Mitochondrial comparative proteomic analysis of sterile line and its maintain line of purple cytoplasmic rice (Oryza sativa)

CMS/Rf systems in rice (Oryza sativa) have long been exploited for hybrid breeding to enhance productivity. Ying xiang CMS/Rf system is a new type. In this study, a mitochondrial comparative proteomic analysis of Ying xiang Sterile Line and its Maintain Line was started for a comprehensive investigation of the mitochondrial proteins’ functions in rice cytoplasmic male sterility. Mitochondria were prepared from rice shoots grown in the dark. Proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF/ MS. Using Mascot, it was found that 7 proteins were not described previously for plant mitochondria, indicating novel mitochondrial functions. 3 of them were characterized.

Characteristics of Volcanic Reservoirs and Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Carboniferous System in Junggar Basin, China

The Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Junggar Basin contain rich hydrocarbon resources,implying a great exploration potential,so that they have become a key replacement target for“three-dimensional exploration”.The study on the Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs and their hydrocarbon accumulation elements is significant for clarifying the orientation for exploration.In this paper,based on 37 reserves reports and 3200 reservoir test data,the Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in Junggar Basin were discussed from the prospective of lithology and lithofacies,physical properties,reservoir types,main controls on hydrocarbon accumulation,and hydrocarbon accumulation patterns.It is found that the Carboniferous in the basin is mostly in the multi-island ocean-volcanic island arc structural-sedimentary environment,so it is geologically eligible for forming in-situ volcanic reservoirs.The volcanic rocks are:(1)mostly distributed along deep and large faults,with the lithology and lithofacies controlled by volcanic architectures;(2)dominantly lava,followed by volcaniclastic lava and volcaniclastic rock;(3)distributed in the periphery of hydrocarbon-generating sag and within the source rocks horizontally,and concentrated in the weathering crust at the top longitudinally,possibly leading to reworked weathering crust reservoir;and(4)liable to form inner reservoirs.The volcanic reservoirs can be concluded into four hydrocarbon accumulation patterns,i.e.,self-generating&self-storing in paleo-uplift and vertical migration,self-generating&self-storing in paleo-uplift and lateral migration,young-generating&old-storing in fault zone and vertical migration,and young-generating&old-storing in paleo-uplift and lateral migration.Future exploration will focus on the effective source rock development and hydrocarbon supply zones and the selfgenerating&self-storing and young-generating&old-storing patterns.The exploration prospects are determined to be the Ludong-Wucaiwan-Baijiahai slope belt and the southern slope belt of the Shaqi uplift(self-generating&self-storing pattern)in eastern Junggar,and the fault and nasal arch zone at the northwestern margin and the nasal arch zone(deep and large structure)in the Luxi area(younggenerating&old-storing pattern)in western Junggar.

New advances in the assessment of tight oil resource in China

The research on tight oil becomes another hotspot in the field of unconventional oil and gas after the boom of shale gas.The global recoverable resources of tight oil are estimated to be around 47.3×10^(9)t.In recent years,significant progress has been made in the technologies of tight oil exploration and development in North America,thus stimulating the dramatic increase of tight oil production.Meanwhile,China has also acquired remarkable achievements in tight oil exploration.Mature assessment methods have been established for tight oil resources by the US,generally dominated by analogy and statistical methods with their own advantages and disadvantages as well as applicable conditions.In China,improvement of resource evaluation techniques becomes an urgent issue in increasing tight oil reserve and production.This study mainly discusses the resource evaluation methods and resource enrichment characteristics of tight oil.Seven kinds of assessment methods in three categories(i.e.,analogy,statistical and genetic method)and evaluation parameters have been preliminary established,and are specifically applied in the Sichuan,Ordos,Songliao,Junggar,Bohai Bay and other tight oil basins through the newly hierarchical resource abundance analogy method,the estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)analogy method and the small-cell volumetric method.The preliminary evaluation results reveal that China has great potential in tight oil resource,and the geological resources amount to 20×10^(9)t,providing a resource base for large-scale development.

ON CORE STRUCTURE PROPERTIES AND PEIERLS STRESS OF DISSOCIATED SUPERDISLOCATIONS IN ALUMINIDES:NiAl AND FeAl

The study of dislocation properties in B2 structure intermetallics NiAl and FeAl is crucial to understand their mechanical behaviors. In this paper, the core structure and Peierls stress of collinear dissociated （111）{110} edge superdislocations in NiAl and FeAl are investigated with the modified P-N dislocation equation. The generalized stacking fault energy curve along （111） direction in {110} slip plane contains two modification factors that can assure the antiphase energy and the unstable stacking fault energy to change independently. The results show that the core width of superpartials decreases with the increasing unstable stacking fault energy, and increases with the increasing antiphase boundary energy. The calculated Peierls stress of （111）{ 110） edge superdislocations in NiAl and FeAl are 475 MPa and 3042 MPa, respectively. The values of Peierls stress in NiAl is in accordance in magnitude with the experimental and the molecular statics simulations results.