The refractive-lens technique has been well developed over a long period of evolution,offering powerful imaging functionalities,such as microscopes,telescopes,and spectroscopes.Nevertheless,the ever-growing requiremen...The refractive-lens technique has been well developed over a long period of evolution,offering powerful imaging functionalities,such as microscopes,telescopes,and spectroscopes.Nevertheless,the ever-growing requirements continue to urge further enhanced imaging capabilities and upgraded devices that are more compact for convenience.Metamaterial as a fascinating concept has inspired unprecedented new explorations in physics,material science,and optics,not only in fundamental researches but also novel applications.Along with the imaging topic,this paper reviews the progress of the flat lens as an important branch of metamaterials,covering the early superlens with super-diffraction capability and current hot topics of metalenses including a paralleled strategy of multilevel diffractive lenses.Numerous efforts and approaches have been dedicated to areas ranging from the new fascinating physics to feasible applications.This review provides a clear picture of the flat-lens evolution from the perspective of metamaterial design,elucidating the relation and comparison between a superlens and metalens,and addressing derivative designs.Finally,application scenarios that favor the ultrathin lens technique are emphasized with respect to possible revolutionary imaging devices,followed by conclusive remarks and prospects.展开更多
Polarimetry plays an indispensable role in modern optics.Nevertheless,the current strategies generally suffer from bulky system volume or spatial multiplexing scheme,resulting in limited performances when dealing with...Polarimetry plays an indispensable role in modern optics.Nevertheless,the current strategies generally suffer from bulky system volume or spatial multiplexing scheme,resulting in limited performances when dealing with inhomogeneous polarizations.Here,we propose a non-interleaved,interferometric method to analyze the polarizations based on a tri-channel chiral metasurface.A deep convolutional neural network is also incorporated to enable fast,robust and accurate polarimetry.Spatially uniform and nonuniform polarizations are both measured through the metasurface experimentally.Distinction between two semblable glasses is also demonstrated.Our strategy features the merits of compactness and high spatial resolution,and would inspire more intriguing design for detecting and sensing.展开更多
Microscopy is very important in research and industry,yet traditional optical microscopy suffers from the limited field-of-view(FOV)and depth-of-field(DOF)in high-resolution imaging.We demonstrate a simultaneous large...Microscopy is very important in research and industry,yet traditional optical microscopy suffers from the limited field-of-view(FOV)and depth-of-field(DOF)in high-resolution imaging.We demonstrate a simultaneous large FOV and DOF microscope imaging technology based on a chip-scale metalens device that is implemented by a SiNxmetalens array with a co-and cross-polarization multiplexed dual-phase design and dispersive spectrum zoom effect.A 4-mm×4-mm FOV is obtained with a resolution of 1.74μm and DOF of200μm within a wavelength range of 450 to 510 nm,which definitely exceeds the performance of traditional microscopes with the same resolution.Moreover,it is realized in a miniaturized compact prototype,showing an overall advantage for portable and convenient microscope technology.展开更多
Flat lenses,including metalens and diffractive lens,have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to miniaturize the imaging devices.However,realizing a large scale achromatic flat lens with high performanc...Flat lenses,including metalens and diffractive lens,have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to miniaturize the imaging devices.However,realizing a large scale achromatic flat lens with high performance still remains a big challenge.Here,we developed a new framework in designing achromatic multi-level diffractive lenses by light coherence optimization,which enables the implementation of large-scale flat lenses under non-ideal conditions.As results,a series achromatic polymer lenses with diameter from 1 to 10mm are successfully designed and fabricated.The subsequent optical characterizations substantially validate our theoretical framework and show relatively good performance of the centimeter-scale achromatic multi-level diffractive lenses with a super broad bandwidth in optical wavelengths(400-1100 nm).After comparing with conventional refractive lens,this achromatic lens shows significant advantages in white-light imaging performance,implying a new strategy in developing practical planar optical devices.展开更多
The design of large-scale,high-numerical-aperture,and broadband achromatism is a big challenge in metalens research. In fact,many colorful imaging systems have RGB color filters,which means the achromatism only for RG...The design of large-scale,high-numerical-aperture,and broadband achromatism is a big challenge in metalens research. In fact,many colorful imaging systems have RGB color filters,which means the achromatism only for RGB lights would be sufficient. Avoiding broadband achromatism is expected to greatly improve the working efficiency of metalenses. Nevertheless,a proper bandpass filter is necessary under a white light illumination in the metalens integrated imaging system. Here we propose a bandpass-filter-integrated multiwavelength achromatic metalens (NA=0.2),which is designed using a searching optimization algorithm to achieve the achromatism of RGB lights with high efficiencies. The bandpass filter is implemented by composite DBRs and defect layers,by which three desired wavelengths are selected out. The simulations and experiments on the filter-integrated metalens definitely show a good RGB achromatism. Further imaging experiments demonstrate a higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution compared with the one without the filter. Our approach provides not only an RGB achromatic meta-imaging device but also a new route to access a highly efficient spectrum tailoring metasystem by incorporating bandpass filter designs.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1404300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(91850204,92250304,62288101).
文摘The refractive-lens technique has been well developed over a long period of evolution,offering powerful imaging functionalities,such as microscopes,telescopes,and spectroscopes.Nevertheless,the ever-growing requirements continue to urge further enhanced imaging capabilities and upgraded devices that are more compact for convenience.Metamaterial as a fascinating concept has inspired unprecedented new explorations in physics,material science,and optics,not only in fundamental researches but also novel applications.Along with the imaging topic,this paper reviews the progress of the flat lens as an important branch of metamaterials,covering the early superlens with super-diffraction capability and current hot topics of metalenses including a paralleled strategy of multilevel diffractive lenses.Numerous efforts and approaches have been dedicated to areas ranging from the new fascinating physics to feasible applications.This review provides a clear picture of the flat-lens evolution from the perspective of metamaterial design,elucidating the relation and comparison between a superlens and metalens,and addressing derivative designs.Finally,application scenarios that favor the ultrathin lens technique are emphasized with respect to possible revolutionary imaging devices,followed by conclusive remarks and prospects.
基金The authors acknowledge the funding provided by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1404301)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62325504,62305149,92250304,62288101)Dengfeng Project B of Nanjing University.The authors acknowledge the micro-fabrication center of the National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures(NLSSM)for technique support.
文摘Polarimetry plays an indispensable role in modern optics.Nevertheless,the current strategies generally suffer from bulky system volume or spatial multiplexing scheme,resulting in limited performances when dealing with inhomogeneous polarizations.Here,we propose a non-interleaved,interferometric method to analyze the polarizations based on a tri-channel chiral metasurface.A deep convolutional neural network is also incorporated to enable fast,robust and accurate polarimetry.Spatially uniform and nonuniform polarizations are both measured through the metasurface experimentally.Distinction between two semblable glasses is also demonstrated.Our strategy features the merits of compactness and high spatial resolution,and would inspire more intriguing design for detecting and sensing.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0303701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91850204 and 12174186)support from the Dengfeng Project B of Nanjing University。
文摘Microscopy is very important in research and industry,yet traditional optical microscopy suffers from the limited field-of-view(FOV)and depth-of-field(DOF)in high-resolution imaging.We demonstrate a simultaneous large FOV and DOF microscope imaging technology based on a chip-scale metalens device that is implemented by a SiNxmetalens array with a co-and cross-polarization multiplexed dual-phase design and dispersive spectrum zoom effect.A 4-mm×4-mm FOV is obtained with a resolution of 1.74μm and DOF of200μm within a wavelength range of 450 to 510 nm,which definitely exceeds the performance of traditional microscopes with the same resolution.Moreover,it is realized in a miniaturized compact prototype,showing an overall advantage for portable and convenient microscope technology.
基金the financial support from The National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1404300,2017YFA0303701)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91850204,12174186,62288101)+2 种基金the support from Dengfeng Project B of Nanjing Universitythe supports from Guangdong Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(2017ZT07C071)Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen Innovation Commission(JCYJ20200109140808088).
文摘Flat lenses,including metalens and diffractive lens,have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to miniaturize the imaging devices.However,realizing a large scale achromatic flat lens with high performance still remains a big challenge.Here,we developed a new framework in designing achromatic multi-level diffractive lenses by light coherence optimization,which enables the implementation of large-scale flat lenses under non-ideal conditions.As results,a series achromatic polymer lenses with diameter from 1 to 10mm are successfully designed and fabricated.The subsequent optical characterizations substantially validate our theoretical framework and show relatively good performance of the centimeter-scale achromatic multi-level diffractive lenses with a super broad bandwidth in optical wavelengths(400-1100 nm).After comparing with conventional refractive lens,this achromatic lens shows significant advantages in white-light imaging performance,implying a new strategy in developing practical planar optical devices.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0202103,2017YFA0303701)National Natural Science Foundation of China (91850204)。
文摘The design of large-scale,high-numerical-aperture,and broadband achromatism is a big challenge in metalens research. In fact,many colorful imaging systems have RGB color filters,which means the achromatism only for RGB lights would be sufficient. Avoiding broadband achromatism is expected to greatly improve the working efficiency of metalenses. Nevertheless,a proper bandpass filter is necessary under a white light illumination in the metalens integrated imaging system. Here we propose a bandpass-filter-integrated multiwavelength achromatic metalens (NA=0.2),which is designed using a searching optimization algorithm to achieve the achromatism of RGB lights with high efficiencies. The bandpass filter is implemented by composite DBRs and defect layers,by which three desired wavelengths are selected out. The simulations and experiments on the filter-integrated metalens definitely show a good RGB achromatism. Further imaging experiments demonstrate a higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution compared with the one without the filter. Our approach provides not only an RGB achromatic meta-imaging device but also a new route to access a highly efficient spectrum tailoring metasystem by incorporating bandpass filter designs.