AVIRIS高光谱数据空-谱特征在植被分类中的对比分析

植被分类是高光谱影像分类中的特定应用问题,光谱特征和空间特征是植被分类中常用的两类特征,比较这两类特征的性能,对实际植被分类应用中选择合适的特征类型或两者的有效结合具有指导意义。用主成分分析(PCA)提取光谱特征时,常选择前几个主成分(PCs)作为光谱特征,虽然它们包含较大的信息量但并不能保证较高的类别可分性和分类正确率,针对这一问题本研究提出了一种混合特征提取方法,对高光谱影像在PCA的基础上用改进的基于分散矩阵的特征选择方法选出具有较高类别可分性的PCs用于后续分类。利用一景AVIRIS高光谱植被影像,从分类精度的角度,首先比较了所提出的混合特征提取方法和原始PCA、独立主成分分析(ICA)及线性判别分析(LDA) 3种常用子空间特征提取方法在高光谱影像植被分类中的性能。试验结果表明所提出的混合特征提取方法在研究中数据集1和2上均获得了最高的总体分类正确率,分别为82.7%和86.5%。与原始PCA相比,本研究提出的混合特征提取方法的总体分类正确率,在数据集1和2上分别提高了1.5%和2.5%。由此阐明了所提出的混合特征提取方法在高光谱植被分类中的有效性。对光谱特征和空间特征在高光谱影像植被分类性能的比较中,总体上空间特征获得的分类正确率比光谱特征高,特别是Gabor特征,在两个数据集上均获得了最高的总体分类正确率分别为95.5%和96.7%。由此表明空间特征较光谱特征在高光谱影像植被分类中更具优势。本研究结果为后续改进空-谱特征方法及其两者有效结合,进一步提高植被分类正确率提供了参考。

Immediate-release Mechanism of Dehydrotrametenolic Acid and Dehydroeburicoic Acid in Poriae Cutis Total Triterpenoids Tablets Based on Liquid-solid Compact Technique

[Objectives]To study the immediate-release mechanism of dehydrotrametenolic acid and dehydroeburicoic acid in Poriae Cutis total triterpenoids tablets by liquid-solid compacts technique.[Methods] Taking dehydrotrametenolic acid and dehydroeburicoic acid as indicators,differences in dissolution were compared between liquid-solid compressed tablets and crude drug of total triterpenoids in Poriae Cutis;crude drug,powder of liquid-solid compressed tablets and excipients of liquid-solid compressed tablets were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry( DSC).[Results]Liquid-solid compact technique could significantly improve dissolution rate of dehydrotrametenolic acid and dehydroeburicoic acid. The total dissolution rate of dehydrotrametenolic acid and dehydroeburicoic acid in Poriae Cutis total triterpenoids tablets was 92%,t50( time for 50% total dissolution rate) and t_D( time for 63. 2% total dissolution rate) were 11. 18 min and 22. 71 min; the total dissolution rate of dehydrotrametenolic acid and dehydroeburicoic acid in crude drug of total triterpenoids was 29%,and t50 and t_D were231. 06 min and 359. 23 min. DSC showed that there was no mutual interaction between excipients and total triterpenoids in Poriae Cutis; on the DSC curve for powder of liquid-solid compressed tablets,the absorption peak vanished completely,indicating that the drug exists in the amorphous form in the liquid-solid powder.[Conclusions] Liquid-solid compact technique can increase the dissolution rate of total triterpenoids in Poriae Cutis and allow rapid release of poorly water soluble drugs.