目的:应用生物信息学方法和实验验证确定转录因子TFAP2C在人类膀胱癌中的作用。方法:通过TCGA、Oncomine、GEPIA、The Human Protein Altas和Kaplan-Meier Plotter等数据库获得膀胱癌患者TFAP2C的转录信息和生存数据,分析TFAP2C在膀胱...目的:应用生物信息学方法和实验验证确定转录因子TFAP2C在人类膀胱癌中的作用。方法:通过TCGA、Oncomine、GEPIA、The Human Protein Altas和Kaplan-Meier Plotter等数据库获得膀胱癌患者TFAP2C的转录信息和生存数据,分析TFAP2C在膀胱癌组织中的表达水平及与预后的关系。在si-TFAP2C转染膀胱癌5637细胞后,利用CCK8和划痕实验检验TFAP2C在膀胱癌细胞中的作用。用STRING数据库构建蛋白互作网络,用R软件对网络中的基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,通过R软件将TFAP2C在TCGA膀胱癌样本中的表达情况进行GSEA富集分析并作免疫细胞浸润相关性分析。结果:TFAP2C在膀胱癌组织中高表达,且其高表达预示着膀胱癌患者的总体生存率较差(P<0.05)。划痕和CCK8实验证明了TFAP2C可促进膀胱癌细胞的增殖和迁移(P<0.05)。GSEA结果显示,TFAP2C的高表达样本富集于蛋白质分泌、有丝分裂纺锤体、PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路和mTORC1信号通路(FDR<0.1,|NES|>1,P<0.05)。KEGG信号通路分析显示:TFAP2C与相关基因主要通路富集于ErbB信号通路、EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂耐药性和膀胱癌等(P<0.05)。GO功能富集分析显示:TFAP2C与相关基因的生物学过程主要富集于转录共激活因子活性、转录辅助调节因子活性和表皮生长因子受体结合等(P<0.05)。结论:TFAP2C在膀胱癌中起促癌作用,表达水平上调和预后不良有关,TFAP2C可能是判断膀胱癌预后的生物标志物。展开更多
The complex stress intensity factor K governing the stress field of an interface crack tip may be split into two parts, i.e.,■ and s^（-iε）, so that K = ■ s^（-iε）, s is a characteristic length and ε is the osc...The complex stress intensity factor K governing the stress field of an interface crack tip may be split into two parts, i.e.,■ and s^（-iε）, so that K = ■ s^（-iε）, s is a characteristic length and ε is the oscillatory index. ■ has the same dimension as the classical stress intensity factor and characterizes the interface crack tip field. That means a criterion for interface cracks may be formulated directly with■, as Irwin（ASME J. Appl. Mech. 24：361–364, 1957） did in 1957 for the classical fracture mechanics. Then, for an interface crack,it is demonstrated that the quasi Mode I and Mode II tip fields can be defined and distinguished from the coupled mode tip fields. Built upon SIF-based fracture criteria for quasi Mode I and Mode II, the stress intensity factor（SIF）-based fracture criterion for mixed mode interface cracks is proposed and validated against existing experimental results.展开更多
文摘目的:应用生物信息学方法和实验验证确定转录因子TFAP2C在人类膀胱癌中的作用。方法:通过TCGA、Oncomine、GEPIA、The Human Protein Altas和Kaplan-Meier Plotter等数据库获得膀胱癌患者TFAP2C的转录信息和生存数据,分析TFAP2C在膀胱癌组织中的表达水平及与预后的关系。在si-TFAP2C转染膀胱癌5637细胞后,利用CCK8和划痕实验检验TFAP2C在膀胱癌细胞中的作用。用STRING数据库构建蛋白互作网络,用R软件对网络中的基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,通过R软件将TFAP2C在TCGA膀胱癌样本中的表达情况进行GSEA富集分析并作免疫细胞浸润相关性分析。结果:TFAP2C在膀胱癌组织中高表达,且其高表达预示着膀胱癌患者的总体生存率较差(P<0.05)。划痕和CCK8实验证明了TFAP2C可促进膀胱癌细胞的增殖和迁移(P<0.05)。GSEA结果显示,TFAP2C的高表达样本富集于蛋白质分泌、有丝分裂纺锤体、PI3K/AKT/mTOR信号通路和mTORC1信号通路(FDR<0.1,|NES|>1,P<0.05)。KEGG信号通路分析显示:TFAP2C与相关基因主要通路富集于ErbB信号通路、EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂耐药性和膀胱癌等(P<0.05)。GO功能富集分析显示:TFAP2C与相关基因的生物学过程主要富集于转录共激活因子活性、转录辅助调节因子活性和表皮生长因子受体结合等(P<0.05)。结论:TFAP2C在膀胱癌中起促癌作用,表达水平上调和预后不良有关,TFAP2C可能是判断膀胱癌预后的生物标志物。
文摘The complex stress intensity factor K governing the stress field of an interface crack tip may be split into two parts, i.e.,■ and s^（-iε）, so that K = ■ s^（-iε）, s is a characteristic length and ε is the oscillatory index. ■ has the same dimension as the classical stress intensity factor and characterizes the interface crack tip field. That means a criterion for interface cracks may be formulated directly with■, as Irwin（ASME J. Appl. Mech. 24：361–364, 1957） did in 1957 for the classical fracture mechanics. Then, for an interface crack,it is demonstrated that the quasi Mode I and Mode II tip fields can be defined and distinguished from the coupled mode tip fields. Built upon SIF-based fracture criteria for quasi Mode I and Mode II, the stress intensity factor（SIF）-based fracture criterion for mixed mode interface cracks is proposed and validated against existing experimental results.
