Research Progress of High Entropy Ceramic Materials

High-entropy materials(HEMs)have better mechanical,thermal,and electrical properties than traditional materials due to their special"high entropy effect".They can also adjust the performance of high entropy ceramics by adjusting the proportion of raw materials,and have broad application prospects in many fields.This article provides a review of the high entropy effect,preparation methods,and main applications of high entropy ceramic materials,especially exploring relevant research on high entropy perovskite ceramics.It is expected to provide reference for the promotion of scientific research and the development of further large-scale applications of high-entropy ceramic materials.

Development of High Areal Capacity Electrolytic MnO_(2)-Zn Battery via an Iodine Mediator

The commercialization of electrolytic MnO_(2)-Zn batteries is highly applauded owing to the advantages of cost-effectiveness,high safety,high energy density,and durable working performance.However,due to the low reversibility of the cathode MnO_(2)/Mn^(2+)chemistry at high areal capacities and the severe Zn anode corrosion,the practical application of MnO_(2)-Zn batteries is hampered by inadequate lifespan.Leveraging the full advantage of an iodine redox mediator,here we design a highly rechargeable electrolytic MnO_(2)-Zn battery with a high areal capacity.The MnO_(2)-Zn battery coupled with an iodine mediator in a mild electrolyte shows a high discharge voltage of 1.85 V and a robust areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^(-2)under a substantial discharge current density of 160 mA cm^(-2).The MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery with an areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^(-2)exhibits prolonged stability of over 950 cycles under a high-capacity retention of~94%.The scaled-up MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery reveals a stable cycle life under a cell capacity of~600 mAh.Moreover,our constructed MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery demonstrates a practical energy density of~37 Wh kg^(-1)and a competitive energy cost of<18 US$kWh^(-1)by taking into account the cathode,anode,and electrolyte.The MnO_(2)/I_(2)-Zn battery,with its remarkable reversibility and reasonable energy density,enlightens a new arena of large-scale energy storage devices.

Archaea Diversity of Five Hot Springs in Lushan from Henan

There are five hot springs named separately SHANGT,ZHONGT,WENT,XIAT and SHENT in Lushan County,Pingdingshan City,Henan Province.The archaeal diversity of the five hot springs was investigated and analyzed.16 S rD NA v4-5 genes of archaea were sequenced by Illumina Hisiq2500 PE250 technology.The numbers of sample sequences and OTUs were sorted by using Uparse,Mothur,SILVA,MUSCLE and Qiime software.Finally,the archaeal abundance and diversity in the five hot springs were analyzed.87993,67326,44400,48611 and 48495 effective reads have been obtained from SHANGT,ZHONGT,WENT,XIAT and SHENT respectively,and 520,280,678,451 and 437 OTUs have been acquired.The analysis of archaeal classification showed that the archaea from the five hot springs could be classified into 11 phyla,in which Thaumarchaeota accounted for 95.25%and was the dominant archaea.In the genera level,the dominant archaea of the SHANGT,ZHONGT and WENT was Candidatus-Nitrosocaldus,and unidentified-Thaumarchaeota was the dominant archaea in XIAT and SHENT.The results showed that the five hot springs in Lushan are rich in microbial resources.The research provided basic data for further research and utilization of the archaea resources in the five hot springs of Lushan.

Research on Interface Management of General Contracting Projects

In recent years, EPC, as a project contracting model, has been promoted in the international and domestic markets. This mode can realize the reasonable intersection of design, procurement and construction, and can reasonably combine the three major businesses so that the whole project plan can be more optimized which is very beneficial to the management of the owner, and can effectively ensure the progress of the project construction. The achievement of the owner’s cost target. However, many participants are intertwined in a system, which will inevitably bring huge challenges to managers. For example, the goals of different participants are very different, which will form the interface between organizations. Based on this problem, this paper will systematically review the interface management, find out the influencing factors of the EPC project interface management through literature, and further screen and evaluate the influencing factors through expert interviews and questionnaires, so as to obtain six influencing factors: poor information processing ability, design work ignores buildability, security incident, too much intervention by the owner, use of new technologies, new materials and new processes in construction, uncertainty and changes in the surrounding environment, and carry out variance analysis of influencing factors for different individual characteristics and obtain factors such as “too much intervention by the owner”. Males have higher recognition and higher education than females. The higher the degree of recognition of this factor is, the highest degree of recognition of the supervision unit for “design work ignores constructability” is.

水系锌离子电池

水系锌离子电池(AZIBs)具有安全、成本低、理论容量高以及锌储量丰富等优点,在大规模储能应用中极具发展前景,引起人们的广泛关注。近些年,关于AZIBs的相关研究报道增长迅速。然而AZIBs较低的能量密度、较差的离子动力性和较短的循环寿命限制了其实际应用及商业化进程。作者综述分析了近几年关于AZIBs储能系统中正极、负极、电解液以及相关储能机制所遇到的难题及可行性解决方案,为研究者设计和开发高性能AZIBs提供参考。

Zinc battery goes to anode-free

The zinc(Zn)batteries have challenges include uncontrollable dendritic growth,unreasonable negative to positive ratio and limited areal capacity.This highlight presents the latest development to resolve the uncontrollable Zn dendrite formation at high areal capacities of 200 mAh·cm^(-2) through a two-dimensional metal/metal-Zn alloy heterostructured interface.The anode-free Zn batteries with an attractive and practical pouch cell energy density of 62 Wh·kg^(-1) enlighten an arena towards their commercialization.

High-performance Zn battery with transition metal ions co-regulated electrolytic MnO_(2)

Electrolytic MnO_(2)/Zn batteries have attracted extensive attention for use in large-scale energy storage applications due to their low cost,high output voltage,safety,and environmental friendliness.However,the poor electrical conductivity of MnO_(2)limits its deposition and dissolution at large capacities,which leads to sluggish reaction kinetics and drastic capacity decay.Here,we report a theory-guided design principle for an electrolytic MnO_(2)/Zn battery co-regulated with transition metal ions that has improved electrochemical performance in terms of deposition and stripping chemistries.We start with first-principles calculations to predict the electrolytic effects of regulating transition metal ions in the deposition/stripping chemistry of the MnO_(2)cathode.The results indicate that with the simultaneous incorporation of strongly electronegative Co and Ni,the MnO_(2)cathode tends to possess more active electron states,faster charge-transfer kinetics,and better electrical conductivity than either MnO_(2)regulated with Co or Ni on their own,or pristine MnO_(2);hence,this co-regulation is beneficial for the cathode solid/liquid MnO_(2)/Mn2t reactions.We then fabricate and demonstrate a novel Co2t and Ni2t coregulated MnO_(2)/Zn(Co-Ni-MnO_(2)/Zn)battery that yields significantly better electrochemical performance,finding that the synergistic regulation of Co and Ni on MnO_(2)can significantly increase its intrinsic conductivity and achieve high rates and Coulombic efficiencies at large capacities.The aqueous Co-Ni-MnO_(2)/Zn battery exhibits a high rate(10C,100 mA cm^(-2)),high Coulombic efficiency(91.89%),and excellent cycling stability(600 cycles without decay)at a large areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^(-2).Our proposed strategy of co-regulation with transition metal ions offers a versatile approach for improving the electrochemical performance of aqueous electrolytic MnO_(2)/Zn batteries in large-scale energy storage applications.

Toward dendrite-free and anti-corrosion Zn anodes by regulating a bismuth-based energizer

Aqueous rechargeable zinc metal batteries display high theoretical capacity along with economical effectiveness,environmental benignity and high safety.However,dendritic growth and chemical corrosion at the Zn anodes limit their widespread applications.Here,we construct a Zn/Bi electrode via in-situ growth of a Bi-based energizer upon Zn metal surface using a replacement reaction.Experimental and theoretical calculations reveal that the Bi-based energizer composed of metallic Bi and ZnBi alloy contributes to Zn plating/stripping due to strong adsorption energy and fast ion transport rates.The resultant Zn/Bi electrode not only circumvents Zn dendrite growth but also improves Zn anode anti-corrosion performance.Specifically,the corrosion current of the Zn/Bi electrode is reduced by 90%compared to bare Zn.Impressively,an ultra-low overpotential of 12​mV and stable cycling for 4000​h are achieved in a Zn/Bi symmetric cell.A Zn–Cu/Bi asymmetric cell displays a cycle life of 1000 cycles,with an average Coulombic efficiency as high as 99.6%.In addition,an assembled Zn/Bi-activated carbon hybrid capacitor exhibits a stable life of more than 50,000 cycles,an energy density of 64​Wh kg−1,and a power density of 7​kW​kg−1.The capacity retention rate of a Zn/Bi–MnO_(2)full cell is improved by over 150%compared to a Zn–MnO_(2)cell without the Bi-based energizer.Our findings open a new arena for the industrialization of Zn metal batteries for large-scale energy storage applications.