Synergistic Action of Clonorchiasis,HBV Infection and Alcohol Consumption on Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE It has been recognized that HBV infection andalcohol consumption are two important risk factors for primaryhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently, the role of clonorchiasisas a risk factor for HCC is controversial. We aimed to investigatewhether these factors increase the risk of HCC in Guangxi, China.METHODS A hospital-based, case-control study of HCCwas conducted from July 2005 to July 2007. We enrolled 500consecutive patients with HCC as an experimental group and 500patients without tumor in liver as a control group. The risk factorsthat the patients were exposed to were assessed.RESULTS Comparing the risks of developing the HCC, wefound out the following results. The risk of developing HCC forthe patients with clonorchiasis was 5 folds of that for the patientswithout clonorchiasis (OR = 5.0; 95% CI: 3.1-8.1), and the risk forthe patients with alcohol consumption was 3 folds of that for thepatients without drinking alcohol (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 2.3-4.9), andsimilarly, the risk for the patients with HBV infection was 21 timesof that for the patients without HBV infection (OR = 20.6; 95% CI:14.3-29.7). According to crossover analysis, there was significantinteraction among clonorchiasis, HBV infection and alcoholconsumption, with synergistic indices greater than 1. The etiologicfractions attributed to these interactions [EF (A x B)] are 0.7465,0.5789 and 0.5506, respectively.CONCLUSION Clonorchiasis, HBV infection and heavy alcoholconsumption are independent risk factors for developing HCC inour population in Guangxi, and as they can interact synergistically,the risk of developing HCC is increased. Data from this study mayindicate new prevention strategies of developing HCC in high-riskindividuals.

Fusion of EGFP and porcine α 1,3GT genes decrease GFP expression

Objective:To investigate the effect of fusion proteins expressed by the fused gene of porcineα1,3 galactosyltransierase(α1,3 GT) and enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) on the green fluorescence intensity of EGFP.Methods:The fragment containingα1.3GT was firstly recovered after the pcDNA3.1-α1.3GT recombinant vector were digested with BamHl and EcoRI,and then,the resultant fragment was ligated to the pEGFP-N1 vector which was also digested with the same enzymes.The new recombinant eukaryotic expression pEGFP/a 1,3GT vector was obtained and sequenced.The pEGFP/α1,3GT was used to transfect human lung carcinoma cells A549 and HEKC 293FT,and the expression of EGFP was quantitatively analyzed by fluorescent microscope and flow cytometry.Results:The positive percentage of A549 was 80.5%,and that of 293 FT was 86.5%48 hours after the two cell lines both were transfected by pEGFP-N1.The positive percentage of A549 was 75.8%,and that of 293 FT was 81.2%48 hours after the two cell lines were transfected by pEGFP/α1.3GT.The mean fluorescence intensities of A549 transfected with pEGFP-N1 and pEGFP/α1.3GT were 1.21 and 0.956,respectively when compared with that of A549 without transfection.Meanwhile,the those of the 293FT that were transfected with pEGFP-N1 and pEGFP/αl,3GT were 7.66 and 1.00.respectively when compared with that of 293FT cells without transfection.Conclusions:These results suggested that the expression of EGFP gene fused with porcineα1,3GT gene was partly inhibited.

简谐基础加速度激励下的点阵结构优化设计

航空航天类产品面临愈加剧烈的振动环境,同时对结构的设计也提出了更高的轻量化需求。针对简谐基础加速度激励下的结构振动抑制问题,基于高比强度、比刚度的轻质点阵结构,提出通过优化点阵结构杆件的截面尺寸来降低结构动响应的优化方法。以点阵结构杆件的截面尺寸为设计变量,结构体积为约束,建立简谐基础加速度激励下结构关键点处位移响应最小为优化目标的优化数学模型。采用模态位移法高效求解结构动响应及灵敏度,并通过GCMMA优化算法实现优化问题求解。数值算例和振动实验表明所提出的点阵结构优化方法在保证结构轻量化的同时,能够大幅度降低结构的振动响应。

ON THE STABILITY OF A RECURSIVE SEQUENCE

In this paper, we investigate the global behavior of a recursive sequence. We get sufficient conditions for the existence of the unique equilibrium point, and the unique equilibrium point is proved to be globally attractive, also the attractive basin of the equilibrium is obtained.