Variety Selection and Green Cultivation Technology of Courtyard Ornamental and Edible Peppers

In order to comply with the development trend of the multifunctional use of peppers,we conducted an investigation into the characteristics and features of varieties,potting management techniques,and the methods of extending the fruit ornamental period and other aspects of courtyard ornamental and edible peppers.A set of cultivation techniques suitable for courtyard ornamental and edible peppers has been developed,including timely sowing and seedling,nutrient soil preparation,water and fertilizer management,trimming and pruning,preservation of flowers and fruits,green prevention and control of diseases and pests,harvesting,and so on.

Boosting of reversible capacity delivered at a low voltage below 0.5 V in mildly expanded graphitized needle coke anode for a high-energy lithium ion battery

The rate performance and cycle stability of graphitized needle coke(GNC)as anode are still limited by the sluggish kinetics and volume expansion during the Li ions intercalation and de-intercalation process.Especially,the output of energy density for lithium ion batteries(LIBs)is directly affected by the delithiation capacity below 0.5 V.Here,the mildly expanded graphitized needle coke(MEGNC)with the enlarged interlayer spacing from 0.346 to 0.352 nm is obtained by the two-step mild oxidation intercalation modification.The voltage plateau of MEGNC anode below 0.5 V is obviously broadened as compared to the initial GNC anode,contributing to the enhancement of Li storage below the low voltage plateau.Moreover,the coin full cell and pouch full cell configured with MEGNC anode exhibit much enhanced Li storage ability,energy density and better cycling stability than those full cells configured with GNC and commercial graphite anodes,demonstrating the practical application value of MEGNC.The superior anode behaviors of MEGNC including the increased effective capacity at low voltage and superior cyclic stability are mainly benefited from the enlarged interlayer spacing,which not only accelerates the Li ions diffusion rate,but also effectively alleviates the volume expansion and fragmentation during the Li ions intercalation process.In addition,the above result is further confirmed by the density functional theory simulation.This work provides an effective modification strategy for the NC-based graphite to enhance the delithiation capacity at a low voltage plateau,dedicated to improving the energy density and durability of LIBs.

Extraordinary Compatibility to Mass Loading and Rate Capability of Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanorods Electrode Derived from the Waste Tire Pyrolysis Oil

The conversion of waste tire pyrolysis oil(WTPO)into S-doped porous carbon nanorods(labeled as WPCNs)with hierarchical pore structure is realized by a simple template-directed approach.The specific surface area of as-obtained porous carbon nanorods can reach up to 1448 m^(2) g^(−1) without the addition of any activating agent.As the capacitive electrode,WPCNs possess the extraordinary compatibility to capacitance,different electrolyte systems as well as long-term cycle life even at a commercial-level areal mass loading(10 mg cm^(−2)).Besides,only an extremely small capacitance fluctuation is observed under the extreme circumstance(−40 to 80℃),reflecting the excellent high-and low-temperature performance.The relationship between the pore structure and capacitive behavior is analyzed by comparing WPCNs with mesopores-dominated asphalt-derived porous carbon nanorods(APCNs)and micropores-dominated activated carbon.The molecular dynamics simulation further reveals the ion diffusion and transfer ability of the as-prepared carbon materials under different pore size distribution.The total ion flow(NT)of WPCNs calculated by the simulation is obviously larger than APCNs and the N_(T) ratio between them is similar with the experimental average capacitance ratio.Furthermore,this work also provides a valuable strategy to prepare the electrode material with high capacitive energy storage ability through the high value-added utilization of WTPO.

Porous carbon spheres anode with the stable output of low delithiation plateau and constant delithiation ratio for lithium ion hybrid capacitor

Porous carbon spheres derived from the facile hydrothermal treatment associated with the calcination process exhibit the good spherical morphology and unique porous structure.For the Li-based half-cell test,porous carbon spheres electrode not only exhibits larger reversible capacities and better compatibility as compared to the widely-used graphite,but also provides stable delithiation plateaus under different current density.Additionally,the delithiation ratio below 1 V almost accounts for a constant value(around 70%)with the increase of current density,evidencing that Li intercalation storage is the dominant model and Li insertion/extraction processes are propitious.The lithium ion hybrid capacitor configured with S-doped mesoporous graphene and porous carbon spheres as cathode and anode,delivers satisfied energy and power densities(up to 177 Wh kg^(−1) and 12,303 W kg^(−1),respectively)as well as long-term cyclability,which is superior to the corresponding S-doped mesoporous graphene//graphite and activated carbon//porous carbon spheres.In addition,the developed synthesis strategy is in favor of the realization of the scalable production of porous carbon spheres.