2)O and SO_(2).Based on the characterization experiment,the introduced Cu and V are highly dispersed on Ce-Ti catalyst and they can increase the redox properties and the number of acidic sites.Besides,the redox cycles among Cu,V and Ce species on Cu-V/Ce-Ti catalyst surface are conducive to generating more active oxygen and promoting the oxidation capacity of the catalyst.

PS-Fuzz:Efficient Graybox Firmware Fuzzing Based on Protocol State

The rise of the Internet of Things(IoT)exposes more and more important embedded devices to the network,which poses a serious threat to people’s lives and property.Therefore,ensuring the safety of embedded devices is a very important task.Fuzzing is currently the most effective technique for discovering vulnerabilities.In this work,we proposed PS-Fuzz(Protocol State Fuzz),a gray-box fuzzing technique based on protocol state orientation.By instrumenting the program that handles protocol fields in the firmware,the problem of lack of guidance information in common protocol fuzzing is solved.By recording and comparing state transition paths,the program can be quickly booted,thereby greatly improving the efficiency of fuzzing.More importantly,the tool utilizes the synchronous execution of the firmware simulator and the firmware program,which can collect and record system information in the event of a crash from multiple dimensions,providing assistance for further research.Our evaluation results show that for the same vulnerability,the efficiency of PS-Fuzz is about 8 times that of boofuzz under ideal conditions.Even rough instrumentation efficiency can reach 2 times that of boofuzz.In addition,PS-Fuzz can provide at least 6 items more information than boofuzz under the same circumstances.

High-performance triboelectric nanogenerator based on theoretical analysis and ferroelectric nanocomposites and its high-voltage applications

With the growing economy and technology,disease prevention and individual health are becoming more and more important.It is highly urgent to develop a non-toxic,self-powered,and safe high-voltage power source to prevent diseases spread by mosquitoes,especially in isolated or remote areas.Herein,we reported a high-performance rotary triboelectric nanogenerator(R-TENG)based on customized theoretical simulations and a ferroelectric nanocomposite intermediate layer.The customized theoretical simulations based on gradient electrode gaps were established to optimize gap angles and segment numbers of the electrodes,which could prevent air breakdown and enhance the R-TENG output energy by at least 1.5 times.Meanwhile,the electrical output performance of the TENG was further enhanced with a highly oriented BaTiO3(BTO)nanoparticles intermediate layer by about 2.5 times.The open-circuit voltage of R-TENG reached more than 6 kV and could continuously light 3420 light-emitting devices(LEDs)or 4 serially connected 36 W household fluorescent lamps.Therefore,a self-powered high-voltage disease prevention system is developed based on the high-performance R-TENG to reduce the risk of disease transmission.This work provides a prospective strategy for the further development of TENGs and expands practical applications of self-powered and high-voltage systems.

Triterpenoid content and expression of triterpenoid biosynthetic genes in birch(Betula platyphylla Suk)treated with 5-azacytidine

DNA methylation is widespread in plants and associated with plant development and defense mechanisms.However,the relationship between DNA methylation and plant secondary metabolism has rarely been reported.Here,when birch suspension cells were treated with 5-azacytidine(5-azaC),which blocks DNA methylation,triterpenoid accumulation was significantly promoted and antioxidant and defense enzymatic activity changed.For studying triterpenoid accumulation,0.1 mM azaC was optimal.A qRT-PCR assay revealed increased expression of genes encoding key triterpenoid biosynthetic enzymes.Evaluation of methylation polymorphisms at CCGG sites showed that the methylation level was lower in cells treated with 5-azaC.These results demonstrated that 5-azaC treatment led to an increase in the production of triterpenoids in cell cultures through a mechanism that involved in DNA methylation,which resulted in the induction of genes encoding the key enzymes.The study provides evidence of a relationship between DNA methylation and regulation of secondary metabolism.

Study on Objectives and Strategies for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Transportation Industry during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period in Beijing

Facing increasing passenger and cargo transport demand and limited re-source in the 13th Five-Year period, how to make a breakthrough and substantial progress has become a key issue on planning and the Top-level Design. In this paper we judged and analyzed the current development and potential demand of the energy saving and emission reduction in Beijing traffic industry. Through application of energy and emission prediction model which based on the vehicle activity data, the development goals of “one drop, double control, and triple upgrade” have been put forward. In order to achieve the goal, “5 + 1” development strategies should be implemented, and we also proposed the thinking and recommendations on sustainable development of transportation.

PLC Protection System Based on Verification Separation

Supervisory control and data acquisition systems(SCADAs)play an important role in supervising and controlling industrial production with the help of programmable logic controllers(PLCs)in industrial control systems(ICSs).A PLC receives the control information or program from a SCADA to control the production equipment and feeds the production data back to the SCADA.Once a SCADA is controlled by an attacker,it may threaten the safety of industrial production.The lack of security protection,such as identity authentication and encryption for industrial control protocols,increases the potential security risks.In this paper,we propose a PLC protection system combined with a monitor between a SCADA and a PLC and a physically separated monitoring station.By using the PLC protection system,identity verification and command verification are separated,and both the identity of the operator and the corresponding commands are recorded.Experiments show that even if the SCADA is controlled by an attacker,our system could still protect the PLC in the field and record the identity of the key command operator,which facilitates the tracing and forensics of malicious activities.

“三跨”区段500kV输电线路舞动治理技术

本文结合“三跨”区段的特点,考虑“三跨”重要输送通道输电线路区段停电施工时间短、施工风险大等因素,主要从抑制舞动和提高抗舞能力两个方面对“三跨”区段的500kV输电线路舞动提出了相应治理措施。

Eutectogel-based self-powered wearable sensor for health monitoring in harsh environments

Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG)have emerged as a highly promising energy harvesting technology,attracting significant attention in recent years for their broad applications.Gel-based TENGs,with superior stretchability and sensitivity,have been widely reported as wearable sensors.However,the traditional hydrogel-based TENGs suffer from freezing at low temperatures and drying at high temperatures,resulting in malfunctions.In this study,we introduce an anti-freezing eutectogel,which uses a deep eutectic solvent(DES),to improve the stability and electrical conductivity of TENGs in harsh environmental conditions.The eutectogel-based TENG(E-TENG)produces an open-circuit voltage of 776 V,a short-circuit current of 1.54μA,and a maximum peak power of 1.1 mW.Moreover,the E-TENG exhibits exceptional mechanical properties with an elongation at a break of 476%under tension.Importantly,it maintains impressive performances across a wide temperature range from−18 to 60℃,with conductivities of 2.15 S/m at−10℃and 1.75 S/m at−18℃.Based on the excellent weight stability of the E-TENG sensor,motion sensing can be achieved in the air,and even underwater.Finally,the versatility of the E-TENG can serve as a wearable sensor,by integrating it with Bluetooth technology.The self-powered E-TENG can monitor various human motion signals in real-time and send the health signals directly to mobile phones.This research paves a new road for the applications of TENGs in harsh environments,offering wireless flexible sensors with real-time health signal monitoring capabilities.

A warm temperature-released negative feedback loop fine-tunes PIF4-mediated thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis

Plants can sense temperature changes and adjust their growth accordingly.In Arabidopsis,high ambient temperatures stimulate stem elongation by activating a key thermoresponsive regulator,PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4(PIF4).Here,we show that warmth promotes the nighttime transcription of GI,which is necessary for the high temperature-induced transcription of TOC1.Genetic analyses suggest that GI prevents excessive thermoresponsive growth by inhibiting PIF4,with this regulatory mechanism be-ing partially reliant on TOC1.GI transcription is repressed by ELF3 and HY5,which concurrently inhibit PIF4 expression and activity.Temperature elevation causes the deactivation or degradation of ELF3 and HY5,leading to PIF4 activation and relief of GI transcriptional repression at high temperatures.This allows PIF4 to further activate GI transcription in response to elevated temperatures.GI,in turn,inhibits PIF4,es-tablishing a negative feedback loop thatfine-tunes PIF4 activity.In addition,we demonstrate that ELF3,HY5,and PIF4 regulate GI transcription by modulating the enrichment of histone variant H2A.Z at the GI lo-cus.Together,ourfindings suggest that thermal release of a negative feedback loopfinely adjusts plant thermomorphogenesis.

贲门失弛缓合并系统性红斑狼疮1例

临床资料:患者女,42岁,因"反酸、烧心7年余,进行性吞咽困难4年余"于2022年3月30日就诊北京大学人民医院消化内科。2015年患者无明显诱因出现反酸烧心及胸骨后疼痛,多于夜间出现,平卧位加重,外院予以抑酸治疗后症状有所缓解。2018年患者出现吞咽困难。2022年患者于外院行胃镜提示食管大量液体潴留-动力异常?上消化道造影提示食管下端及贲门口狭窄,呈"鸟嘴样"改变,考虑为贲门失弛缓症,遂就诊于我院。既往2014年患者因发热、皮疹、肌肉酸痛等不适于外院诊断为系统性红斑狼疮(systematic lupus erythematosis,SLE),予以强的松5 mg qd+羟氯喹200 mg qd+赛可平500 mg qd治疗。入院后术前评估Eckardt评分为10分(体重减轻3分、吞咽困难3分、胸骨后疼痛1分、反流2分)。狼疮活动指标SLEDAI评分为0分。入院后完善常规化验检查及自身免疫相关指标提示:血尿便常规、肝肾功、电解质、凝血无异常;ANA1:320斑点型、抗U1RNP+++、抗SSA++、抗Ro-52+++;抗dsDNA、抗Sm、狼疮抗凝物、抗心磷脂抗体、抗β2-糖蛋白1均为阴性。补体C3:0.79 g/L↓,ESR3 mm/h。高分辨率食道测压提示IRP4中值为16.7 mmHg,全食管增压比率为100%,考虑为贲门失弛缓Ⅱ型(芝加哥分类标准v3.0)[1]。术前上消化道造影提示:食管管腔扩张,钡剂存留,食道壁柔软完整,贲门舒张较差,钡剂通过受阻,食道下段呈鸟嘴样狭窄,其上食道扩张,造影剂通过贲门缓慢,考虑为贲门失弛缓,胃镜提示:贲门失弛缓LingⅡa[2](图1)。胸腹部CT增强扫描提示:食管腔扩张积液符合贲门失弛缓,排除了相关占位引发的继发贲门失弛缓。

In silico design of novel proton-pump inhibitors with reduced adverse effects

The development of new proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) with less adverse effects by lowering the pKa values of nitrogen atoms in pyrimidine rings has been previously suggested by our group. In this work, we proposed that new PPIs should have the following features:(1) number of ring II = number of ring I+ 1;(2) preferably five, six, or seven-membered heteroatomic ring for stability;and (3) 1<pKa1<4. Six molecular scaffolds based on the aforementioned criteria were constructed, and R groups were extracted from compounds in extensive data sources. A virtual molecule dataset was established, and the pKa values of specific atoms on the molecules in the dataset were calculated to select the molecules with required pKa values. Drug-likeness screening was further conducted to obtain the candidates that significantly reduced the adverse effects of long-term PPI use. This study provided insights and tools for designing targeted molecules in silico that are suitable for practical applications.

Controlled on-chip fabrication of large-scale perovskite single crystal arrays for high-performance laser and photodetector integration

Metal halide perovskites possess intriguing optoelectronic properties,however,the lack of precise control of on-chip fabrication of the large-scale perovskite single crystal arrays restricts its application in integrated devices.Here,we report a space confinement and antisolvent-assisted crystallization method for the homogeneous perovskite single crystal arrays spanning 100 square centimeter areas.This method enables precise control over the crystal arrays,including different array shapes and resolutions with less than 10%-pixel position variation,tunable pixel dimensions from 2 to 8 pm as well as the in-plane rotation of each pixel.The crystal pixel could serve as a high-quality whispering gallery mode(WGM)microcavity with a quality factor of 2915 and a threshold of 4.14μJ cm^(-2).Through directly on-chip fabrication on the patterned electrodes,a vertical structured photodetector array is demonstrated with stable photoswitching behavior and the capability to image the input patterns,indicating the potential application in the integrated systems of this method.

Structural,Functional,and Molecular Imaging of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder associated with both genetic and environmental risks.Neuroimaging approaches have been widely employed to parse the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying ASD,and provide critical insights into the anatomical,functional,and neurochemical changes.We reviewed recent advances in neuroimaging studies that focused on ASD by using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),positron emission tomography(PET),or single-positron emission tomography(SPECT).Longitudinal structural MRI has delineated an abnormal developmental trajectory of ASD that is associated with cascading neurobiological processes,and functional MRI has pointed to disrupted functional neural networks.Meanwhile,PET and SPECT imaging have revealed that metabolic and neurotransmitter abnormalities may contribute to shaping the aberrant neural circuits of ASD.Future large-scale,multi-center,multimodal investigations are essential to elucidate the neurophysiological underpinnings of ASD,and facilitate the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and better-targeted therapy.