Municipal wastewater treatment plays an indispensable role in enhancing water quality by eliminating contaminants.While the process is vital,its environmental footprint,especially in terms of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissi...Municipal wastewater treatment plays an indispensable role in enhancing water quality by eliminating contaminants.While the process is vital,its environmental footprint,especially in terms of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,remains underexplored.Here we offer a comprehensive assessment of GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)across China.Our analyses reveal an estimated 1.54(0.92-2.65)×10^(4)Gg release of GHGs(CO_(2)-eq)in 2020,with a dominant contribution from N_(2)O emissions and electricity consumption.We can foresee a 60-65%reduction potential in GHG emissions with promising advancements in wastewater treatment,such as cutting-edge biological techniques,intelligent wastewater strategies,and a shift towards renewable energy sources.展开更多
With a Multi-Regional Input-Output model,this study quantifies global final energy demands’grey water footprint(GWF)based on the latest available data.In 2009,9.10 km^3 of freshwater was required to dilute the pollut...With a Multi-Regional Input-Output model,this study quantifies global final energy demands’grey water footprint(GWF)based on the latest available data.In 2009,9.10 km^3 of freshwater was required to dilute the pollutants generated along the life-cycle supply chain of global energy final demands to concentrations permitted by relevant environmental regulations.On a national level,final energy demands in China,USA,India,Japan,and Brazil required the largest GWF of 1.45,1.19,0.79,0.51,and 0.45 km^3 respectively,while European countries have the highest energy demands GWF per capita.From the producer perspective,the largest GWF was generated in BRIC countries,i.e.5 Russia(1.54 km^3),China(1.35 km^3),India(0.92 km^3)and Brazil(0.56 km^3)to support global final energy demands.Because of global trading activities,a country or region’s final energy demands also give rise to water pollutants beyond its territorial boundaries.Cyprus,Greece,Luxembourg,and Malta almost entirely rely on foreign water resources to dilute water pollutants generated to meet their final energy demands.Energy demands in BRIC countries have the least dependency on external water resources.On a global average,56.9%of GWF for energy demands was generated beyond national boundaries.Energy demands in the global north are inducing water pollutions in the global south.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation,China(No.42122059 and No.52000135)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFE0106400)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(20JCYBJC01080)theWorld Bank through the Global Water Security&Sanitation Partnership.
文摘Municipal wastewater treatment plays an indispensable role in enhancing water quality by eliminating contaminants.While the process is vital,its environmental footprint,especially in terms of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,remains underexplored.Here we offer a comprehensive assessment of GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)across China.Our analyses reveal an estimated 1.54(0.92-2.65)×10^(4)Gg release of GHGs(CO_(2)-eq)in 2020,with a dominant contribution from N_(2)O emissions and electricity consumption.We can foresee a 60-65%reduction potential in GHG emissions with promising advancements in wastewater treatment,such as cutting-edge biological techniques,intelligent wastewater strategies,and a shift towards renewable energy sources.
文摘With a Multi-Regional Input-Output model,this study quantifies global final energy demands’grey water footprint(GWF)based on the latest available data.In 2009,9.10 km^3 of freshwater was required to dilute the pollutants generated along the life-cycle supply chain of global energy final demands to concentrations permitted by relevant environmental regulations.On a national level,final energy demands in China,USA,India,Japan,and Brazil required the largest GWF of 1.45,1.19,0.79,0.51,and 0.45 km^3 respectively,while European countries have the highest energy demands GWF per capita.From the producer perspective,the largest GWF was generated in BRIC countries,i.e.5 Russia(1.54 km^3),China(1.35 km^3),India(0.92 km^3)and Brazil(0.56 km^3)to support global final energy demands.Because of global trading activities,a country or region’s final energy demands also give rise to water pollutants beyond its territorial boundaries.Cyprus,Greece,Luxembourg,and Malta almost entirely rely on foreign water resources to dilute water pollutants generated to meet their final energy demands.Energy demands in BRIC countries have the least dependency on external water resources.On a global average,56.9%of GWF for energy demands was generated beyond national boundaries.Energy demands in the global north are inducing water pollutions in the global south.
