复合型水性丙烯酸树脂乳液的制备和性能

采用低玻璃化转变温度、高分子量的丙烯酸树脂乳液与高玻璃化转变温度、低分子量的丙烯酸树脂分散体混合的方式,制备了无交联剂水性丙烯酸树脂复合乳液,用于彩印包装纸与塑料薄膜的热复合。以丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸羟乙酯等为原料,采用种子乳液聚合法制备了相对分子质量(1.48~1.84)×10^(5)、玻璃化转变温度(T_(g))﹣20~﹣40℃的丙烯酸酯乳液。以丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、马来酸单酯等为原料,采用本体聚合法制备了相对分子质量(1.34~1.65)×10^(4)、T_(g) 20~45℃、软化点80~105℃的固体树脂,进一步采用自乳化方法将固体树脂制备成树脂水分散体。考察了不同Tg的丙烯酸酯乳液与水分散体以不同比例混配后的乳液混合体的性能。研究结果表明,T_(g)为﹣27.6℃的丙烯酸酯乳液与Tg为28.2℃固体树脂的分散体以质量比8:2混合后,用于PET膜-黑色印刷纸的热复合,剥离强度达到5.6 N/25 mm,持粘性达270 h,可以充分满足覆膜材料的附着力和耐压纹等性能要求。

Remote sensing of quality traits in cereal and arable production systems:A review

Cereal is an essential source of calories and protein for the global population.Accurately predicting cereal quality before harvest is highly desirable in order to optimise management for farmers,grading harvest and categorised storage for enterprises,future trading prices,and policy planning.The use of remote sensing data with extensive spatial coverage demonstrates some potential in predicting crop quality traits.Many studies have also proposed models and methods for predicting such traits based on multiplatform remote sensing data.In this paper,the key quality traits that are of interest to producers and consumers are introduced.The literature related to grain quality prediction was analyzed in detail,and a review was conducted on remote sensing platforms,commonly used methods,potential gaps,and future trends in crop quality prediction.This review recommends new research directions that go beyond the traditional methods and discusses grain quality retrieval and the associated challenges from the perspective of remote sensing data.

Unraveling the nexus between cellular senescence and malignant transformation:a paradigm shift in cancer research

Cellular senescence, a natural process wherein cells cease division and undergo irreversible growth arrest, has long captivated the curiosity of scientists because of its many implications in aging and disease. Recent research has shed light on the nexus between cellular senescence and malignant transformation, thus leading to a paradigm shift in understanding cancer development and progression.

Dynamic Analysis of an Algae-Fish Harvested Model with Allee Effect

In this paper, an algae-fish harvested model with Allee effect was established to further explore the dynamic evolution mechanism under the influence of key factors. Mathematical theoretical work not only investigated the existence and stability of all possible equilibrium points, but also probed into the occurrence of transcritical and Hopf bifurcation. The numerical simulation works verified the effectiveness of the theoretical derivation results and displayed rich bifurcation dynamical behaviors, which showed that Allee effect and harvest have played a vital role in the dynamic relationship between algae and fish. In summary, it was expected that these research results would be beneficial for promoting the study of bifurcation dynamics in aquatic ecosystems.

Ring finger protein 157 is a prognostic biomarker and is associated with immune infiltrates in human breast cancer

Background: The protein encoded by ring finger protein 157 (RNF157) is known to function as an E3 ubiquitinligase. However, whether the level of RNF157 expression in breast cancer correlates with prognosis and immune cellinfiltration among breast cancer patients remains to be further explored. Methods: In this study, publicly availabledatasets were used for evaluating RNF157 expression in different tumors compared with normal samples. Severalindependent datasets were screened for investigating the relationship between RNF157 and breast cancer survival,different mutation profiles, and tumor immune cell infiltration. We conducted a pathway enrichment analysis toidentify signaling pathways associated with RNF157. Results: Analysis of public and online databases revealed thatRNF157 expression markedly decreased in breast cancer tissue samples compared to non-carcinoma counterparts.Consistently, immunohistochemistry assays also demonstrated this RNF157 down-regulation in breast cancer samples.RNF157 up-regulation could predict the improved survival of breast cancer cases. Further, different RNF157expression level groups exhibited different mutational profiles. Pathway enrichment profiling of RNF157-related genessuggested its possible involvement in regulating breast cancer via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)pathway. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data and genomic enrichment analysis showed that RNF157 downregulatedseveral genes positively associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. We also explored RNF157 expression andimmune cell infiltration in breast cancer and found that RNF157 mRNA levels were negatively related to non-Timmune cell infiltration. Conclusion: According to our work, RNF157 may be a promising diagnostic biomarker andtherapeutic target for breast cancer.

可组合嵌入式软件建模与验证技术研究综述

可组合嵌入式软件以构件开发技术为基础,研究嵌入式构件的建模、组合性质、构件间组合机制以及组合验证等理论、方法和技术.从组合理论、建模与验证技术这3个方面对可组合嵌入式软件的研究现状进行调研分析.组合理论研究给出构件可组合性的乐观定义和悲观定义,从组合操作、组合规则两个方面定义构件间的组合机制.针对嵌入式构件的特点,着重调研了非功能特性和异构构件的建模与组合技术,分析了非功能特性约束、面向多特性的模型等方法.分析了基于契约的验证、基于不变量的验证、基于模型检查的验证等多种嵌入式软件组合验证技术.最后,探讨了需要进一步研究的问题.

面向实时数据的CPS一体化建模方法

信息物理系统(cyber-physical system,简称CPS)是一个在环境感知的基础上整合了物理和计算元素的系统,它可以智能地响应真实世界的动态变化,具有重要而广阔的应用前景。然而,CPS工作在复杂的物理环境中,周围的物理变化会对CPS的行为产生影响。因此,确保CPS在复杂环境中的安全性和可靠性至关重要。提出了一种面向实时数据的一体化建模方法,通过定义一系列的规则,将领域环境模型组合到运行时验证过程中去,从而保证CPS在不确定环境中的安全性和可靠性。该方法首先为环境建立数学模型。然后,设计合并规则将相同系统参数下仅有一个环境影响因子的数学模型合并为相同系统参数下有一个或多个环境影响因子的数学模型。之后,定义转换规则,将数学模型转换为伪代码表示的环境模型。最后,根据组合规则将环境模型组合到运行时监视模型中执行验证。该方法使得监视模型更加完整、准确,当环境发生变化时,通过动态调整参数范围使得CPS中的安全属性在复杂的物理环境中仍然得以满足。将该方法应用到移动机器人避障实验中,对影响电池容量的温度和湿度进行数学建模,然后将环境模型组合到监视模型中去,最终实现在执行任务前可以根据不同的物理环境准确地给出续航时间安全提醒。

几何代数的高阶逻辑形式化

几何代数是一种用于描述和计算几何问题的代数语言,由于它统一表达分析和不依赖于坐标的几何计算等优点,现已成为数学分析、理论物理、几何学、工程应用等领域重要的理论基础和计算工具.然而,利用几何代数进行计算和建模分析的传统方法,如数值计算方法和符号方法等,都存在计算不精确或者不完备等问题.高阶逻辑定理证明是验证系统正确的一种严密的形式化方法.在高阶逻辑证明工具HOL-Light中建立了几何代数系统的形式化模型,主要包括片积、多重矢量、外积、内积、几何积、几何逆、对偶、基矢量运算和变换算子等的形式化定义和相关性质定理的证明.最后,为了说明几何代数形式化的有效性和实用性,在共形几何代数空间中,给刚体运动问题提供了一种简单有效的形式化建模与验证方法.

具有多传感器的CPS系统的攻击检测

信息物理系统(cyber-physical systems,简称CPS)是基于环境感知实现计算、通信与物理元素紧密结合的下一代智能系统,广泛应用于安全攸关的系统和工业控制等领域。信息技术与物理世界的相互作用使得CPS容易受到各种恶意攻击,从而破坏其安全性。主要研究存在瞬态故障的CPS中传感器的攻击检测问题。考虑具有多个传感器测量相同物理变量的系统,其中一些传感器可能受到恶意攻击并提供错误的测量。此外,使用抽象传感器模型,每个传感器为控制器提供一个真实值的可能间隔。已有的用于检测传感器被恶意攻击的方法是保守的。当专业攻击者在一段时间内轻微地或不频繁地操纵传感器的输出时,现有方法很难捕获到攻击,如隐身攻击。为了解决这个问题,设计了一种基于融合间隔和历史测量的传感器攻击检测方法。该方法首先为不同的传感器构建不同的故障模型,使用系统动力学方程把历史测量融入到攻击检测方法中,从不同的方面分析传感器的测量。另外,利用历史测量和融合间隔解决了两个传感器的测量相交时是否存在故障的问题。该方法的核心思想是利用传感器之间的成对不一致关系检测和识别攻击。从EV3地面车辆上获得真实的测量数据来验证算法的性能。实验结果表明,所提出的方法优于现有方法,对各种攻击类型都有较好的检测和识别性能,特别是对于隐身攻击,检测率和识别率大约提高了90%以上。

An Extended Approach for Generating Unitary Matrices for Quantum Circuits

In this paper,we do research on generating unitary matrices for quantum circuits automatically.We consider that quantum circuits are divided into six types,and the unitary operator expressions for each type are offered.Based on this,we propose an algorithm for computing the circuit unitary matrices in detail.Then,for quantum logic circuits composed of quantum logic gates,a faster method to compute unitary matrices of quantum circuits with truth table is introduced as a supplement.Finally,we apply the proposed algorithm to different reversible benchmark circuits based on NCT library(including NOT gate,Controlled-NOT gate,Toffoli gate)and generalized Toffoli(GT)library and provide our experimental results.

1,2-苯并异噻唑-3-酮衍生物的合成及活性研究

1,2-苯并异噻唑-3-酮(BIT)具有一定的抗菌活性,但其抗菌谱相对较窄.为寻找新的抗菌药物,以BIT为先导化合物,采用BIT-醛-醇三分子“一锅”反应,高效地合成了17个N-取代烷氧基甲基-1,2-苯并异噻唑-3-酮衍生物.采用密度泛函理论(DFT)进行了反应机理的研究.测定了对细菌、真菌和农作物病原真菌的抑菌活性,结果表明化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌均表现出较强的抑制作用,多数化合物的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)在1~4 mg/L之间.化合物BIT-5、BIT-9、BIT-10以及BIT-11对所测试的多种细菌、真菌均具有较高的抑制活性,尤其是对农作物病原真菌核盘菌、假禾谷镰孢菌、禾谷镰孢菌和小麦全蚀病菌表现出很高的抑菌活性(MIC=5~10 mg/L),具有进一步的研究价值.

Effectiveness Assessment of the Search-Based Statistical Structural Testing

Search-based statistical structural testing(SBSST)is a promising technique that uses automated search to construct input distributions for statistical structural testing.It has been proved that a simple search algorithm,for example,the hill-climber is able to optimize an input distribution.However,due to the noisy fitness estimation of the minimum triggering probability among all cover elements(Tri-Low-Bound),the existing approach does not show a satisfactory efficiency.Constructing input distributions to satisfy the Tri-Low-Bound criterion requires an extensive computation time.Tri-Low-Bound is considered a strong criterion,and it is demonstrated to sustain a high fault-detecting ability.This article tries to answer the following question:if we use a relaxed constraint that significantly reduces the time consumption on search,can the optimized input distribution still be effective in faultdetecting ability?In this article,we propose a type of criterion called fairnessenhanced-sum-of-triggering-probability(p-L1-Max).The criterion utilizes the sum of triggering probabilities as the fitness value and leverages a parameter p to adjust the uniformness of test data generation.We conducted extensive experiments to compare the computation time and the fault-detecting ability between the two criteria.The result shows that the 1.0-L1-Max criterion has the highest efficiency,and it is more practical to use than the Tri-Low-Bound criterion.To measure a criterion’s fault-detecting ability,we introduce a definition of expected faults found in the effective test set size region.To measure the effective test set size region,we present a theoretical analysis of the expected faults found with respect to various test set sizes and use the uniform distribution as a baseline to derive the effective test set size region’s definition.

Quantum Algorithms and Experiment Implementations Based on IBM Q

With the rapid development of quantum theory and technology in recent years,especially the emergence of some quantum cloud computing platforms,more and more researchers are not satisfied with the theoretical derivation and simulation verification of quantum computation(especially quantum algorithms),experimental verification on real quantum devices has become a new trend.In this paper,three representative quantum algorithms,namely Deutsch-Jozsa,Grover,and Shor algorithms,are briefly depicted,and then their implementation circuits are presented,respectively.We program these circuits on python with QISKit to connect the remote real quantum devices(i.e.,ibmqx4,ibmqx5)on IBM Q to verify these algorithms.The experimental results not only show the feasibility of these algorithms,but also serve to evaluate the functionality of these devices.

The evolution and enlightenment of water resourcesaccounting from accounts to balance sheet

The Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has proposed an important national strategic decision: to explore and establish the balance sheet of natural resources, to implement leaders’ of-office auditing system about natural resources assets. Water is one of the most essential nature resources of human beings; water resources accounting, as an important water resources management tool, is an essential part of compiling the natural resources balance sheet. In this paper, we provide a summary of the historic evolution of water resources accounting and analyze its application in some typical countries. Although water resources accounting and water resources balance sheet reflect different implications and focus, both require water resources accounts as the basis in system establishment.

Novel Quantum Algorithms to Minimize Switching Functions Based on Graph Parti

After Google reported its realization of quantum supremacy,Solving the classical problems with quantum computing is becoming a valuable research topic.Switching function minimization is an important problem in Electronic Design Automation(EDA)and logic synthesis,most of the solutions are based on heuristic algorithms with a classical computer,it is a good practice to solve this problem with a quantum processer.In this paper,we introduce a new hybrid classic quantum algorithm using Grover’s algorithm and symmetric functions to minimize small Disjoint Sum of Product(DSOP)and Sum of Product(SOP)for Boolean switching functions.Our method is based on graph partitions for arbitrary graphs to regular graphs,which can be solved by a Grover-based quantum searching algorithm we proposed.The Oracle for this quantum algorithm is built from Boolean symmetric functions and implemented with Lattice diagrams.It is shown analytically and verified by simulations on a quantum simulator that our methods can find all solutions to these problems.

Aurora B promotes the CENP-T–CENP-W interaction to guide accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis

Accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis depends on kinetochores that connect centromeric chromatin to spindle microtubules.Centromeres are captured by individual microtubules via a kinetochore constitutive centromere-associated network(CCAN)during chromosome segregation.CCAN contains 16 subunits,including CENP-W and CENP-T.However,the molecular recognition and mitotic regulation of the CCAN assembly remain elusive.Here,we revealed that CENP-W binds to the histone fold domain and an uncharacterized N-terminal region of CENP-T.Aurora B phosphorylates CENP-W at threonine 60,which enhances the interaction between CENP-W and CENP-T to ensure robust metaphase chromosome alignment and accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis.These findings delineate a conserved signaling cascade that integrates protein phosphorylation with CCAN integrity for the maintenance of genomic stability.

Organization of microtubule plus-end dynamics by phase separation in mitosis

In eukaryotes,microtubule polymers are essential for cellular plasticity and fate decisions.End-binding(EB)proteins serve as scaffolds for orchestrating microtubule polymer dynamics and are essential for cellular dynamics and chromosome segregation in mitosis.Here,we show that EB1 forms molecular condensates with TIP150 and MCAK through liquid–liquid phase separation to compartmentalize the kinetochore–microtubule plus-end machinery,ensuring accurate kinetochore–microtubule interactions during chromosome segregation in mitosis.Perturbation of EB1–TIP150 polymer formation by a competing peptide prevents phase separation of the EB1-mediated complex and chromosome alignment at the metaphase equator in both cultured cells and Drosophila embryos.Lys220 of EB1 is dynamically acetylated by p300/CBP-associated factor in early mitosis,and persistent acetylation at Lys220 attenuates phase separation of the EB1-mediated complex,dissolves droplets in vitro,and harnesses accurate chromosome segregation.Our data suggest a novel framework for understanding the organization and regulation of eukaryotic spindle for accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis.

Two-Dimensional Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Reinforced Spinterface in Organic Spin Valves

Interface engineering in device fabrication is a significant but complicated issue.Although great successes have been achieved by conventional physical in situ or ex situ methods,it still suffers from complicated procedures.In this work,we present a facile method for fabricating phthalocyanine(Pc)-based two-dimensional conductive metal–organic framework(MOF)films.Based on PcM-Cu(M=Ni,Cu,H_(2))MOF films,spin valves with a vertical configuration of La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_(3)/PcM-Cu MOFs/Co were constructed successfully,and exhibited notably high negative magnetoresistance(MR)up to -22% at 50 K.The penetrated Co atoms coordinated with the dehydrogenated hydroxy groups in the MOFs resulting in an antiferromagnetic layer of the PcM-Cu-Co hybrid structure.Interestingly,a significant exchange bias effect was demonstrated at the PcM-Cu MOF/Co interface,beneficial for the MR behavior.Thus,our present study provides new insights into developing high-performance organic spin valves via de novo molecular design.

Sgo1 interacts with CENP-A to guide accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis

Shugoshin-1(Sgo1)is necessary for maintaining sister centromere cohesion and ensuring accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis.It has been reported that the localization of Sgo1 at the centromere is dependent on Bub1-mediated phosphorylation of histone H2A at T120.However,it remains uncertain whether other centromeric proteins play a role in regulating the localization and function of Sgo1 during mitosis.Here,we show that CENP-A interacts with Sgo1 and determines the localization of Sgo1 to the centromere during mitosis.Further biochemical characterization revealed that lysine and arginine residues in the C-terminal domain of Sgo1 are critical for binding CENP-A.Interestingly,the replacement of these basic amino acids with acidic amino acids perturbed the localization of Sgo1 and Aurora B to the centromere,resulting in aberrant chromosome segregation and premature chromatid separation.Taken together,these findings reveal a previously unrecognized but direct link between Sgo1 and CENP-A in centromere plasticity control and illustrate how the Sgo1–CENP-A interaction guides accurate cell division.

祁连山绿色发展:从生态治理到生态恢复

在祁连山生态环境经重锤整治、生态恢复初显成效之际,第二次青藏高原综合科学考察之'祁连山综合考察'全面开启.优先围绕生态系统与生态安全、固体水库动态变化、人类活动变化与生态生计影响三大关键任务,开展天-空-地一体化考察,定量核算了生态环境整治后局部的生态环境收益与经济损失,并基于远程耦合方法核算了祁连山的全局生态系统服务价值.研究发现:生态环境整治提升了生态环境服务价值;暖湿化背景下生态系统整体向好,珍稀物种种群扩大,但对局部草原过牧管控不力导致退化;冰川冰储量亏损加剧,冰川融水径流贡献率将越过临界点;过去10多年冻土融化释放的水量约为1.18 km3/a,相当于祁连山出山河流年径流总量的10%;祁连山全局生态系统服务估算价值高达10676(±1601)亿元,远高于2017年区域经济损失的53.09亿元.鉴于祁连山对于全国的巨大生态价值,建议国家加大生态补偿力度,实现祁连山生态生计双赢的绿色发展.祁连山综合科学考察成果可为祁连山国家公园建设,以及'山水林田湖草'系统保护与修复提供详实数据和决策依据,为'丝绸之路经济带'沿线国家流域治理提供典型案例和科学支撑.