P300 change and cognitive behavioral therapy in subjects with Internet addiction disorder A 3-month follow-up study

Event-related potential studies of cognitive function in addiction behaviors have focused on the P300 event-related potential component. The current study investigated the association between P300 component and Internet addiction disorder. We found that individuals with Internet addiction disorder exhibited significantly longer P300 latencies than controls （N2： P = 0.035; P3a： P = 0.031 P3b： P = 0.043） and similar P300 amplitudes compared to control participants. After 3 months of cognitive behavioral therapy, P300 latencies decreased significantly in the P3a and P3b （P3a： P = 0.045; P3b： P = 0.062）. These results suggest that deficits in cognitive function may be involved in Internet addiction disorder, and that clinical psychological treatment may be effective.

Design and evaluation of a novel transdermal patch containing diclofenac and teriflunomide for rheumatoid arthritis therapy

The aim of this study was to design a compound transdermal patch containing diclofenac(DA)and teriflunomide(TEF)for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).The various organic amines salts of DA were prepared and their forming was confirmed using DSC and FTIR.The percutaneous permeation of organic amines salt of DA was investigated in vitro using a two-chamber diffusion cell with excised rabbit skin as transdermal barrier.The formulation of the patch was optimized in terms of the concentration of percutaneous permeation enhancer and the loading dose of drugs.The pharmacokinetic behavior of the optimal formulation was studies in rabbits and the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the optimal patch were evaluated with the adjuvant arthritis model in rats and the pain model in mice,respectively.The result showed that skin penetration of diclofenactriethylamine(DA-TEtA)salt was better than other organic amine salts.Based on previous study of our laboratory,teriflunomide-triethylamine(TEF-TEtA)significantly enhanced the skin permeation of TEF.10%of azone(AZ)was the best enhancer for the two drugs.The optimal patch formulation was composed of 2%of TEF-TEtA,6%of DA-TEtA and 10%of AZ.The cumulative permeated amount of DA-TEtA in vitro was comparable with that of the commercial diclofenac-diethylamine(DA-DEtA)patch.The absolute bioavailability of TEFTEtA was 42%,which could achieve the therapeutic drug levels.In animal study,the optimized compound patch containing DA-TEtA and TEF-TEtA displayed significant antiinflammatory and analgesic effect,which indicated the potential of the compound patch.

Development of a topical ointment of betamethasone dipropionate loaded nanostructured lipid carrier

The purpose of this study was to design an innovative topical ointment containing betamethasone dipropionate loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (BD-NLC) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). BD-loaded NLC was produced with precirol ATO 5 and oleic oil (OA) by melt emulsification method. Effects of surfactant concentration, amount of solid lipid and liquid lipid on skin retention and skin penetration were investigated by in vitro percutaneous permeation experiment. The optimized BD-NLC showed a homogeneous particle size of 169.1 nm (with PI = 0.195), negatively charged surface (-23.4 mV) and high encapsulation efficiency (85%). Particle morphology assessed by TEM revealed a spherical shape. In vitro skin permeation study was carried out to investigate the percutaneous behaviors of W/O ointment with BD-NLC and Carbopol emulgel ointment with BD-NLC. W/O ointment with BDNLC showed high skin retention (35.43 μg/g) and low penetration (0.87 μg/ml). In vitro drug release studies were carried out to demonstrate the drug releasing properties of the two ointments. W/O ointment with BD-NLC showed an advantage for skin retention as it was better for drug release. The tissue distribution test suggested that BD distribution was skin > muscle > blood. Self-made topical ointment in mice showed no skin irritation. The animal experiments indicated that BD-loaded NLC ointment was effective and safe for topical use.

超支化聚醚阻垢剂的制备及性能

反渗透膜广泛应用于水体过滤和分离领域,但是水体中大量存在的微生物与金属离子会极大地降低其过滤和分离效果,加入阻垢剂是解决这一问题的主要途径。超支化聚合物阻垢剂具有优异的阻垢效果,但通常制备过程繁琐、生产能耗大、工业成本高。为此,文中选用2-丙烯酸-2-(二甲氨基)乙酯(DMAEA)和3-环氧-1-丙醇(GL)为单体,经自催化开环聚合和迈克尔加聚反应制备了端羟基超支化聚醚中间体(HBP-OH),并用丁二酸酐(SA)对其羧化成功制备了超支化聚醚阻垢剂(HBP-COOH)。通过核磁共振氢谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱等确定了HBP-OH和HBP-COOH的超支化结构;通过电导率和抗菌实验等对产物的阻垢和抗菌性能进行了研究。结果显示,在阻垢剂用量为30 mg/L、羧化温度70℃、羧化时间4 h、H2SO占GL质量2%时,HBPCOOH对CaCO垢抑制率高达91.2%、对CaSO垢抑制率达83.5%。阻垢剂对金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的抑制率为98.3%。

Superconductivity in electron-doped arsenene

Based on the first-principles density functional theory electronic structure calculation,we investigate the possible phonon-mediated superconductivity in arsenene,a two-dimensional buckled arsenic atomic sheet,under electron doping.We find that the strong superconducting pairing interaction results mainly from the pz-like electrons of arsenic atoms and the A1 phonon mode around the K point,and the superconducting transition temperature can be as high as 30.8 K in the arsenene with 0.2 doped electrons per unit cell and 12%-applied biaxial tensile strain.This transition temperature is about ten times higher than that in the bulk arsenic under high pressure.It is also the highest transition temperature that is predicted for electron-doped two-dimensional elemental superconductors,including graphene,silicene,phosphorene,and borophene.

异基因造血干细胞移植并发难治性呃逆一例

呃逆是指横膈膜和肋间肌的突然不自主、间歇性、痉挛性收缩,导致声门突然关闭,发出特征性的"嗝"声。呃逆大多数是急性发作、有自限性的良性疾病,持续性呃逆和顽固性呃逆分别指持续48 h以上和1个月以上的呃逆。实际上,呃逆持续大于24 h即可被认为是难治性的[1]。顽固性呃逆的病理生理学机制尚不完全清楚,目前认为与呃逆反射弧相关的神经损伤、刺激或炎症有关。导致难治性呃逆的原因包括胃肠道疾病、代谢异常、迷走神经刺激、中枢神经系统疾病、某些药物以及涉及胃或膈肌的手术。

Functionalization of in vivo tissue-engineered living biotubes enhance patency and endothelization without the requirement of systemic anticoagulant administration

Vascular regeneration and patency maintenance,without anticoagulant administration,represent key developmental trends to enhance small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVG)performance.In vivo engineered autologous biotubes have emerged as SDVG candidates with pro-regenerative properties.However,mechanical failure coupled with thrombus formation hinder translational prospects of biotubes as SDVGs.Previously fabricated poly(ε-caprolactone)skeleton-reinforced biotubes(PBs)circumvented mechanical issues and achieved vascular regeneration,but orally administered anticoagulants were required.Here,highly efficient and biocompatible functional modifications were introduced to living cells on PB lumens.The 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-methoxy(DMPE)-PEG-conjugated anti-coagulant bivalirudin(DPB)and DMPE-PEG-conjugated endothelial progenitor cell(EPC)-binding TPS-peptide(DPT)modifications possessed functionality conducive to promoting vascular graft patency.Co-modification of DPB and DPT swiftly attained luminal saturation without influencing cell viability.DPB repellent of non-specific proteins,DPB inhibition of thrombus formation,and DPB protection against functional masking of DPT’s EPC-capture by blood components,which promoted patency and rapid endothelialization in rat and canine artery implantation models without anticoagulant administration.This strategy offers a safe,facile,and fast technical approach to convey additional functionalization to living cells within tissue-engineered constructs.

短时间微重力池沸腾换热及其临界热流密度机理

研究了复合柱状微结构表面(PF30-60LP)在短时间微重力下的池沸腾传热性能,并与文献中的光滑表面和柱状微结构表面(PF30-60和PF50-120)进行对比.实验结果表明,微重力条件下, PF30-60PL的临界热流密度(critical heat flux, CHF)与光滑表面相比虽有提高,但却明显低于PF30-60和PF50-120,与常重力下所得实验结果存在明显差异.微重力条件下,由于浮力缺失,覆盖于加热表面的大气泡脱离周期远大于常重力条件.大气泡覆盖于表面时间过长,导致新鲜液体补给困难是造成微重力CHF显著降低的主要原因. PF30-60和PF50-120具备非常强的毛细芯吸作用,可显著提高加热面的侧向补液能力,因此其微重力下的CHF相比于光滑表面得到了十分显著的提高.而PF30-60PL由于较大面积光滑通道的存在,表面的毛细芯吸作用被削弱,因此其CHF介于光滑表面和柱状微结构表面之间.提高微重力池沸腾CHF,关键在于提高覆盖于加热面的大气泡的脱离频率和液体对加热表面的补给能力.可行的方法有降低液体工质表面张力或提高表面对液体的毛细芯吸性,通过外部施加电场或声场加速气泡脱离,强化Marangoni对流或采用局部加热法改变Marangoni力对气泡的作用力方向,通过调控气泡合并行为增大气泡合并后释放的表面能从而促进气泡脱离等.

Characterization of odorous charge and photochemical reactivity of VOC emissions from a full-scale food waste treatment plant in China

Food waste treatment plants （FWTPs） are usually associated with odorous nuisance and health risks, which are partially caused by volatile organic compound （VOC） emissions. This study investigated the VOC emissions from a selected full-scale FWTP in China. The feedstock used in this plant was mainly collected from local restaurants. For a year, the FWTP was closely monitored on specific days in each season. Four major indoor treatment units of the plant, including the storage room, sorting/crushing room, hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, and aerobic fermentation unit, were chosen as the monitoring locations. The highest mean concentration of total VOC emissions was observed in the aerobic fermentation unit at 21,748.2-31,283.3 μg/m^3, followed by the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit at 10,798.1-23,144.4 μg/m^3. The detected VOC families included biogenic compounds （oxygenated compounds, hydrocarbons, terpenes, and organosulfur compounds） and abiogenic compounds （aromatic hydrocarbons and halocarbons）. Oxygenated compounds, particularly alcohols, were the most abundant compounds in all samples. With the use of odor index analysis and principal components analysis, the hydrothermal hydrolysis and aerobic fermentation units were clearly distinguished from the pre-treatment units, as characterized by their higher contributions to odorous nuisance. Methanthiol was the dominant odorant in the hydrothermal hydrolysis unit, whereas aldehyde was the dominant odorant in the aerobic fermentation unit. Terpenes, specifically limonene, had the highest level of propylene equivalent concentration during the monitoring periods. This concentration can contribute to the increase in the atmospheric reactivity and ozone formation potential in the surrounding air.

Equicontinuity of Maps on a Dendrite with Finite Branch Points

Let （T, d） be a dendrite with finite branch points and f be a continuous map from T to T. Denote by w（x, f） and P（f） the w-limit set of x under f and the set of periodic points of f, respectively. Write Ω（x, f） = {yl there exist a sequence of points xk ∈ T and a sequence of positive integers n1 〈 n2 〈 … such that lim k→∞ Xk = X and lim k→∞ f nk （xk） = y}. In this paper, we show that the following statements are equivalent： （1） f is equicontinuous. （2） w（x, f） = Ω（x, f） for any x ∈ T. （3） ∩ ∞ n=1 f n（T） = P（f）, and w（x, f） is a periodic orbit for every x ∈ T and map h： x → w（x, f） （x ∈ T） is continuous. （4） Ω（x, f） is a periodic orbit for any x ∈ T.

Thermal property evaluation of a 2.5D integration method with device level microchannel direct cooling for a high-power GaN HEMT device

Gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor(GaN HEMT)devices have become critical components in the manufacturing of high-performance radio frequency(RF)or power electronic modules due to their superior characteristics,such as high electron saturation speeds and high power densities.However,the high heat characteristics of GaN HEMTs make device level cooling a critical problem to solve since performance degradation or even failure may occur under high temperatures.In this paper,we proposed a 2.5D integration method with devicelevel microchannel direct cooling for a high-power GaN HEMT device.To demonstrate this technological concept,a multigate GaN HEMT device featuring a gate length/width/source drain spacing of 0.5μm/300μm/6μm that underwent in-house backside thinning and metallization was used as the test vehicle.A high-resistivity silicon(HR Si)interposer embedded with four-layer microchannels was designed,having widths/pitches of 30μm/30μm at the top microchannel.The high-power GaN HEMT device was soldered on a Si interposer embedded with open microchannels for heat dissipation.A pair of GSG Pad chips was soldered simultaneously to display the capacity for the heterogeneous integration of other chip types.Thermal property evaluation was conducted with experiments and simulations.The test results showed that the maximum surface temperature of the GaN HEMT device decreased to 93.8°C when it experienced a heat dissipation density of 32 kW/cm^(2) in the gate finger area and an average heat dissipation density of 5 kW/cm^(2) was found in the active area with the DI water coolant at a flow rate of 3 mL/min.To our knowledge,among recently reported works,this finding was the best cooling capacity of heterogeneously integrated microchannels for GaN HEMT devices.In addition,this technology was scalable regarding the numbers of gate fingers or GaN HEMT devices.

LessNet:Lightweight and efficient semantic segmentation for large‐scale point clouds

With a wide range of applications in autonomous driving and robotics,semantic seg-mentation for large‐scale outdoor point clouds is a critical and challenging issue.Due to the large number and irregular arrangement of point clouds,it is difficult to balance the efficiency and effectiveness.In this paper,we propose LessNet,a lightweight and efficient voxel‐based method for LiDAR‐only semantic segmentation,taking advantage of cylin-drical partition and intra‐voxel feature fusion.Specifically,we use a cylindrical partition method to distribute the outdoor point clouds more evenly in voxels.To better encode the voxel features,we adopt an intra‐voxel aggregation method without querying neighbours.The voxel features are further input into a lightweight and effective 3D U‐net to aggregate local features and dilate the receptive field.Extensive experiments prove the satisfied semantic segmentation performance and the improvement of each component in our proposed framework.Our method is capable of processing more than one million point clouds at a time while retaining low latency and few parameters.Moreover,our method achieves comparable performance with state‐of‐the‐art approaches and out-performs all projection‐based methods on the SemanticKITTI benchmark.