Cardinium and Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacterial symbionts of arthropods that can manipulate host reproduction by increasing the fitness of infected females.Here,we report that Cardinium and Wolbachia coinfe...Cardinium and Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacterial symbionts of arthropods that can manipulate host reproduction by increasing the fitness of infected females.Here,we report that Cardinium and Wolbachia coinfection induced male-killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility(CI)when they coexisted in a cryptic species of whitefly,Bemisia tabaci Asia II7.Cardinium and Wolbachia symbionts were either singly or simul-taneously localized in the bacteriocytes placed in the abdomen of B.tabaci nymphs and adults.Cardinium-Wolbachia coinfection induced male-killing and resulted in a higher female sex ratio in the intraspecific amphigenetic progeny of Asia II7 IcwH and IcwL lines;interestingly,male-illing induction was enhanced with increased Cardinium titer.Moreover,single infection of Wolbachia induced partial CI in the Asia II7 Iw line and resulted in reduced fecundity,higher embryonic mortality,and lower female sex ratio.The uninfected Asia II7 Iu line had significantly higher fecundity,lower embryonic and nymphal mortalities,and a lower level of CI than both the Wolbachia infected Asia II7 Iw line and the Cardinium--Wolbachia-coinfected Asia II7 IcwH line.Our findings indicate that Cardinium-Wolbachia coinfection induced male-killing,which may have had antag-onistic effects on Wolbachia-induced CI in the Asia II7 whiteflies.For the first time,our study revealed that B.tabaci Asia II7 reproduction is co-manipulated by Cardinium and Wolbachia endosymbionts.展开更多
Novel Co（Ⅱ） complexes with dihydroxamic acids functionalized N-pivot lariat ether CoL^1-CoL^4 were synthesized and characterized.Their oxygenation constants（ln K_（O2）） and thermodynamic parameters（△H°,△...Novel Co（Ⅱ） complexes with dihydroxamic acids functionalized N-pivot lariat ether CoL^1-CoL^4 were synthesized and characterized.Their oxygenation constants（ln K_（O2）） and thermodynamic parameters（△H°,△S°） were measured.And their catalytic performance in oxidation of p-xylene to p-toluic acid（PTA） was investigated.The enhancement of O_2-binding and catalytic oxidation activity by the oxa aza crown ether ring of the cobalt complexes were discussed.展开更多
基金The authors thank Kerry M.Oliver and David Plotkin for critical reviews of this manuscript,and we thank Pei-Qiong Shi for culture of whitefly lines.This work was supported by the NSFC-Guangdong Joint Research Fund(U1701231)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672028)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2018B020205003)to BLQ.The funders had no role in the study design,data collection and interpretation,or the decision to submit the work for publication.
文摘Cardinium and Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacterial symbionts of arthropods that can manipulate host reproduction by increasing the fitness of infected females.Here,we report that Cardinium and Wolbachia coinfection induced male-killing and cytoplasmic incompatibility(CI)when they coexisted in a cryptic species of whitefly,Bemisia tabaci Asia II7.Cardinium and Wolbachia symbionts were either singly or simul-taneously localized in the bacteriocytes placed in the abdomen of B.tabaci nymphs and adults.Cardinium-Wolbachia coinfection induced male-killing and resulted in a higher female sex ratio in the intraspecific amphigenetic progeny of Asia II7 IcwH and IcwL lines;interestingly,male-illing induction was enhanced with increased Cardinium titer.Moreover,single infection of Wolbachia induced partial CI in the Asia II7 Iw line and resulted in reduced fecundity,higher embryonic mortality,and lower female sex ratio.The uninfected Asia II7 Iu line had significantly higher fecundity,lower embryonic and nymphal mortalities,and a lower level of CI than both the Wolbachia infected Asia II7 Iw line and the Cardinium--Wolbachia-coinfected Asia II7 IcwH line.Our findings indicate that Cardinium-Wolbachia coinfection induced male-killing,which may have had antag-onistic effects on Wolbachia-induced CI in the Asia II7 whiteflies.For the first time,our study revealed that B.tabaci Asia II7 reproduction is co-manipulated by Cardinium and Wolbachia endosymbionts.
基金supported by Chongqing Education Commission(No.KJ1400632)
文摘Novel Co（Ⅱ） complexes with dihydroxamic acids functionalized N-pivot lariat ether CoL^1-CoL^4 were synthesized and characterized.Their oxygenation constants（ln K_（O2）） and thermodynamic parameters（△H°,△S°） were measured.And their catalytic performance in oxidation of p-xylene to p-toluic acid（PTA） was investigated.The enhancement of O_2-binding and catalytic oxidation activity by the oxa aza crown ether ring of the cobalt complexes were discussed.
