SEIAR模型在应急医疗物资动态分配优化中的应用

针对突发公共卫生事件中应急物资供应不足、分配不合理、配送效率低等问题给疫情防控带来的影响,用引入迁移率的传染病模型SEIAR(susceptible-exposed-infected-asymptomatic-recoverd,SEIAR)预测需求地不同时间段内受灾人数的动态变化,从而间接预测应急医疗物资的需求量;建立以需求地满足率最大化、运输时间最小化及总成本最小化为目标的多目标应急医疗物资动态分配模型。提出一种融合莱维飞行和非线性自适应惯性权重的改进鲸鱼优化算法,以提高算法寻优精度。以某地区新冠疫情发生状况为案例进行验证与仿真。结果表明,所构建的SEIAR模型具有较好的适应性,与传统的遗传算法(GA)、粒子群优化算法(PSO)相比,所提出的算法收敛速度更快,收敛精度更高。

Lupenone improves motor dysfunction in spinal cord injury mice through inhibiting the inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in microglia via the nuclear factor kappa B pathway

Spinal cord injury-induced motor dysfunction is associated with neuroinflammation.Studies have shown that the triterpenoid lupenone,a natural product found in various plants,has a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect in the context of chronic inflammation.However,the effects of lupenone on acute inflammation induced by spinal cord injury remain unknown.In this study,we established an impact-induced mouse model of spinal cord injury,and then treated the injured mice with lupenone(8 mg/kg,twice a day)by intrape ritoneal injection.We also treated BV2 cells with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine5’-triphosphate to simulate the inflammatory response after spinal cord injury.Our res ults showed that lupenone reduced IKBa activation and p65 nuclear translocation,inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome function by modulating nuclear factor kappa B,and enhanced the conve rsion of proinflammatory M1 mic roglial cells into anti-inflammatory M2 microglial cells.Furthermore,lupenone decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation,NLRP3-induced mic roglial cell polarization,and microglia pyroptosis by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B pathway.These findings suggest that lupenone protects against spinal cord injury by inhibiting inflammasomes.

Electric-controlled pressure relief valve for enhanced safety in liquid-cooled lithium-ion battery packs

The liquid-cooled battery energy sto rage system(LCBESS) has gained significant attention due to its superior thermal management capacity.However,liquid-cooled battery pack(LCBP) usually has a high sealing level above IP65,which can trap flammable and explosive gases from battery thermal runaway and cause explosions.This poses serious safety risks and challenges for LCBESS.In this study,we tested overcharged battery inside a commercial LCBP and found that the conventionally mechanical pressure relief valve(PRV) on the LCBP had a delayed response and low-pressure relief efficiency.A realistic 20-foot model of an energy storage cabin was constructed using the Flacs finite element simulation software.Comparative studies were conducted to evaluate the pressure relief efficiency and the influence on neighboring battery packs in case of internal explosions,considering different sizes and installation positions of the PRV.Here,a newly developed electric-controlled PRV integrated with battery fault detection is introduced,capable of starting within 50 ms of the battery safety valve opening.Furthermore,the PRV was integrated with the battery management system and changed the battery charging and discharging strategy after the PRV was opened.Experimental tests confirmed the efficacy of this method in preventing explosions.This paper addresses the safety concerns associated with LCBPs and proposes an effective solution for explosion relief.

企业绩效反馈对大股东隧道行为影响机理探究——企业所有制性质和市场化程度的调节作用

绩效反馈能够影响大股东隧道行为且受制于企业内部股权结构和外部市场环境的调节作用,但现有文献中缺乏探讨有关绩效反馈对大股东隧道行为影响机理方面的学术成果。笔者依据2011—2020年中国沪深A股市场中剔除了金融类等特殊类型企业后的上市公司数据,利用多元线性回归方法,实证检验绩效反馈对大股东隧道行为的影响及其过程中企业所有制性质和企业所在地区市场化程度的调节作用。结果证实:绩效反馈与大股东隧道行为之间存在显著的正U型关系;企业所有制性质和企业所在地区市场化程度对绩效反馈与大股东隧道行为之间的正U型关系具有调节作用,国有企业属性和企业所在地区市场化程度的提高会削弱两者之间的关系。本研究基于实证检验的研究结论,在一定程度上拓展了企业行为理论和代理理论的边际,丰富了绩效反馈和隧道行为方面的相关文献,为监管机构防治大股东隧道行为的具体实践提供了理论依据。

Comparison of Child-Pugh, MELD, MELD-Na, and ALBI Scores in Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with HCC

Background & Objectives: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) leads to high morbidity and mortality. Various models have been proposed for predicting the outcome of patients with HCC. We aim to compare the prognostic abilities of Child-Pugh, MELD, MELD-Na, and ALBI scores for predicting in-hospital mortality of HCC. Methods: We enrolled patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and HCC from May 2017 through May 2018. We further divided eligible patients into hepatitis B virus (HBV), patients without ascites, and patients with ascites subgroups. Areas under the characteristic curves (AUCs) were analyzed. Results: A total of 495 patients were included in the study. We collected data on patients at admission. A majority of patients were infected with HBV (91.5%). None of them were complicated with hepatic encephalopathy. Only 14.9% of patients presented with ascites. In the whole population, AUCs with 95% confidence interval (CI) of Child-Pugh, ALBI, MELD, and MELD-Na scores in predicting in-hospital mortality were 0.889 (95% CI: 0.858 - 0.915), 0.849 (95% CI: 0.814 - 0.879), 0.669 (95% CI: 0.626 - 0.711), and 0.721 (95% CI: 0.679 - 0.760), respectively. In the patients without ascites subgroup, Child-Pugh showed better discriminatory ability than ALBI score in predicting in-hospital mortality (P = 0.0002), while there were no significant differences among other comparisons. Conclusions: Child-Pugh and ALBI may be useful predictors for predicting in-hospital mortality in whole patients, in patients with HBV infection, and in patients without ascites. In HCC patients with ascites, MELD-Na may be effective for predicting in-hospital mortality.

股骨头旋转中心变异相关指标的影像学测量分析

目的:通过分析不同髋关节疾病的股骨头旋转中心变异情况为髋关节置换提供指导。方法:自2016年3月至2021年6月因各种原因拍射双髋关节正位等比例平片患者共5459例。测量股骨头旋转中心与大转子顶点的相对位置关系,高于大转子顶点2 mm以上为正变异,低于大转子顶点2 mm以上为负变异,共收集831例股骨头旋转中心变异的患者,按照不同疾病分为4组,其中正常组15例,10例为正变异,5例为负变异;股骨头缺血性坏死组145例,25例为正变异,120例为负变异;先天性髋关节发育不良组346例,正变异225例(其中CroweⅠ型25例,Ⅱ型70例,Ⅲ型115例,Ⅳ型15例),负变异121例(其中CroweⅠ型50例,Ⅱ型60例,Ⅲ型10例,Ⅳ型1例);髋关节骨性关节炎组325例,正变异45例,负变异280例。结果:各组患者组间比较,股骨头旋转中心变异情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),先天性髋关节发育不良组不同分型之间比较,股骨头旋转中心变异情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。股骨头旋转中心不同变异情况在颈干角、偏心距的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:股骨头旋转中心变异与颈干角和偏心距有关。股骨头旋转中心变异是髋关节疾患的重要因素。股骨头旋转中心变异在不同髋关节疾病中变异情况不同,股骨头缺血性坏死及髋关节骨关节炎多为负变异。随着先天性髋关节发育不良程度的加重,股骨头旋转中心变异逐渐由负变异转为正变异。髋关节置换术前计划时要注意股骨头旋转中心的变异情况,对选择合适的假体和准确的安放假体有重要意义。

临汾区块煤系地层泥页岩防塌钻井液技术研究

临汾区块煤系地层山西组泥页岩易发生井壁失稳,导致钻井非生产时效多,钻井周期长,是影响临汾区块致密气水平井钻井提速提效的主要原因之一。为解决泥页岩失稳问题,采用钻井岩心观察、扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析以及膨胀率和回收率测定等方法,分析了山西组泥页岩宏观、微观特征和理化特性,探讨了其对山西组泥页岩井壁稳定的影响。研究表明,山西组泥页岩在清水中浸泡7天后破裂,扫描电镜观察发现微裂缝宽度为0.32~7.69μm,黏土矿物中高岭石占比为37.2%、伊蒙混层占比为35.2%。为此,提出了强封堵、强抑制和低滤失量的防塌钻井液技术对策,形成了高性能防塌钻井液体系配方。评价表明,该体系老化后中压失水2.4 mL,高温高压失水8.8 mL,泥页岩膨胀率为0.73%,滚动回收率为99.3%。该体系已在临汾区块1口井进行了现场试验,应用效果良好,表明该技术能够有效解决脆性泥页岩的井壁失稳问题,具有推广应用价值。

大宁-吉县区块深层煤岩气水平井钻井技术

为了解决鄂尔多斯盆地东缘大宁-吉县区块深层煤岩气先导性试验区大平台钻井轨道设计困难、长裸眼段反复漏失、泥灰互层可钻性差、泥岩和煤岩易坍塌、水平段固井质量差等技术难题,从先导性试验区煤岩储层特征和岩石力学特性入手,开展了井眼轨道优化设计、防漏堵漏工艺技术、高性能PDC钻头设计、长裸眼段钻井液技术和固井工艺技术等关键技术的研究,形成大宁-吉县区块深层煤岩气水平井钻井技术。在先导性试验区25口水平井中应用结果表明:高性能PDC钻头平均进尺、平均机械钻速明显提升,复杂时效有效降低,钻井周期明显缩短,防漏堵漏提升明显,固井质量合格率100%,提质提效效果明显。研究成果可为鄂尔多斯盆地东缘深层煤岩气的有效动用提供技术支持,对我国其他深层煤岩气区块勘探开发具有一定的借鉴意义。

Combustion performance of pulverized coal and corresponding kinetics study after adding the additives of Fe_(2)O_(3) and CaO

Combustion performance of pulverized coal(PC)in blast furnace(BF)process is regarded as a criteria parameter to assess the prop-er injection dosage of PC.In this paper,effects of two kinds of additives,Fe_(2)O_(3) and CaO,on PC combustion were studied using the thermo-gravimetric method.The results demonstrate that both the Fe_(2)O_(3) and CaO can promote combustion performance index of PC including igni-tion index(C_(i)),burnout index(D_(b)),as well as comprehensive combustibility index(S_(n)).The S_(n) increases from 1.37×10^(−6) to 2.16×10^(−6)%2·min^(−2)·℃^(−3) as the Fe_(2)O_(3) proportion increases from 0 to 5.0wt%.Additionally,the combustion kinetics of PC was clarified using the Coats-Redfern method.The results show that the activation energy(E)of PC combustion decreases after adding the above additives.For instance,the E decreases from 56.54 to 35.75 kJ/mol when the Fe_(2)O_(3) proportion increases from 0 to 5.0wt%,which supports the improved combustion per-formance.Moreover,it is uneconomic to utilize pure Fe_(2)O_(3) and CaO in production.Based on economy analysis,we selected the iron-bearing dust(IBD)which contains much Fe_(2)O_(3) and CaO component to investigate,and got the same effects.Therefore,the IBD is a potential option for catalytic PC combustion in BF process.

In-situ 3D contour measurement for laser powder bed fusion based on phase guidance

In-situ layerwise imaging measurement of laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)provides a wealth of forming and defect data which enables monitoring of components quality and powder bed homogeneity.Using high-resolution camera layerwise imaging and image processing algorithms to monitor fusion area and powder bed geometric defects has been studied by many researchers,which successfully monitored the contours of components and evaluated their accuracy.However,research for the methods of in-situ 3D contour measurement or component edge warping identification is rare.In this study,a 3D contour mea-surement method combining gray intensity and phase difference is proposed,and its accuracy is verified by designed experiments.The results show that the high-precision of the 3D contours can be achieved by the constructed energy minimization function.This method can detect the deviations of common ge-ometric features as well as warpage at LPBF component edges,and provides fundamental data for in-situ quality monitoring tools.

Reverse gate leakage mechanism of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with Au-free gate

The reverse gate leakage mechanism of W-gate and Ti N-gate AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors(HEMTs)with N2plasma surface treatment is investigated using current–voltage(I–V)and capacitance–voltage(C–V)characteristics and theoretical calculation analysis.It is found that the main reverse gate leakage mechanism of both devices is the trapassisted tunneling(TAT)mechanism in the entire reverse bias region(-30 V to 0 V).It is also found that the reverse gate leakage current of the W-gate Al GaN/GaN HEMTs is smaller than that of the TiN gate at high reverse gate bias voltage.Moreover,the activation energies of the extracted W-gate and Ti N-gate AlGaN/GaN HEMTs are 0.0551 e V–0.127 eV and0.112 eV–0.201 eV,respectively.

Neuro-11:a new questionnaire for the assessment of somatic symptom disorder in general hospitals

Background Somatic symptom disorder(SSD)commonly presents in general hospital settings,posing challenges for healthcare professionals lacking specialised psychiatric training.The Neuro-11 Neurosis Scale(Neuro-11)offers promise in screening and evaluating psychosomatic symptoms,comprising 11 concise items across three dimensions:somatic symptoms,negative emotions and adverse events.Prior research has validated the scale’s reliability,validity and theoretical framework in somatoform disorders,indicating its potential as a valuable tool for SSD screening in general hospitals.Aims This study aimed to establish the reliability,validity and threshold of the Neuro-11 by comparing it with standard questionnaires commonly used in general hospitals for assessing SSD.Through this comparative analysis,we aimed to validate the effectiveness and precision of the Neuro-11,enhancing its utility in clinical settings.Methods Between November 2020 and December 2021,data were collected from 731 patients receiving outpatient and inpatient care at Shenzhen People’s Hospital in China for various physical discomforts.The patients completed multiple questionnaires,including the Neuro-11,Short Form 36 Health Survey,Patient Health Questionnaire 15 items,Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale.Psychiatry-trained clinicians conducted structured interviews and clinical examinations to establish a gold standard diagnosis of SSD.Results The Neuro-11 demonstrated strong content reliability and structural consistency,correlating significantly with internationally recognised and widely used questionnaires.Despite its brevity,the Neuro-11 exhibited significant correlations with other questionnaires.A test-retest analysis yielded a correlation coefficient of 1.00,Spearman-Brown coefficient of 0.64 and Cronbach’sαcoefficient of 0.72,indicating robust content reliability and internal consistency.Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the validity of the three-dimensional structure(p<0.001,comparative fit index=0.94,Tucker-Lewis index=0.92,root mean square error of approximation=0.06,standardised root mean square residual=0.04).The threshold of the Neuro-11 is set at 10 points based on the maximum Youden’s index from the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.In terms of diagnostic efficacy,the Neuro-11 has an area under the curve of 0.67.

中国石油乙烯技术专利群建设及推广案例分析

近年来,中国石油乙烯团队紧跟发展新方向,成功研发出百万吨乙烷裂解制乙烯技术、大型复杂原料制乙烯成套技术、乙烯高效节能技术及碳减排技术,各项工艺关键技术指标达到国际先进水平,部分达到国际领先水平。为保护自有技术的核心竞争力,制定了乙烯专利群建设计划,对各类相关专利申请进行梳理和布局,加强专利分析、知识产权风险预警,通过持续开发、申报、维护,逐步形成覆盖面广、保护有力的乙烯技术专利群。中国石油大型乙烯裂解技术专利已实现产业转化,成功应用于22个新建、改造乙烯项目中,并在推广应用中根据用户需求进一步升级和优化,形成了自有技术良性可持续发展路径,为探索知识产权与科技创新融合发展模型提供了案例支撑。

设置低温乙烯罐对乙烯装置液化能力的影响

总结了乙烯装置下游设置乙烯球罐和低温罐时,乙烯工艺流程正常操作和液化工况操作工艺流程与压缩机参数对比。当乙烯装置下游设置低温罐时,受限于压缩机选型,很难做到50%液化产品的能力,但可以通过降低装置操作负荷的方式使液相乙烯产品产量最大化。

货运站段装卸车作业标准化建设的实践探索

标准化作业是现场保安全、提质量的重中之重,如何更好落实标准化作业,是货运站段亟待解决的难点。通过分析货运站段标准化规范化建设工作的现状,针对货运规章缺少系统归纳、规章内容缺少线性指引、作业流程缺少货装融合等问题,创新性地按照装卸车品类、车种车型、装卸作业方式、技术条件等特点,以装卸车先后作业过程为时间轴,制定《装卸车作业流程及标准》,通过常态化落实《装卸车作业流程及标准》,增强货运干部职工业务水平,规范作业行为,提升现场作业标准化质量,确保铁路货物运输安全。

‘大红袍’李丰产栽培技术

‘大红袍’李,亲本不详。其果实较大,着色艳丽,口味香甜,品质佳,深受广大消费者的欢迎。2011年春,辽宁省盖州市梁屯镇朱村从大石桥市周家镇腰屯村引进‘大红袍’李苗木4 000株,建园4.8 hm^2,株行距3 m×4 m,授粉品种为‘龙园秋李’和‘美丽李’,主栽品种和授粉品种的配置比例为7∶1。2013年开始少量结果,2015年进入丰产期,2018年平均产果1 750 kg/666.7 m^2,平均售价12.00元/kg,经济效益较高。

基于贝叶斯网络的制造工人作业事故人为因素识别

针对复杂多样的事故原因对制造工人作业安全造成的影响,文中对制造工人作业事故报告的数据进行了收集整理,提取制造工人作业事故报告的风险因素,进行人为因素数据分析;构建基于数据驱动的作业事故模型,探究人为因素对事故类型的影响;进行敏感性分析验证模型有效性,通过情景分析构造高风险事故场景,揭示事故类型最可能发生的情况,帮助识别工人作业的潜在危害,为制造企业事故预防提供理论支持。

校企联姻筑巢育人,匠心培育筑梦兴牧——黑龙江农业经济职业学院畜牧兽医专业“三主体、三阶段、三融合”现代学徒制人才培养典型案例

黑龙江省是我国重要的畜牧业生产基地,习近平总书记在黑龙江省考察调研期间针对农业供给侧改革明确指出:加快推进一、二、三产业深度融合,切实发挥畜牧产业在粮头食尾、农头工尾中的桥梁纽带作用,把黑龙江省建设成全国重要的绿色、安全、放心、高品质食品供应基地。近年来,深圳金新农、广东温氏、江西正邦、四川天兆等企业生猪养殖项目纷纷落地投产黑龙江,截至2020年底,黑龙江省生猪存栏1 371.2万头,比上年增长16.9%;出栏1 790.0万头。

鄂尔多斯盆地甘谷驿油区延长组长6储层综合评价

运用先进的恒速压汞、核磁共振可动流体饱和度测试分析技术,结合常规储层物性等分析,系统的研究了鄂尔多斯盆地甘谷驿油区延长组长6油层组砂岩储层的岩石学特征、孔隙特征及孔渗分布特征等,进而对甘谷驿油区长6储层进行综合分类评价。研究结果表明,甘谷驿油区长6储层的岩性以细粒长石砂岩为主;储集空间类型以残余粒间孔和溶蚀孔为主;甘谷驿油区长6储层以微喉道为主,且储层流通性质的好坏主要受喉道大小的控制;储层内可动流体饱和度整体偏低。总体上,甘谷驿油区长6储层显示为低孔-超低渗的储层特征。结合甘谷驿油区长6储层的存储系数、地层系数和流动带指数等地质参数对储层进行多因素综合评价,认为甘谷驿油区长6储层最终可分为4类,并以Ⅲ类较差储层为主。

小梁网的干细胞移植治疗原发性开角型青光眼的研究进展

原发性开角型青光眼(primary open angle glaucoma,POAG)是以持续性眼压增高导致视神经损伤为主要临床表现的一种疾病,其发病机制复杂,尚未明确,现阶段临床治疗相对困难。影响眼内压(intraocular pressure,IOP)高低的重要因素是房水引流是否通畅,而房水引流途径中小梁网(trabecular meshwork,TM)起重要调控作用。TM细胞的形态、数量、结构和功能改变均可使房水外流阻力增大,从而导致IOP升高。研究证实诱导多功能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPSCs)、骨髓间充质干细胞(bone mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)和脂肪干细胞(adipose-derived stem cells,ADSCs)已被用于TM细胞的分化和再生,为POAG小梁网的干细胞替代治疗提供可靠的细胞来源。近年研究发现,小梁网干细胞(trabecular meshwork stem cells,TMSCs)在分化为TM细胞方面具有绝对优势,为细胞移植治疗青光眼提供新的靶向,这标志着干细胞治疗POAG进入一个新纪元,为青光眼治疗带来新的曙光。本文将对不同种类干细胞的小梁网移植进行综述,为细胞移植治疗POAG提供新思路。