MiR-106a targets ATG7 to inhibit autophagy and angiogenesis after myocardial infarction

Background:Myocardial infarction(MI)is an acute condition in which the heart mus-cle dies due to the lack of blood supply.Previous research has suggested that au-tophagy and angiogenesis play vital roles in the prevention of heart failure after MI,and miR-106a is considered to be an important regulatory factor in MI.But the specific mechanism remains unknown.In this study,using cultured venous endothelial cells and a rat model of MI,we aimed to identify the potential target genes of miR-106a and discover the mechanisms of inhibiting autophagy and angiogenesis.Methods:We first explored the biological functions of miR-106a on autophagy and angiogenesis on endothelial cells.Then we identified ATG7,which was the down-stream target gene of miR-106a.The expression of miR-106a and ATG7 was investi-gated in the rat model of MI.Results:We found that miR-106a inhibits the proliferation,cell cycle,autophagy and angiogenesis,but promoted the apoptosis of vein endothelial cells.Moreover,ATG7 was identified as the target of miR-106a,and ATG7 rescued the inhibition of autophagy and angiogenesis by miR-106a.The expression of miR-106a in the rat model of MI was decreased but the expression of ATG7 was increased in the infarction areas.Conclusion:Our results indicate that miR-106a may inhibit autophagy and angiogenesis by targeting ATG7.This mechanism may be a potential therapeutic treatment for MI.

Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌达芬奇机器人手术的疗效分析

背景与目的达芬奇机器人手术系统在胸外科的应用日益广泛,本研究旨在探讨经达芬奇机器人手术治疗I期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)患者的疗效。方法回顾2012年1月-2017年12月于我科行手术治疗的Ⅰ期NSCLC患者347例,依据手术方式分为机器人(robot-assisted thoracic surgery, RATS)组134例及腔镜(videoassisted thoracic surgery, VATS)组213例。比较两组患者围术期一般指标(术中出血量、术后引流量、术后带管时间、术后住院时间、淋巴结清扫状况),分析患者生存状况(overall survival, OS)、无进展生存状况(disease free survival, DFS)及相关影响因子。结果机器人组与腔镜组术中出血量[(49±39) mL vs (202±239) mL]、术后引流量[Day 1:(248±123)mL vs (350±213) mL; Day 2:(288±189) mL vs (338±189) mL]比较,机器人组均少于腔镜组(P<0.05);术后带管时间[(10±5) d vs (11±8) d]及住院时间[(13±6) d vs (14±9) d]两组患者无明显差异(P>0.05)。机器人组与腔镜组的淋巴结清扫组数[(5±2)组vs (4±2)组]及淋巴清扫数量[(18±9)枚vs(11±8)枚]比较,机器人组均优于腔镜组(P<0.05)。机器人组与腔镜组生存状况比较[1年生存率:97.3%vs 96%、3年生存率:89.8%vs 83.1%、5年生存率:87.5%vs 70.3%,平均生存时间(month):61 vs 59],两组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。无进展生存状况:机器人组与腔镜组比较[1年无进展生存率:93.7%vs 91.3%、3年无进展生存率:87.7%vs 68.4%、5年无进展生存率:87.7%vs 52.5%,平均无进展生存时间(month):61 vs 50],机器人组明显优于腔镜组(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,淋巴结清扫数量是患者生存状况的影响因子;肿瘤直径、手术方式、淋巴结清扫组数、淋巴结清扫数量为患者无进展生存状况的影响因子。多因素分析显示生存状况无独立影响因子,肿瘤直径及手术方式为无进展生存状况的独立影响因子。结论达芬奇机器人Ⅰ期非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存状况与腔镜手术无差异,但无进展生存状况优于腔镜手术;达芬奇机器人手术淋巴结清扫更彻底,同时术中出血量更少。

Estimating submarine groundwater discharge at a subtropical river estuary along the Beibu Gulf,China

In certain regions,submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)into the ocean plays a significant role in coastal material fluxes and their biogeochemical cycle;therefore,the impact of SGD on the ecosystem cannot be ignored.In this study,SGD was estimated using naturally occurring radium isotopes(^(223)Ra and ^(224)Ra)in a subtropical estuary along the Beibu Gulf,China.The results showed that the Ra activities of submarine groundwater were approximately 10 times higher than those of surface water.By assuming a steady state and using an Ra mass balance model,the SGD flux in May 2018 was estimated to be 5.98×10^(6) m^(3)/d and 3.60×10^(6) m^(3)/d based on 224Ra and 223Ra,respectively.At the same time,the activities of Ra isotopes fluctuated within a tidal cycle;that is,a lower activity was observed at high tide and a higher activity was seen at low tide.Based on these variations,the average tidal pumping fluxes of SGD were 1.15×10^(6) m^(3)/d and 2.44×10^(6) m^(3)/d with 224Ra and 223Ra,respectively.Tidaldriven SGD accounts for 24%-51%of the total SGD.Therefore,tidal pumping is an important driving force of the SGD in the Dafengjiang River(DFJR)Estuary.Furthermore,the SGD of the DFJR Estuary in the coastal zone contributes significantly to the seawater composition of the Beibu Gulf and the material exchange between land and sea.

Pt-confinement catalyst with dendritic hierarchical pores on excellent sulfur-resistance for hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene

Metal confinement catalyst Mo S_(2)/Pt@TD-6%Ti(TD,TS-1/Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles composite) in dendritic hierarchical pore structures was synthesized and showed excellent sulfur-resistance performance and stabilities in catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactions of probe sulfide molecules.The Mo S_(2)/Pt@TD-6%Ti catalyst combines the concepts of Pt-confinement effect and hydrogen spillover of Pt noble metal.The modified micropores of Mo/Pt@TD-6%Ti only allow the migration and dissociation of small H_(2) molecules(0.289 nm),and effectively keep the sulfur-containing compounds(e.g.H_(2)S,0.362 nm) outside.Thus,the Mo S_(2)/Pt@TD-6%Ti catalyst exhibits higher DBT and 4,6-DMDBT HDS activities because of the synergistic effect of the strong H_(2) dissociation ability of Pt and desulfurization ability of Mo S_(2) with a lower catalyst cost.This new concept combining H2dissociation performance of noble metal catalyst with the desulfurization ability of transition metal sulfide Mo S_(2) can protect the noble metal catalyst avoiding deactivation and poison,and finally guarantee the higher activities for DBT and 4,6-DMDBT HDS.

Iron-induced 3D nanoporous iron-cobalt oxyhydroxide on carbon cloth as a highly efficient electrode for oxygen evolution reaction

The development of highly efficient and cost-effective electrode materials for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)is crucial for water splitting technology.The increase in the number of active sites by tuning the morphology and structure and the enhancement of the reactivity of active sites by the incorporation of other components are the two main strategies for the enhancement of their catalytic performance.In this study,by combining these two strategies,a unique three-dimensional nanoporous Fe-Co oxyhydroxide layer coated on the carbon cloth(3D-FeCoOOH/CC)was successfully synthesized by in situ electro-oxidation methods,and directly used as a working electrode.The electrode,3D-FeCoOOH/CC,was obtained by the Fe doping process in(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2,followed by continuous in situ electro-oxidization in alkaline medium of“micro go chess piece”arrays on the carbon cloth(MCPAs/CC).Micro characterizations illustrated that the go pieces of MCPAs/CC were completely converted into a thin conformal coating on the carbon cloth fibers.The electrochemical test results showed that the as-synthesized 3D-FeCoOOH/CC exhibited enhanced activity for OER with a low overpotential of 259 mV,at a current density of 10 mA cm^–2,and a small Tafel slope of 34.9 mV dec^–1,as well as superior stability in 1.0 mol L^–1 KOH solution.The extensive analysis revealed that the improved electrochemical surface area,conductivity,Fe-Co bimetallic composition,and the unique 3D porous structure together contributed to the enhanced OER activity of 3D-FeCoOOH/CC.Furthermore,the synthetic strategy applied in this study could be extended to fabricate a series of Co-based electrode materials with the dopant of other transition elements.

Distinguishing the main components of submarine groundwater and estimating the corresponding fluxes based on radium tracing method—taking the Maowei Sea for example

Submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)is an important part in the land-sea interactions,which mainly contains three components:submarine fresh groundwater discharge(SFGD),tidal flat recirculated saline groundwater discharge(tidal flat RSGD)and subtidal recirculated saline groundwater discharge(subtidal RSGD).In order to make a more accurate assessment of the impact of SGD on coastal ecological environment,it is necessary to distinguish the main components of SGD.In this study,the Maowei Sea,located in the northern part of the Beibu Gulf,was selected as the study area.Based on the radium(Ra)tracing method,we present a new analytical method for distinguishing the three main components of SGD in this area combined with field data.The average daily flow along the coastline of the Maowei Sea of tidal flat RSGD was slightly higher than that of SFGD,and both two were on the magnitude of 1×10^(5)m^(3)/d.The average daily flow for the subtidal RSGD of the entire subtidal zone of the Maowei Sea reached to the magnitude of 1×10^(6)-1×10^(7)m^(3)/d.The long-term variation trend of terrestrial SGD is a valuable information for the study of the influence of terrigenous material on the coastal ecological environment.Based on the results of four sampling periods,it is found that the fluxes of SFGD and tidal flat RSGD in the Maowei Sea had good linear correlation with the net precipitation.As an example,January 2015 to August 2022 were selected as the study periods,and the variation trends of SFGD and tidal flat RSGD were calculated by linear function with net precipitation as the independent variable.The results showed that the flux of tidal flat RSGD was slightly higher than that of SFGD,and the difference between the two is larger in flood season while smaller in dry season.In general,in the coastal range of China,the total SGD flux in the Maowei Sea area is at a high level,and the SFGD flux is at a medium level.

Perspective on powder technology for all-solid-state batteries:How to pair sulfide electrolyte with high-voltage cathode

Sulfide solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted ever-increasing attention due to their superior roomtemperature ionic conductivity(~10^(-2) S cm^(-1)).Additionally,the integration of sulfide SEs and highvoltage cathodes is promising to achieve higher energy density.However,the incompatible interfaces between sulfide SEs and high-voltage cathodes have been one of the key factors limiting their applications.Therefore,this review presents a critical summarization of the interfacial issues in all-solid-state lithium batteries based on sulfide SEs and high-voltage cathodes and proposes strategies to stabilize the electrolyte/cathode interfaces.Moreover,the future research direction of electrolyte/cathode interfaces and application prospects of powder technology in sulfide-based ASSLBs were also discussed.

利用昆虫携带的花粉初探西藏入侵植物印加孔雀草在当地传粉网络中的地位

入侵植物在新生境中成功定殖后,通过利用当地传粉昆虫促进繁殖可以更好地保证种群的扩张,但是入侵植物在当地传粉网络中的角色和地位仍不是很清楚。本文利用西藏近年发现的入侵植物印加孔雀草(Tagetes minuta),分析其访花昆虫所携带的植物花粉种类,构建了植物花粉–传粉者网络,探讨印加孔雀草快速入侵和扩张的可能机制。结果表明印加孔雀草为泛化传粉系统,共有13种昆虫访花,其中12种携带有印加孔雀草花粉,所有花粉中印加孔雀草花粉数量占比为89.89%。12种印加孔雀草传粉昆虫中, 4种泛化传粉昆虫(1种蜂、2种食蚜蝇和1种蝇)是其主要传粉昆虫。本研究揭示印加孔雀草在较短时间内已经成功利用多种当地泛化传粉昆虫为其授粉,已顺利融入当地的传粉网络,今后需要更加重视对印加孔雀草的防控。

Inherently Chiral 6,7-Diphenyldibenzo [e,g][1,4]diazocine: Enantioselective Synthesis and Application as a Ligand Platform

Inherently chiral 6,7-diphenyldibenzo[e,g][1,4]diazocine(DDD)has been synthesized enantioselectively for the first time via chiral phosphoric acid(CPA)-catalyzed cyclocondensation of readily available[1,1′-biphenyl]-2,2′-diamine(1a)and benzil(2a)in 82%yield,with 98%ee under mild reaction conditions.The strategy could also be applied to racemic biaryl diamines through kinetic resolution.The unexpectedly high interconversion energy barriers between the enantiomers(ΔG=39.5 kcal/mol)and the chemical stability rendered DDD an ideal platform for developing new chiral ligands and catalysts.Unique inherently chiralDDD-based phosphoramidites,phosphoric acid,mono-and diphosphine ligands were prepared from optically pure diphenol derivative DDDOL as a common precursor.Preliminary asymmetric reactions catalyzed by Pd or Rh in the presence of newly developed ligands exhibited comparable or even better enantioselectivities than the corresponding BINOLor SPINOL-derived ligands.Density functional theory calculation revealed the origin of the enantioselectivity during the process.

A New Saddle-Shaped Aza Analog of Tetraphenylene: Atroposelective Synthesis and Application as a Chiral Acylating Reagent

(Z)-7-Aryl-5-acyldibenzo[e,g][1,4]diazocin-6(5H)-one,a unique saddle-shaped bridged biaryl containing synchronized aryl–aryl and N-aryl stereogenic axes,was constructed for the first time in good yields with up to 96%enantiomeric excess(ee).The threecomponent coupling reaction,involving aryl iodide,2,2′-diisocyano-1,1′-biphenyl,and carboxylate,constructs the eight-membered ring in an atroposelective manner through palladium-catalyzed double isocyanide insertion followed by C–Obond formation during reductive elimination and amide formation after acyl transfer.

The impact of China’s high-speed rail investment on regional economy and air pollution emissions

The high-speed rail(HSR)network in China has experienced rapid development since the 2000s.In 2016,the State Council of the People’s Republic of China issued a revised version of the“Mid-and Long-term Railway Network Plan”,detailing the expansion of the railway network and construction of an HSR system.In the future,the HSR construction efforts in China will further increase,which is considered to impact regional development and air pollutant emissions.Therefore,in this paper,we apply a transportation network-multiregional computable general equilibrium(CGE)model to estimate the dynamic effects of HSR projects on economic growth,regional disparities,and air pollutant emissions in China.The results indicate that HSR system improvement could generate a positive economic impact but could also increase emissions.The gross domestic product(GDP)growth per unit investment cost stimulated by HSR investment is found to be the largest in eastern China but the smallest in the northwest regions.Conversely,HSR investment in Northwest China contributes to a substantial reduction in regional disparities in terms of the GDP per capita.In regard to air pollution emissions,HSR construction in South-Central China results in the largest increase in CO_(2) and NO_(X) emissions,while for CO,SO_(2),and fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))emissions,the largest increase occurs due to HSR construction in Northwest China.At the regional level,the provinces with large changes in accessibility also experience large changes in their air pollutant emissions.

Primer Extension Reaction Assays for Incorporation of Deoxynucleotide Analogue into DNA

Incorporation of deoxynucleotide analogues into DNA is important for the expansion of DNA functions.Primer extension reactions are commonly used for the assay of such reaction events.However,current assay protocols generally rely on radiolabeling,fluorescence reporter labeling,or removal of specific deoxynucleotide triphosphate in the reaction mixture.Herein we report on the design of two novel assay protocols that utilize a dideoxynucleo-tide-terminated template strand and a phosphorothiolate-modified deoxynucleotide-terminated template strand.We designed and synthesized a deoxyuridine triphosphate analogue(dU^(*)TP)containing 2-bromoisobutyryl group and demonstrated that it could be well recognized byφ29DNA polymerase,E.coli DNA polymerase I Klenow Fragment,Bst DNA polymerase Large Fragment,and E.coli DNA polymerase I Klenow Fragment(exo^(−)),which translated to effective incorporation of dU^(*)TP into DNA.dU^(*)TP was also successfully incorporated into extremely long single-stranded DNA at high-density usingφ29 DNA polymerase by rolling circle amplification.

Insights into the mechanisms underlying the biodegradation of phenanthrene in biochar-amended soil:from bioavailability to soil microbial communities

The dynamic effect of biochar amendment in contaminated soil on the bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and microbial communities and how it comprehensively affects PAH biodegradation remain unclear.This study investigated the effects of wheat straw-derived biochars obtained at 300 and 500℃ at different amendment levels(0.03%and 0.3%)on the mineralization kinetics of phenanthrene with different initial concentrations(2 and 20 mg kg^(−1))in soil by indigenous microorganisms.The results revealed that the addition of biochar inhibited both the rates and extents of mineralization in low-concentration phenanthrene-contaminated soil(PLS)by 38.9-78.3%and 23.9-53.6%,respectively.This was because biochar amendment in the PLS greatly reduced the bioavailable fraction of phenanthrene for degradation owing to its strong sorption and also decreased that to specific degrading bacterial genera,which hindered their growth and reduced their abundances by 1.37-36.6%.However,biochar addition into the soil contaminated with high concentrations of phenanthrene(PHS)resulted in its effective mineralization and enhanced mineralization rates and extents at high amendment levels by 32.4-86.7%and 32.0-44.7%,respectively.This was because biochar amendment in the PHS significantly promoted the abundances of the total bacterial communities(29.9-80.4%)and potential degrading genera(1.89-25.9%)by providing nutrients and stimulated the specific PAH-degradative nidA gene abundance by 1-2 times.These findings will guide the use of biochar to remediate soils with different PAH pollution levels based on the two roles that they play(i.e.,immobilizing PAHs or facilitating PAH degradation).

A2Str: Molecular Graph Generation Based on Given Atoms

Molecular graph generation is an emerging area of research withnumerous applications. Most existing approaches generate new molecules bylearning a generative model from a collection of known molecules. However,how to obtain the molecular structure from its atomic composition is a problemto be solved. In this paper, it proposes an autoencoder-based model called A2Strwhich takes the atomic composition of a molecular as input. Its molecular structurewas generated and model structures were designed. The effects were verified oneby one. In addition, experiments were implemented with isomer generation anddetermined that the ratio of more than 3% of molecules with different structurescan be obtained from the same combination of atoms.