Bioorthogonal reactions involving transition metals have diversified applications in imaging,drug development,chemical catalysis and other fields.Transition metals used to catalyze the bioorthogonal reaction mainly in...Bioorthogonal reactions involving transition metals have diversified applications in imaging,drug development,chemical catalysis and other fields.Transition metals used to catalyze the bioorthogonal reaction mainly include ruthenium,palladium,copper,and gold.However,the great potential for translational applications of bioorthogonal reaction needs to be further expanded and their reaction efficiency should be improved.Therefore,it is an urgent need for the development of this field to find more suitable catalysts to efficiently catalyze existing biological orthogonal reactions and expand the types of biological orthogonal reactions.Thus,this review not only summarizes those transition metal complexes-based catalysts participating in bioorthogonal reaction and some bioorthogonal reactions involving transition metals inside the cells,but also sheds light into the discovery of new transition metal complexes and their future development in applications.展开更多
Context:East Asia is a crucial region in the global methane(CH4)budget,with significant contributions from the livestock sector.However,the long-term trend and spatial pattern of CH4 emissions from livestock in this r...Context:East Asia is a crucial region in the global methane(CH4)budget,with significant contributions from the livestock sector.However,the long-term trend and spatial pattern of CH4 emissions from livestock in this region have not been fully assessed.Methods:Here,we estimate CH4 emissions from 10 categories of livestock in East Asia during 1961-2019 following the Tier 2 approaches suggested by the 2019 Refinement to the IPCC 2006 Guidelines.Results:livestock-sourced CH4 emission in 2019 was 13.22[11.42-15.01](mean[minimum%maximum of 95-confidence interval]Tg CH4 yr-1,accounting for an increase of 231%since 1961.The contribution of slaughtered populations to total emissions increased from 3%in 1961 to 24%in 2019.Spatially,the emission hotspots were mostly distributed in eastern China,South Korea,and parts of Japan,but they tend to shift northward after 2000.Conclusion:It is necessary to use dynamic emission factors and include slaughtered populations in the estimation of livestock CH4 emissions.Regions including Northern China,Mongolia,and South Korea deserve more attention in future CH4 mitigation efforts.展开更多
In Lactococcus lactis, the global transcriptional regulatory factor CodY can interact with the promoter DNA to regulate the growth, metabolism, environmental adaptation and other biological activities of the strains. ...In Lactococcus lactis, the global transcriptional regulatory factor CodY can interact with the promoter DNA to regulate the growth, metabolism, environmental adaptation and other biological activities of the strains. In order to study the mechanism of interaction between CodY and its target DNA, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to explore the binding process at molecular level. Through the calculations of the free energy of binding, hydrogen bonding and energy decomposition, nine key residues of CodY were identified, corresponding to SERI84, SERI 86, SER20& THR217, ARG21 & SER219, ASN223, LYS242 and GLY243, among which SERI86, ARG218 and LYS242 play a vital role in DNA binding. Our research results provide important theoretical guidance for using wet-lab methods to study and optimize the metabolic network regulated by CodY.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (82225025)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21877049,22177038,32171296)+1 种基金Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (2020B1515120043,2022A1515012235)K.C.Wong Education Foundation。
文摘Bioorthogonal reactions involving transition metals have diversified applications in imaging,drug development,chemical catalysis and other fields.Transition metals used to catalyze the bioorthogonal reaction mainly include ruthenium,palladium,copper,and gold.However,the great potential for translational applications of bioorthogonal reaction needs to be further expanded and their reaction efficiency should be improved.Therefore,it is an urgent need for the development of this field to find more suitable catalysts to efficiently catalyze existing biological orthogonal reactions and expand the types of biological orthogonal reactions.Thus,this review not only summarizes those transition metal complexes-based catalysts participating in bioorthogonal reaction and some bioorthogonal reactions involving transition metals inside the cells,but also sheds light into the discovery of new transition metal complexes and their future development in applications.
基金This research was supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0604702)CAS STS Program(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-010-05)+3 种基金SKLURE Grant(SKLURE 2017-1-6)China Scholarship Council(201904910499)H.T.and S.P.were supported by the US National Science Foundation(1903722)Andrew Carnegie Fellowship(G-F-19-56910).
文摘Context:East Asia is a crucial region in the global methane(CH4)budget,with significant contributions from the livestock sector.However,the long-term trend and spatial pattern of CH4 emissions from livestock in this region have not been fully assessed.Methods:Here,we estimate CH4 emissions from 10 categories of livestock in East Asia during 1961-2019 following the Tier 2 approaches suggested by the 2019 Refinement to the IPCC 2006 Guidelines.Results:livestock-sourced CH4 emission in 2019 was 13.22[11.42-15.01](mean[minimum%maximum of 95-confidence interval]Tg CH4 yr-1,accounting for an increase of 231%since 1961.The contribution of slaughtered populations to total emissions increased from 3%in 1961 to 24%in 2019.Spatially,the emission hotspots were mostly distributed in eastern China,South Korea,and parts of Japan,but they tend to shift northward after 2000.Conclusion:It is necessary to use dynamic emission factors and include slaughtered populations in the estimation of livestock CH4 emissions.Regions including Northern China,Mongolia,and South Korea deserve more attention in future CH4 mitigation efforts.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31570049).
文摘In Lactococcus lactis, the global transcriptional regulatory factor CodY can interact with the promoter DNA to regulate the growth, metabolism, environmental adaptation and other biological activities of the strains. In order to study the mechanism of interaction between CodY and its target DNA, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to explore the binding process at molecular level. Through the calculations of the free energy of binding, hydrogen bonding and energy decomposition, nine key residues of CodY were identified, corresponding to SERI84, SERI 86, SER20& THR217, ARG21 & SER219, ASN223, LYS242 and GLY243, among which SERI86, ARG218 and LYS242 play a vital role in DNA binding. Our research results provide important theoretical guidance for using wet-lab methods to study and optimize the metabolic network regulated by CodY.
