Objective: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via the radial artery access has more advantages than that of femoral artery access, while radial or (and) brachial artery have tendency to be spasmodic. We sought t...Objective: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via the radial artery access has more advantages than that of femoral artery access, while radial or (and) brachial artery have tendency to be spasmodic. We sought to investigate the effectiveness and safety of guiding catheter crossing over spasmodic radial or (and) brachial artery segments by the aid of PCI wire and balloon compared with traditional anti-spasmodic approach. Methods: The clinical data of 168 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (group A), whose PCI was performed via radial artery access with radial or (and) brachial artery spasm or (and) dissection and guiding catheter passing through spasmodic segments successfully by the aid of PCI guiding wire and balloon were analyzed retrospectively, simultaneously, the other 73 patients (group B) who used conventional approach to cross over the spasmodic radial or (and) brachial artery segments were treated as the control. The success rate, the time consumption and the complication were compared between the two groups. Findings: There was no significant difference in the spasmodic site between the two groups (all p value > 0.05). The success rate in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (168(100%) vs 28 (38.4%), p (4.2%) vs 14 (19.2%), p Conclusions: It is more effective and safer for guiding catheter crossing over spasmodic or (and) dissected radial or (and) brachial artery segments by the aid of PCI guiding wire and balloon than using the routine approach of administration of anti-spasm drugs for trans-radial PCI.展开更多
Shallow planting of the rice seedlings is an important factor for getting high yield as it can increase the effective tillers on the lownode of the stem. The 2 ZB-79 shallow rice seedling transplanter combined the adv...Shallow planting of the rice seedlings is an important factor for getting high yield as it can increase the effective tillers on the lownode of the stem. The 2 ZB-79 shallow rice seedling transplanter combined the advantages of shallow planting of the seedling-casting rice transplanter and orderly planting of the traditional rice transplanter. The principle of this kind of machine is firstly to cut the standardization nursery rice seedlings with rug soil into many small pieces,and then to plant the small pieces composed of pot soil and some seedlings on it to the field surface in order,only shallowly planted on the very top part of paddy soil. Not only it can keep the performance of planting shallowly and orderly,but also simplify many mechanisms for transition,separation,and plantation of rice seedlings. It is a new type of rice seedling transplanter called laying-type up to now to get higher efficiency when working and higher yield for rice production. This paper will introduce its developing results and analyze the comparative experiments.展开更多
Objectives Recent studies have described regional differences in the electrophysiology and pharmacology of ventric- ular myocardium in canine, feline, rat, guinea pig, and human hearts. This has been shown to be due t...Objectives Recent studies have described regional differences in the electrophysiology and pharmacology of ventric- ular myocardium in canine, feline, rat, guinea pig, and human hearts. This has been shown to be due to a smaller IKs and a lager sodium-calcium exchange current (INa-Ca) and late INa in M region ( deep subepicardial to midmyocardial). Studies from our laboratory have found a new repolarization current-nonselective cation current (NSCCs) existing in rabbit fight ventricular myocytes. Methods We examined the characteristics of NSCCs in epicardial, M region, and endocardial cells isolated from the rabbit left ventricle with standard microelectrode and whole-cell patch-clamp tech- niques. The permeability to Na^+ , K^+ , Li^+ , Cs^+ but not to Cl^- indicating that it was a nonselective cation current. Gd^+3 (0. 1 mmol/1) and La^3+ (0. 1 retool/1 ) can block the current markedly. Results Further characterization of NSCCs was significantly smaller in M cells than in epicardial and endocardial cells. NSCCs current density was significantly smaller in M cells than in epicardial and endocardial cells. With repolarization to - 80 mV, INa current density was ( -0. 44 ±0. 05) PA/PF in endocardial cells, ( -0. 12 ±0. 05) PA/PF in M cells and ( - 0. 28 ±0. 07) PA/PF in epicardial cells ; and with repolarization to + 30 mV, INa, current density was ( 1.09 ± 0. 29) PA/PF in endocardial cells, (0. 38±0. 09) PA/PF in M cells and (0. 91 ± 0. 32) PA/PF in epicardial cells. Conclusions Transmural dispersion of repolarization was due to the heterogeneity of NSCCs in rabbit left ventricle epicardial, endocardial myocytes and M cells. These findings may advance our understanding of the ionic basis for our understanding of factors contributing to the development of cardiac arrhythmias.展开更多
磁场触发的催化剂轨道电子自旋排列已成为促进析氧反应的一种有趣而可行的策略.然而,具有强d-d库仑相互作用的高熵合金(HEAs)催化剂中的磁场增强机制尚未得到充分挖掘.在此,我们设计了具有优异软磁性的高熵合金金属片,在微小磁场下表现...磁场触发的催化剂轨道电子自旋排列已成为促进析氧反应的一种有趣而可行的策略.然而,具有强d-d库仑相互作用的高熵合金(HEAs)催化剂中的磁场增强机制尚未得到充分挖掘.在此,我们设计了具有优异软磁性的高熵合金金属片,在微小磁场下表现出显著的磁场增强催化作用,其磁导率可作为评估磁场增强的描述因子.具体地,仅施加50 mT的磁场,(FeCoNi)_(82.5)Cr_(17.5)HEAs的过电位下降就超过了36mV@10 mA cm^(-2).此外,过电位的降低与HEA的磁导率呈线性关系.原位拉曼光谱与理论计算结果表明,施加磁场可显著提高自旋密度,改善催化剂的3d电子与*O自由基的2p轨道之间的自旋相互作用,从而有效降低速率决定步骤(*O→*OOH)的能量障碍,进而促进O-O的形成.展开更多
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2)inhibitors have been reapproved for heart failure(HF)therapy in patients with and without diabetes.However,the initial glucose-lowering indication of SGLT2i has impeded their uses ...Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2)inhibitors have been reapproved for heart failure(HF)therapy in patients with and without diabetes.However,the initial glucose-lowering indication of SGLT2i has impeded their uses in cardiovascular clinical practice.A challenge of SGLT2i then becomes how to separate their anti-HF activity from glucose-lowering side-effect.To address this issue,we conducted structural repurposing of EMPA,a representative SGLT2 inhibitor,to strengthen anti-HF activity and reduce the SGLT2-inhibitory activity according to structural basis of inhibition of SGLT2.Compared to EMPA,the optimal derivative JX01,which was produced by methylation of C2—OH of the glucose ring,exhibited weaker SGLT2-inhibitory activity(IC_(50)>100 nmol/L),and lower glycosuria and glucose-lowering side-effect,better NHE1-inhibitory activity and cardioprotective effect in HF mice.Furthermore,JX01 showed good safety profiles in respect of single-dose/repeat-dose toxicity and hERG activity,and good pharmacokinetic properties in both mouse and rat species.Collectively,the present study provided a paradigm of drug repurposing to discover novel anti-HF drugs,and indirectly demonstrated that SGLT2-independent molecular mechanisms play an important role in cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.展开更多
The design of efficient iron-based catalysts remains a great challenge for selective cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanone under mild conditions.Because of the complex distribution of iron location on the support,the...The design of efficient iron-based catalysts remains a great challenge for selective cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanone under mild conditions.Because of the complex distribution of iron location on the support,the selectivity is always low.Here,we report a general strategy to selectively deposit highly-dispersed FeO_(x) into the micropore of ZSM-5 by atomic layer deposition(ALD).The framework of ZSM-5 and the Bronsted acid sites are intact during ALD,and the Fe species are selectively deposited onto the defect and Lewis acid sites of ZSM-5.Besides,more Fe–O–Si bonds are formed over FeO_(x)/ZSM-5 with a low loading of Fe,while FeO_(x) nanoparticles are generated at high Fe loading.They cannot be realized by the traditional solution method.The obtained FeO_(x)/ZSM-5 catalysts perform high selectivity of cyclohexanone(92%–97%),and ALD cycle numbers of FeO_(x) control the activity.Compared with the Fe nanoparticles,the Fe–O–Si species performs higher turnover frequency and stability in the oxidation reaction.展开更多
Striking effects are expected in solid-solution alloying,which offers enormous possibilities for various applications,especially in industrial catalysis.However,phase diagrams have revealed that a wide range of metall...Striking effects are expected in solid-solution alloying,which offers enormous possibilities for various applications,especially in industrial catalysis.However,phase diagrams have revealed that a wide range of metallic elements are immiscible with each other even above their melting points.Achieving such unknown alloying between different immiscible metallic elements is highly desirable but challenging.Here,for the first time,by using an innovative solid ligand-assisted approach,we achieve the solid-solution alloying between the bulk-immiscible Au and Rh in plenty of clean,ultrafine(∼1.6 nm)and highly dispersed nanoclusters.The solid-solution alloying of immiscible Au and Rh significantly enhances their catalytic performance toward the hydrogen evolution from formic acid in contrast to the monometallic Au and Rh nanoclusters.Moreover,the resultant binary solid-solution nanoclusters are stable without any segregation during catalytic reactions.The approach demonstrated here for homogeneously mixing the immiscible metals at the atomic scale will benefit the creation of advanced alloys and their catalytic applications in future.展开更多
Downsizing noble metal nanoparticles,such as Pt,is an essential goal for many catalytic reactions.A non-noble metal sacrificial approach was used to immobilize monodispersed Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean size o...Downsizing noble metal nanoparticles,such as Pt,is an essential goal for many catalytic reactions.A non-noble metal sacrificial approach was used to immobilize monodispersed Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean size of 1.2 nm on reduced graphene oxide (RGO).ZnO co-precipitated with Pt NPs and subsequently sacrificed by acid etching impedes the diffusion of Pt atoms onto the primary Pt particles and also their aggregation during the reduction of precursors.The resulting ultrafine Pt nanoparticles exhibit high activity (a turnover frequency of 284 min-1 at 298 K) in the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane.The non-noble metal sacrificial approach is demonstrated as a general approach to synthesize well-dispersed noble metal NPs for catalysis.展开更多
Radiofrequency(RF)catheter ablation has emerged as an effective alternative for the treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF),but ablation lesions will result in swelling and hematoma of local surrounding tissue,triggering...Radiofrequency(RF)catheter ablation has emerged as an effective alternative for the treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF),but ablation lesions will result in swelling and hematoma of local surrounding tissue,triggering inflammatory cell infiltration and increased release of inflammatory cytokines.Some studies have shown that the inflammatory response may be related to the early occurrence of AF.The most direct way to inhibit perioperative inflammation is to use anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoids.Here,we prepared polylactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)nanoparticles loaded with budesonide(BUD)and delivered them through irrigation of saline during the onset of ablation.Local high temperature promoted local rupture of PLGA nanoparticles,releasing BUD,and produced a timely and effective local myocardial anti-inflammatory effect,resulting in the reduction of acute hematoma and inflammatory cell infiltration and the enhancement of ablation effect.Nanoparticles would also infiltrate into the local myocardium and gradually release BUD ingredients to produce a continuous antiinflammatory effect in the next few days.This resulted in a decrease in the level of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and an increase of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.This study explored an extraordinary drug delivery strategy to reduce ablation-related inflammation,which may prevent early recurrence of AF.展开更多
文摘Objective: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via the radial artery access has more advantages than that of femoral artery access, while radial or (and) brachial artery have tendency to be spasmodic. We sought to investigate the effectiveness and safety of guiding catheter crossing over spasmodic radial or (and) brachial artery segments by the aid of PCI wire and balloon compared with traditional anti-spasmodic approach. Methods: The clinical data of 168 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (group A), whose PCI was performed via radial artery access with radial or (and) brachial artery spasm or (and) dissection and guiding catheter passing through spasmodic segments successfully by the aid of PCI guiding wire and balloon were analyzed retrospectively, simultaneously, the other 73 patients (group B) who used conventional approach to cross over the spasmodic radial or (and) brachial artery segments were treated as the control. The success rate, the time consumption and the complication were compared between the two groups. Findings: There was no significant difference in the spasmodic site between the two groups (all p value > 0.05). The success rate in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (168(100%) vs 28 (38.4%), p (4.2%) vs 14 (19.2%), p Conclusions: It is more effective and safer for guiding catheter crossing over spasmodic or (and) dissected radial or (and) brachial artery segments by the aid of PCI guiding wire and balloon than using the routine approach of administration of anti-spasm drugs for trans-radial PCI.
基金Brand Discipline Construction Project of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(PPZY2015A087)
文摘Shallow planting of the rice seedlings is an important factor for getting high yield as it can increase the effective tillers on the lownode of the stem. The 2 ZB-79 shallow rice seedling transplanter combined the advantages of shallow planting of the seedling-casting rice transplanter and orderly planting of the traditional rice transplanter. The principle of this kind of machine is firstly to cut the standardization nursery rice seedlings with rug soil into many small pieces,and then to plant the small pieces composed of pot soil and some seedlings on it to the field surface in order,only shallowly planted on the very top part of paddy soil. Not only it can keep the performance of planting shallowly and orderly,but also simplify many mechanisms for transition,separation,and plantation of rice seedlings. It is a new type of rice seedling transplanter called laying-type up to now to get higher efficiency when working and higher yield for rice production. This paper will introduce its developing results and analyze the comparative experiments.
文摘Objectives Recent studies have described regional differences in the electrophysiology and pharmacology of ventric- ular myocardium in canine, feline, rat, guinea pig, and human hearts. This has been shown to be due to a smaller IKs and a lager sodium-calcium exchange current (INa-Ca) and late INa in M region ( deep subepicardial to midmyocardial). Studies from our laboratory have found a new repolarization current-nonselective cation current (NSCCs) existing in rabbit fight ventricular myocytes. Methods We examined the characteristics of NSCCs in epicardial, M region, and endocardial cells isolated from the rabbit left ventricle with standard microelectrode and whole-cell patch-clamp tech- niques. The permeability to Na^+ , K^+ , Li^+ , Cs^+ but not to Cl^- indicating that it was a nonselective cation current. Gd^+3 (0. 1 mmol/1) and La^3+ (0. 1 retool/1 ) can block the current markedly. Results Further characterization of NSCCs was significantly smaller in M cells than in epicardial and endocardial cells. NSCCs current density was significantly smaller in M cells than in epicardial and endocardial cells. With repolarization to - 80 mV, INa current density was ( -0. 44 ±0. 05) PA/PF in endocardial cells, ( -0. 12 ±0. 05) PA/PF in M cells and ( - 0. 28 ±0. 07) PA/PF in epicardial cells ; and with repolarization to + 30 mV, INa, current density was ( 1.09 ± 0. 29) PA/PF in endocardial cells, (0. 38±0. 09) PA/PF in M cells and (0. 91 ± 0. 32) PA/PF in epicardial cells. Conclusions Transmural dispersion of repolarization was due to the heterogeneity of NSCCs in rabbit left ventricle epicardial, endocardial myocytes and M cells. These findings may advance our understanding of the ionic basis for our understanding of factors contributing to the development of cardiac arrhythmias.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52188101,Cheng HM,22275205,Peng J)Shenzhen Basic Research Project(JCYJ20200109144616617,Cheng HM)+5 种基金the Science and Technology Foundation of Shenzhen(JCYJ20220530154404010,Peng J)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023B1515020102,Peng J2022A1515110408,Chen ZJ)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M713270,Chen ZJ)the Cross Institute Joint Research Youth Team Project of SIAT(E25427,Peng J)supported by the public computing service platform provided by the Network and Computing Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology。
文摘磁场触发的催化剂轨道电子自旋排列已成为促进析氧反应的一种有趣而可行的策略.然而,具有强d-d库仑相互作用的高熵合金(HEAs)催化剂中的磁场增强机制尚未得到充分挖掘.在此,我们设计了具有优异软磁性的高熵合金金属片,在微小磁场下表现出显著的磁场增强催化作用,其磁导率可作为评估磁场增强的描述因子.具体地,仅施加50 mT的磁场,(FeCoNi)_(82.5)Cr_(17.5)HEAs的过电位下降就超过了36mV@10 mA cm^(-2).此外,过电位的降低与HEA的磁导率呈线性关系.原位拉曼光谱与理论计算结果表明,施加磁场可显著提高自旋密度,改善催化剂的3d电子与*O自由基的2p轨道之间的自旋相互作用,从而有效降低速率决定步骤(*O→*OOH)的能量障碍,进而促进O-O的形成.
基金supported by the National key R&D Program of China(2021YFA0804904)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22107030)+4 种基金the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M681211)the Shanghai Morning Light Program(20CG36,China)the Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism(2021 Sci&Tech 03-28,China)the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZDCX20212702,China)the Chinese Special Fund for State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering(2060204)。
文摘Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT2)inhibitors have been reapproved for heart failure(HF)therapy in patients with and without diabetes.However,the initial glucose-lowering indication of SGLT2i has impeded their uses in cardiovascular clinical practice.A challenge of SGLT2i then becomes how to separate their anti-HF activity from glucose-lowering side-effect.To address this issue,we conducted structural repurposing of EMPA,a representative SGLT2 inhibitor,to strengthen anti-HF activity and reduce the SGLT2-inhibitory activity according to structural basis of inhibition of SGLT2.Compared to EMPA,the optimal derivative JX01,which was produced by methylation of C2—OH of the glucose ring,exhibited weaker SGLT2-inhibitory activity(IC_(50)>100 nmol/L),and lower glycosuria and glucose-lowering side-effect,better NHE1-inhibitory activity and cardioprotective effect in HF mice.Furthermore,JX01 showed good safety profiles in respect of single-dose/repeat-dose toxicity and hERG activity,and good pharmacokinetic properties in both mouse and rat species.Collectively,the present study provided a paradigm of drug repurposing to discover novel anti-HF drugs,and indirectly demonstrated that SGLT2-independent molecular mechanisms play an important role in cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21872160,U1832208)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(21825204)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0700101 and 2018YFB1501602)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2017204)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(201901D211591)。
文摘The design of efficient iron-based catalysts remains a great challenge for selective cyclohexane oxidation to cyclohexanone under mild conditions.Because of the complex distribution of iron location on the support,the selectivity is always low.Here,we report a general strategy to selectively deposit highly-dispersed FeO_(x) into the micropore of ZSM-5 by atomic layer deposition(ALD).The framework of ZSM-5 and the Bronsted acid sites are intact during ALD,and the Fe species are selectively deposited onto the defect and Lewis acid sites of ZSM-5.Besides,more Fe–O–Si bonds are formed over FeO_(x)/ZSM-5 with a low loading of Fe,while FeO_(x) nanoparticles are generated at high Fe loading.They cannot be realized by the traditional solution method.The obtained FeO_(x)/ZSM-5 catalysts perform high selectivity of cyclohexanone(92%–97%),and ALD cycle numbers of FeO_(x) control the activity.Compared with the Fe nanoparticles,the Fe–O–Si species performs higher turnover frequency and stability in the oxidation reaction.
文摘Striking effects are expected in solid-solution alloying,which offers enormous possibilities for various applications,especially in industrial catalysis.However,phase diagrams have revealed that a wide range of metallic elements are immiscible with each other even above their melting points.Achieving such unknown alloying between different immiscible metallic elements is highly desirable but challenging.Here,for the first time,by using an innovative solid ligand-assisted approach,we achieve the solid-solution alloying between the bulk-immiscible Au and Rh in plenty of clean,ultrafine(∼1.6 nm)and highly dispersed nanoclusters.The solid-solution alloying of immiscible Au and Rh significantly enhances their catalytic performance toward the hydrogen evolution from formic acid in contrast to the monometallic Au and Rh nanoclusters.Moreover,the resultant binary solid-solution nanoclusters are stable without any segregation during catalytic reactions.The approach demonstrated here for homogeneously mixing the immiscible metals at the atomic scale will benefit the creation of advanced alloys and their catalytic applications in future.
文摘Downsizing noble metal nanoparticles,such as Pt,is an essential goal for many catalytic reactions.A non-noble metal sacrificial approach was used to immobilize monodispersed Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with a mean size of 1.2 nm on reduced graphene oxide (RGO).ZnO co-precipitated with Pt NPs and subsequently sacrificed by acid etching impedes the diffusion of Pt atoms onto the primary Pt particles and also their aggregation during the reduction of precursors.The resulting ultrafine Pt nanoparticles exhibit high activity (a turnover frequency of 284 min-1 at 298 K) in the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane.The non-noble metal sacrificial approach is demonstrated as a general approach to synthesize well-dispersed noble metal NPs for catalysis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61875015,T2125003,82100335,81870310,and 81200194)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA16021101)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ20038 and L212010).
文摘Radiofrequency(RF)catheter ablation has emerged as an effective alternative for the treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF),but ablation lesions will result in swelling and hematoma of local surrounding tissue,triggering inflammatory cell infiltration and increased release of inflammatory cytokines.Some studies have shown that the inflammatory response may be related to the early occurrence of AF.The most direct way to inhibit perioperative inflammation is to use anti-inflammatory drugs such as glucocorticoids.Here,we prepared polylactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)nanoparticles loaded with budesonide(BUD)and delivered them through irrigation of saline during the onset of ablation.Local high temperature promoted local rupture of PLGA nanoparticles,releasing BUD,and produced a timely and effective local myocardial anti-inflammatory effect,resulting in the reduction of acute hematoma and inflammatory cell infiltration and the enhancement of ablation effect.Nanoparticles would also infiltrate into the local myocardium and gradually release BUD ingredients to produce a continuous antiinflammatory effect in the next few days.This resulted in a decrease in the level of inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and an increase of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10.This study explored an extraordinary drug delivery strategy to reduce ablation-related inflammation,which may prevent early recurrence of AF.