Considering the control difficulties of a hydro-viscous trol algorithm was derived. A fuzzy-immune PID controller was soft start （HVSS） device of a belt conveyor, a fuzzy-immune con- designed based on immune feedbac...Considering the control difficulties of a hydro-viscous trol algorithm was derived. A fuzzy-immune PID controller was soft start （HVSS） device of a belt conveyor, a fuzzy-immune con- designed based on immune feedback regulations and adaptability of the fuzzy logic inference. Using MATLAB software, we simulated the controller and compared the HVSS device with a conven- tional PID controller and a fuzzy PID controller. The simulation results show that the controller is not only very reliable as a PID controller, robust and requires only a short adjustment time of fuzzy control, but possesses also capacity of global optimization of the immune algorithm. To verify our theoretical analysis and simulation, a HVSS test-bed was developed. The experimental results demonstrate that the fuzzy-immune PID controller managed to start the belt conveyor softly and to follow an S-shaped curve while the output speed correctly followed the preset speed with only small fluctuations in speed.展开更多
The lattice, the band gap and the optical properties of n-type ZnO under uniaxial stress are investigated by first- principles calculations. The results show that the lattice constants change linearly with stress. Ban...The lattice, the band gap and the optical properties of n-type ZnO under uniaxial stress are investigated by first- principles calculations. The results show that the lattice constants change linearly with stress. Band gaps are broadened linearly as the uniaxial compressive stress increases. The change of band gap for n-type ZnO comes mainly from the contribution of stress in the c-axis direction, and the reason for band gap of n-type ZnO changing with stress is also explained. The calculated results of optical properties reveal that the imaginary part of the dielectric function decreases with the increase of uniaxial compressive stress at low energy. However, when the energy is higher than 4.0 eV, the imaginary part of the dielectric function increases with the increase of stress and a blueshift appears. There are two peaks in the absorption spectrum in an energy range of 4.0-13.0 eV. The stress coefficient of the band gap of n-type ZnO is larger than that of pure ZnO, which supplies the theoretical reference value for the modulation of the band gap of doped ZnO.展开更多
文摘Considering the control difficulties of a hydro-viscous trol algorithm was derived. A fuzzy-immune PID controller was soft start （HVSS） device of a belt conveyor, a fuzzy-immune con- designed based on immune feedback regulations and adaptability of the fuzzy logic inference. Using MATLAB software, we simulated the controller and compared the HVSS device with a conven- tional PID controller and a fuzzy PID controller. The simulation results show that the controller is not only very reliable as a PID controller, robust and requires only a short adjustment time of fuzzy control, but possesses also capacity of global optimization of the immune algorithm. To verify our theoretical analysis and simulation, a HVSS test-bed was developed. The experimental results demonstrate that the fuzzy-immune PID controller managed to start the belt conveyor softly and to follow an S-shaped curve while the output speed correctly followed the preset speed with only small fluctuations in speed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61076098)the Innovative Foundation for Doctoral Candidate of Jiangsu Province, China (Grant No. CX10B 252Z)
文摘The lattice, the band gap and the optical properties of n-type ZnO under uniaxial stress are investigated by first- principles calculations. The results show that the lattice constants change linearly with stress. Band gaps are broadened linearly as the uniaxial compressive stress increases. The change of band gap for n-type ZnO comes mainly from the contribution of stress in the c-axis direction, and the reason for band gap of n-type ZnO changing with stress is also explained. The calculated results of optical properties reveal that the imaginary part of the dielectric function decreases with the increase of uniaxial compressive stress at low energy. However, when the energy is higher than 4.0 eV, the imaginary part of the dielectric function increases with the increase of stress and a blueshift appears. There are two peaks in the absorption spectrum in an energy range of 4.0-13.0 eV. The stress coefficient of the band gap of n-type ZnO is larger than that of pure ZnO, which supplies the theoretical reference value for the modulation of the band gap of doped ZnO.
