Carbon enhanced nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3):A general approach for dendrite-free zinc metal anodes

Zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity are both very important parameters to design novel Zn anode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).However,single material is difficult to exhibit zincophilic property and high electrical conductivity at the same time.Herein,originating from theoretical calculation,a zincophilic particle regulation strategy is proposed to address these limitations and carbon coated Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is taken as an example to be a protective layer on zinc metal(NVPC@Zn).Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVP)is a common cathode material for Zn-ion batteries,which is zincophilic.Carbon materials not only offer an electron pathway to help Zn deposition onto NVPC surface,but also enhance the zinc nucleophilicity of Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3).Hence,this hybrid coating layer can tune zinc deposition and resist side reactions such as hydrogen generation and Zn metal corrosion.Experimentally,a symmetrical battery with NVPC@Zn electrode displays highly reversible plating/stripping behavior with a long cycle lifespan over 1800 h at2 mA cm^(-2),much better than carbon and Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)solely modified Zn electrodes.When the Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)is replaced with zincophobic Al2O3or zincophilic V2O3,the stability of the modified zinc anodes is also prolonged.This strategy expands the option of zincophilic materials and provides a general and effective way to stabilize the Zn electrode.

Effect of warm bladder irrigation fluid for benign prostatic hyperplasia patients on perioperative hypothermia, blood loss and shiver: A meta-analysis

Objective:To find out whether warm bladder irrigation fluid can decrease the occurrence of perioperative hypothermia,blood loss and shiver in patients treated with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Method:A comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis that included randomized controlled trials(RCTs)related to temperature of irrigation fluid in the perioperative treatment for BPH was taken by researchers.The relevant literature were searched in Chinese database,such as Retrieval Chinese Journal Full-text Database,VIP Journal Database,Wanfang database,as well as in English search engine and database,including Embase,Cochrane and Medline till January 2018.The study quality was assessed by recommended standards from Cochrane Handbook(version 5.1.0).Results:A total of 28 RCTs and 3858 patients were included.The results showed that the incidences of shiver(risk ratio[RR]Z 0.32,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.28e0.36,p<0.001,I^2 Z 0%)and hypothermia(RR Z 0.36,95%CI:0.21e0.59,p<0.001,I^2 Z 67%)in the group of warm irrigation fluid were lower than the group having room-temperature fluid.Room-temperature irrigation fluid group caused a greater drop in body temperature compared to warm irrigation fluid group(p<0.001,I^2 Z 96%).We performed a narrative descriptive statistics only because of substantial heterogeneity.Conclusions:Warm bladder irrigation fluid can decrease the drop of body temperature and the incidence of hypothermia and shiver during and after the operation for BPH.Warm irrigation fluid should be considered as a standard practice in BPH surgeries.

Factors influencing the degree of participation in surgical decision-making among Chinese patients with prostate cancer:A qualitative research

Objective:There was increasingly demand of participation in surgical decision-making among Chinese patients with prostate cancer.However,due to the complex healthcare system and advanced care settings,it is quite challenging for the patients to gain sufficient support from the institute and the government.This research aimed to investigate the factors that impact the degree of participation in surgical decision-making among Chinese prostate cancer patients.Methods:A phenomenological approach of qualitative research based on the results of semi-structured interviews was adopted,to explore the influencing factors which hinder the participation in surgical decision-making.Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research were utilized.Up to 160 post-operative patients who had undergone radical prostatectomy along with 68 medical and nursing staffs,were purposively recruited in this research.This retrospective study was carried out from September 2018 to August 2019.After recording and transcribing the interviews,the interview materials were evaluated via the Colaizzi's seven step approach and the NVivo Version 10 software to analyze the interview content.Results:According to the analysis and summary of the interviews,there were three factors affecting the degree of participation in surgical decision-making.Firstly,insufficient information was provided by medical and nursing staffs because of their lack of time,proper communication skills,and career experience,as well as difficulties in the development of patient decision aid and inconsistent resource availability.Secondly,the cognitive level of decision-making among patients was relatively low due to poor psychological endurance,insufficient amount of education,senility,and less knowledge and information demand.Ultimately,decisions were constantly made by family members with/without patients.Conclusions:The degree of participation of Chinese prostate cancer patients in the surgical decision-making had much space for improvement.

Measurement of solar pp neutrino flux using electron recoil data from PandaX-4T commissioning run

The proton-proton(pp)fusion chain dominates the neutrino production in the Sun.The uncertainty of the predicted pp neutrino flux is at the sub-percent level,whereas that of the best measurement is O(10%).In this study,for the first time,we measure solar pp neutrinos in the electron recoil energy range from 24 to 144 keV using the PandaX-4T commissioning data with 0.63 tonne×year exposure.The pp neutrino flux is determined as(8.0±3.9(stat)±10.0(syst))×1010 s^(-1)cm^(-2),which is consistent with the Standard Solar Model and existing measurements,corresponding to an upper flux limit of 23.3×10^(10)s^(-1)cm^(-2)at 90%C.L..

Erratum:A Search for Solar Axions and Anomalous Neutrino Magnetic Moment with the Complete PandaX-Ⅱ Data[CHIN.PHYS.LETT.38(2021)011301]

In our published letter,[1]we have identified a minor error in Figs.2 and 3.Instead,we have 2111 events in these two plots with 646,249,382,and 834 events in Run 9(20.0 ton·day),Run 10(19.4 ton·day),Run 11–1(24.2 ton·day),and Run 11–2(37.1 ton·day).The mistake is due to an incorrect application of a small energy non-linearity(known as the BLS non-linearity)in making plots,but has no impact to the final results.Figures 2 and 3 are now updated in this note.

The application of virtual reality training for anastomosis during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

Objective:To investigate the application of virtual reality training in vesicourethral anastomosis during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods:Three certified robotic urologists who underwent virtual reality training were enrolled in the study group.The other three without training were enrolled in the control group.Parameters were recorded before and after the training.Then a total of 18 patients undergoing RARP were enrolled and randomized assigned to receive anastomosis procedures with certified urologists who either obtained or did not obtain training.The quality of the anastomosis was evaluated.Results:For the virtual training evaluation,the overall score was significantly improved from 65.0±10.8 to 92.7±3.5(p=0.014);the time of anastomosis was shortened;the economy of motion improved;instrument collisions decreased after training(p<0.05).Besides,the effectiveness of the virtual training was evaluated in the 18 real anastomosis procedures which were completed either by three urologists with training or three urologists without training.Most intriguingly,the average time of anastomosis was shortened from 40.0±12.4 min to 25.1±7.1 min(p=0.015).The parameters including time of operation,creatinine level of drainage,postoperative hospital stay and duration of catheter drainage were comparable before and after training.Two leakages,which were observed in procedures by doctors without training,needed salvage sutures by a senior doctor.Conclusions:Virtual reality training enabled surgeons to become quickly familiar with robotic system manipulation,improved their skills for vesicourethral anastomosis and shortened the learning curve,thus helping them operate with high efficacy and quality.

Sulfur vacancies-doped Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorods as high-efficient electrocatalysts for dinitrogen fixation under ambient conditions

Tuning surface electron transfer process by sulfur(S)-vacancies engineering is an efficient strategy to develop high-efficient catalysts for electroreduction N_(2) reaction(NRR). Herein, the distinct Sb_(2)S_(3) nanorods with S-vacancies(Sv-Sb_(2)S_(3)) have been synthesized by a simple twostep method including hydrothermal and hydrogenation in H_(2)/Ar atmosphere, which shows improved performance for NRR with the NH_(3) yield rate of 10.85 μg h^(-1) mgcat^(-1) at-0.4 V vs. RHE, the faradaic efficiency(FE) of 3.75% at -0.3 V vs. RHE and excellent stability for 24 h, largely outperforming bulk Sb_(2)S_(3). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and density function theory(DFT) calculations demonstrate that the abundant S-vacancies can create an electron-deficient environment and modulate the electron delocalization in Sv-Sb_(2)S_(3), which can not only facilitate the N_(2) molecule adsorption, but also activate the N≡N, resulting in the enhanced performance for NRR.

A Search for Solar Axions and Anomalous Neutrino Magnetic Moment with the Complete Panda X-Ⅱ Data

We report a search for new physics signals using the low energy electron recoil events in the complete data set from PandaX-Ⅱ,in light of the recent event excess reported by XENON1 T.The data correspond to a total exposure of 100.7 ton·day with liquid xenon.With robust estimates of the dominant background spectra,we perform sensitive searches on solar axions and neutrinos with enhanced magnetic moment.It is found that the axionelectron coupling gAe<4.6×10^(-12) for an axion mass less than 0.1 keV/c^(2) and the neutrino magnetic moment μv<4.9×10^(-11)μB at 90%confidence level.The observed excess from XENON1 T is within our experimental constraints.

The Duties of SMEs Office： From the Viewpoint of WTO＇s Rules

Medium and small-sized enterprises are the important part of China＇s national economy,but they are confronted with some difficulties and problems. So, from the spirit of WTO, SMEs Office has a significant duty to provide capital exchange, talent training, information consultancy and technological guidance, and so on.

Effects of Transplanting Methods on the Quality and Yield of Angelica sinensis in Huzhu County

In order to study the effects of transplanting methods on the quality and yield of Angelica sinensis,the average fresh taproot diameter,length,weight and actual yield of the experimental plot were measured through the planting experiment of A.sinensis under the same geographical environment and different cultivation methods during 2019-2020.The results show that the quality and yield of A.sinensis in inter-film cultivation were better than that of film-in-film cultivation,and it is more conducive to improving the economic income of the majority of growers from medicinal material cultivation.

Detecting neutrinos from supernova bursts in PandaX-4T

Neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae are essential for understanding neutrino physics and stellar evolution.Dual-phase xenon dark matter detectors can be used to track explosions of galactic supernovae by detecting neutrinos through coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scatterings.In this study,a variation of progenitor masses and explosion models are assumed to predict neutrino fluxes and spectra,which result in the number of expected neutrino events ranging from 6.6 to 13.7 at a distance of 10 kpc over a 10-s duration with negligible backgrounds at PandaX-4T.Two specialized triggering alarms for monitoring supernova burst neutrinos are built.The efficiency of detecting supernova explosions at various distances in the Milky Way is estimated.These alarms will be implemented in the real-time supernova monitoring system at PandaX-4T in the near future,which will provide supernova early warnings for the astronomical community.

Waveform simulation in PandaX-4T

Signal reconstruction through software processing is a crucial component of the background and signal models in the PandaX-4T experiment,which is a multi-tonne dark matter direct search experiment.The accuracy of signal reconstruction is influenced by various detector artifacts,including noise,dark count of photomultiplier,photoionization of impurities in the detector,and other relevant considerations.In this study,we presented a detailed description of a semi-data-driven approach designed to simulate a signal waveform.This work provides a reliable model for the efficiency and bias of the signal reconstruction in the data analysis of PandaX-4T.By comparing critical variables that relate to the temporal shape and hit pattern of the signals,we found good agreement between the simulation and data.

基于化学计量学分析的不同花期梅花UPLC指纹图谱研究

目的建立不同花期梅花超高效液相色谱(UPLC)指纹图谱, 为梅花药材的质量研究提供参考。方法采用UPLC法建立梅花药材指纹图谱, 并利用高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱(LC-MS)对共有峰进行指认, 以不同花期梅花药材指纹图谱共有峰峰面积为变量, 进行化学计量学分析, 采用峰面积计算法对不同花期梅花中黄酮和酚酸类成分的变化进行半定量分析。结果不同花期梅花药材指纹图谱均标识出31个共有峰, 并指认出9个成分;聚类分析和主成分分析均将不同花期梅花药材分成3类, 其中花蕾期与盛花期、末花期组间差异较大, 而盛花期与末花期组间差异较小。正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)共筛选出16个VIP>1.0的差异性成分。不同花期酚酸类成分含量依次为花蕾期>盛花期>末花期, 而黄酮类成分含量依次为盛花期>末花期>花蕾期。结论该方法操作简便, 方法可靠, 可为不同花期梅花药材的质量评价提供参考。

Role of integrin in influencing differentiation of PC12 cell grown on PLLA-aligned nanofiber:a mRNA–microRNA–protein integrative study

The aim of this study is to unveil the role of integrin in influencing the differentiation of PC12 cell grown on PLLA aligned nanofibers by integrative study of cDNA microarray,proteomics technology and microRNA sequencing technology.First,PLLA-aligned nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning,and the chemical composition and surface morphology of the nanofibers were examined.Then,morphology and neurite length of PC12 cells and GRGDS-treated PC12 cells on PLLA-aligned nanofibers(AF and GA group)were measured by high-content analysis system.Subsequently,protein expression profile was analyzed by iTRAQ proteomics technology and 250 differentially expressed proteins were screened in the GA group.Integrative analysis of mRNAmicroRNA-protein data showed that‘MAPK signaling pathway’was the key affected pathway after the function of integrin were interfered by GRGDS.Other seven pathways were also influenced,and the differentiation of PC12 cell grown on PLLA aligned nanofibers was finally inhibited.

Determination of Double Beta Decay Half-Life of 136Xe with the PandaX-4T Natural Xenon Detector

Precise measurement of two-neutrino double beta decay(DBD)half-life is an important step for the searches of Majorana neutrinos with neutrinoless double beta decay.We report the measurement of DBD half-life of 136xe using the Pandax-4T dual-phase Time Projection Chamber(TPC)with 3.7-tonne natural xenon and the first 94.9-day physics data release.

Constraining self-interacting dark matter with the full dataset of PandaX-II

Self-interacting dark matter(SIDM)is a leading candidate proposed to solve discrepancies between predictions of the prevailing cold dark matter theory and observations of galaxies.Many SIDM models predict the existence of a light force carrier that mediates strong dark matter self-interactions.If the mediator couples to the standard model particles,it could produce characteristic signals in dark matter direct detection experiments.We report searches for signals of SIDM models with a light mediator using the full dataset of the PandaX-II experiment,basing on a total exposure of 132 tonne-days.No significant excess over background is found,and our likelihood analysis leads to a strong upper limit on the dark matter-nucleon coupling strength.We further combine the PandaX-II constraints and those from observations of the light element abundances in the early universe,and show that direct detection and cosmological probes can provide complementary constraints on dark matter models with a light mediator.

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic study on the different molecular mechanisms of PC12 cell growth on chitosan and collagen/chitosan films

The purpose of this article is to integrate the transcriptomic analysis and the proteomic profiles and to reveal and compare the different molecular mechanisms of PC12 cell growth on the surface of chitosan films and collagen/chitosan films.First,the chitosan films and the collagen/chitosan films were prepared.Subsequently,the cell viability assay was performed;the cell viability of the PC12 cells cultured on the collagen/chitosan films for 24 h was significantly higher than that on the chitosan films.Then,with cDNA microarray,the numbers of differentially expressed genes of PC12 cells on the surface of chitosan and collagen/chitosan films were 13349 and 5165,respectively.Next,the biological pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were involved in 40 pathways directly related to cell adhesion and growth.The integrated transcriptomic and our previous proteomic analysis revealed that three biological pathways-extracellular matrix-receptor interaction,focal adhesion and regulation of actin cytoskeleton-were regulated in the processes of protein adsorption,cell adhesion and growth.The adsorbed proteins on the material surfaces further influenced the expression of important downstream genes by regulating the expression of related receptor genes in these three pathways.In comparison,chitosan films had a strong inhibitory effect on PC12 cell adhesion and growth,resulting in the significantly lower cell viability on its surface;on the contrary,collagen/chitosan films were more conducive to promoting PC12 cell adhesion and growth,resulting in higher cell viability.

Metabolomics analysis of poly(L-lactic acid)nanofibers’performance on PC12 cell differentiation

The aim of this article is to reveal the influence of aligned/random poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA)nanofibers on PC12 cell differentiation from the perspective of metabolic level.First,three materials-PLLA aligned nanofibers(PLLA AF),PLLA random nanofibers(PLLA RF)and PLLA films(control)-were prepared by electrospinning and spin coating.Their surface morphologies were characterized.Subsequently,the cell viability,cell morphology and neurite length of PC12 cells on the surface of the three materials were evaluated,indicating more neurites in the PLLA RF groups but the longer average neurite length in the PLLA AF groups.Next,the metabolite profiles of PC12 cells cultured on the surface of the three nanofibers after 12 h,24 h and 36 h showed that,compared with the control,51,48 and 31 types of differential metabolites were detected at the three time points among the AF groups,respectively;and 56,45 and 41 types among the RF groups,respectively.Furthermore,the bioinformatics analysis of differential metabolites identified two pathways and three metabolites critical to PC12 cell differentiation influenced by the nanofibers.In addition,the verification experiment on critical metabolites and metabolic pathways were performed.The integrative analysis combining cytology,metabolomics and bioinformatics approaches revealed that though both PLLA AF and RF were capable of stimulating the synthesis of neurotransmitters,the PLLA AF were more beneficial for PC12 cell differentiation,whereas the PLLA RF were less effective.

Neutron-induced nuclear recoil background in the PandaX-4T experiment

Neutron-induced nuclear recoil background is critical to dark matter searches in the PandaX-4T liquid xenon experiment.In this study,we investigate the features of neutron background in liquid xenon and evaluate its contribution in single scattering nuclear recoil events using three methods.The first method is fully based on Monte Carlo simulations.The last two are data-driven methods that also use multiple scattering signals and high energy signals in the data.In the PandaX-4T commissioning data with an exposure of 0.63 tonne-year,all these methods give a consistent result,i.e.,there are 1.15±0.57 neutron-induced backgrounds in the dark matter signal region within an approximated nuclear recoil energy window between 5 and 100 keV.