Currently,glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)has been considered as the key player for the insulin-stimulated glucose transport in the muscle and adipose tissues.The development of recombinant DNA techniques allows the creat...Currently,glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)has been considered as the key player for the insulin-stimulated glucose transport in the muscle and adipose tissues.The development of recombinant DNA techniques allows the creations of genetically knockout,knockdown and transgenic animals and cells for the study of GLUT4’s physiological functions.Here,we have used key words to search the PubMed and summarized the methods used in Slc2a4 gene knockout,GLUT4 knockdown and overexpression in the whole body and tissue specific manner.The whole body GLUT4-null mice have growth retardation,but normal glucose tolerance and basal glucose turnover rates.Compared with whole body Slc2a4 knockout mice,adipose and muscle double knockout mice have impaired insulin tolerance and glucose intolerance.The results of GLUT4 knockdown in 3T3-L1 adipocytes have shown that its expression is needed for lipogenesis after,but not during,differentiation.Transgenic mice with the whole body GLUT4 overexpression have normal body weight and lowered blood glucose level.The adipose tissue specific overexpression of GLUT4 leads to increases in mouse body weight and adipose tissue weight.The insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in the skeletal muscle contributes to the regulation of glucose homeostasis.Data from both transgenic overexpression and tissue specific Slc2a4 knockout indicate that GLUT4 probably plays a role in the glucose uptake in the fasting state.More studies are warranted to use advanced molecular biology tools to decipher the roles of GLUT4 in the control of glucose homeostasis.展开更多
文摘Currently,glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)has been considered as the key player for the insulin-stimulated glucose transport in the muscle and adipose tissues.The development of recombinant DNA techniques allows the creations of genetically knockout,knockdown and transgenic animals and cells for the study of GLUT4’s physiological functions.Here,we have used key words to search the PubMed and summarized the methods used in Slc2a4 gene knockout,GLUT4 knockdown and overexpression in the whole body and tissue specific manner.The whole body GLUT4-null mice have growth retardation,but normal glucose tolerance and basal glucose turnover rates.Compared with whole body Slc2a4 knockout mice,adipose and muscle double knockout mice have impaired insulin tolerance and glucose intolerance.The results of GLUT4 knockdown in 3T3-L1 adipocytes have shown that its expression is needed for lipogenesis after,but not during,differentiation.Transgenic mice with the whole body GLUT4 overexpression have normal body weight and lowered blood glucose level.The adipose tissue specific overexpression of GLUT4 leads to increases in mouse body weight and adipose tissue weight.The insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in the skeletal muscle contributes to the regulation of glucose homeostasis.Data from both transgenic overexpression and tissue specific Slc2a4 knockout indicate that GLUT4 probably plays a role in the glucose uptake in the fasting state.More studies are warranted to use advanced molecular biology tools to decipher the roles of GLUT4 in the control of glucose homeostasis.
