Based on the micro-panel data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from2008 to 2012,this paper estimates the dynamic path of asset accumulation to test the existence of a poverty trap in rural Chin...Based on the micro-panel data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from2008 to 2012,this paper estimates the dynamic path of asset accumulation to test the existence of a poverty trap in rural China.The results show that the proportion of households escaping poverty through asset accumulation is higher than the proportion of those declining into poverty through asset depletion.The estimated dynamic asset accumulation paths display the concavity and assets converge to a stable equilibrium.It means that there is no evidence for multiple equilibria poverty trap in rural China.The variables of household characteristics and geographic capital have a significant effect on asset growth.When negative shocks are coming,labour opportunities of community and social capital absorb some negative effects.The increase in access to the financial market has a significant effect on the reduction of capital accumulation's declining.展开更多
本文使用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,基于代理工具测试模型(Proxy means testing,PMT)并结合ROC曲线方法(Receiver Operating Characteristics)研究低保的反贫困瞄准问题.结果显示:城市单个贫困指数以卫生间类型、电脑拥有情况来...本文使用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,基于代理工具测试模型(Proxy means testing,PMT)并结合ROC曲线方法(Receiver Operating Characteristics)研究低保的反贫困瞄准问题.结果显示:城市单个贫困指数以卫生间类型、电脑拥有情况来衡量较为有效,农村单个贫困指数则以户主年龄、冰箱拥有情况来衡量较为有效.更改贫困概率门槛值会影响公共预算转移支付贫困瞄准结果,对于一个较低的贫困概率门槛值,其对应的覆盖率(公共预算转移支付覆盖贫困人口)和漏损率(非贫困人口被纳入公共预算转移支付)都比较高.当政策制定者把对覆盖贫困人口和排除非贫困人口的目标赋予同等权重时,城乡贫困概率门槛值约为0.5左右.当贫困率较低且使用与贫困率相同的瞄准率时,基于PMT模型的贫困瞄准较差.在贫困率给定的条件下,随着受益比率(包含率)的增加,贫困瞄准的精确性在提高.使用全覆盖所需预算的百分比下降时,覆盖率和漏损率也都呈现下降态势,贫困率逐渐上升,预算中做覆盖之用的比例上升,而预算中漏损部分的比例下降.贫困线的变动会影响覆盖率、漏损率.展开更多
本文使用中国健康与养老追踪调查数据(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS),对由社会保险、就业市场项目、社会救助计划(这三个领域合称为公共转移支付)及私人转移支付四领域构成的社会保护系统在再分配方面的效...本文使用中国健康与养老追踪调查数据(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS),对由社会保险、就业市场项目、社会救助计划(这三个领域合称为公共转移支付)及私人转移支付四领域构成的社会保护系统在再分配方面的效应进行了分析,结果显示:特困户、低保、五保户等项目的累进性较高;社会福利的获得主要来自于瞄准效率而非规模效率;公共转移支付使得贫困率下降10%左右,基尼系数下降7%左右,养老金有最大的减贫效应;养老金减少城镇贫困和不平等的作用强于农村。最后,分别模拟了养老金变动和低保只流向最低收入水平家庭时,再分配及收入-成本比率的变化情况。展开更多
文摘Based on the micro-panel data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)from2008 to 2012,this paper estimates the dynamic path of asset accumulation to test the existence of a poverty trap in rural China.The results show that the proportion of households escaping poverty through asset accumulation is higher than the proportion of those declining into poverty through asset depletion.The estimated dynamic asset accumulation paths display the concavity and assets converge to a stable equilibrium.It means that there is no evidence for multiple equilibria poverty trap in rural China.The variables of household characteristics and geographic capital have a significant effect on asset growth.When negative shocks are coming,labour opportunities of community and social capital absorb some negative effects.The increase in access to the financial market has a significant effect on the reduction of capital accumulation's declining.
文摘本文使用中国家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,基于代理工具测试模型(Proxy means testing,PMT)并结合ROC曲线方法(Receiver Operating Characteristics)研究低保的反贫困瞄准问题.结果显示:城市单个贫困指数以卫生间类型、电脑拥有情况来衡量较为有效,农村单个贫困指数则以户主年龄、冰箱拥有情况来衡量较为有效.更改贫困概率门槛值会影响公共预算转移支付贫困瞄准结果,对于一个较低的贫困概率门槛值,其对应的覆盖率(公共预算转移支付覆盖贫困人口)和漏损率(非贫困人口被纳入公共预算转移支付)都比较高.当政策制定者把对覆盖贫困人口和排除非贫困人口的目标赋予同等权重时,城乡贫困概率门槛值约为0.5左右.当贫困率较低且使用与贫困率相同的瞄准率时,基于PMT模型的贫困瞄准较差.在贫困率给定的条件下,随着受益比率(包含率)的增加,贫困瞄准的精确性在提高.使用全覆盖所需预算的百分比下降时,覆盖率和漏损率也都呈现下降态势,贫困率逐渐上升,预算中做覆盖之用的比例上升,而预算中漏损部分的比例下降.贫困线的变动会影响覆盖率、漏损率.
文摘本文使用中国健康与养老追踪调查数据(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS),对由社会保险、就业市场项目、社会救助计划(这三个领域合称为公共转移支付)及私人转移支付四领域构成的社会保护系统在再分配方面的效应进行了分析,结果显示:特困户、低保、五保户等项目的累进性较高;社会福利的获得主要来自于瞄准效率而非规模效率;公共转移支付使得贫困率下降10%左右,基尼系数下降7%左右,养老金有最大的减贫效应;养老金减少城镇贫困和不平等的作用强于农村。最后,分别模拟了养老金变动和低保只流向最低收入水平家庭时,再分配及收入-成本比率的变化情况。