GSK-3β对流感病毒在A549细胞中复制的影响

目的:明确GSK-3β在流感病毒感染过程中所发挥的作用。方法:我们应用RNA干扰技术下调GSK-3β的表达水平后,用TCID50法测定A549细胞上清中的流感病毒滴度,并使用CCK-8细胞活力检测试剂盒和Caspase-Glo凋亡检测试剂盒检测了GSK-3β对流感病毒感染A549细胞活力及流感病毒诱导的A549细胞凋亡的影响。结果:下调GSK-3β的表达降低了流感病毒感染A549细胞上清中的病毒滴度,并且GSK-3β的表达下调还降低了流感病毒感染A549细胞的细胞活力同时增强了流感病毒诱导的细胞凋亡。结论:GSK-3β对流感病毒诱导的宿主细胞凋亡具有负调节作用并且是病毒在细胞中高效复制所必需的。

Cross-talking between autophagy and viral infection in mammalian cells

Autophagy is a cellular process in degradation of long-lived proteins and organelles in the cytosol for maintaining cellular homeostasis,which has been linked to a wide range of human health and disease states,including viral infection.The viral infected cells exhibit a compli-cated cross-talking between autophagy and virus.It has been shown that autophagy interacts with both adaptive and innate immunity.For adaptive immunity,viral antigens can be processed in autophagosomes by acidic proteases before major histocompatibility complex(MHC)class II presentation.For innate immunity,autophagy may assist in the delivery of viral nucleic acids to endosomal TLRs and also functions as a part of the TLR-or-PKR-downstream responses.Autophagy was also reported to suppress the magnitude of host innate antiviral immunity in certain cases.On the other hand,viruses has evolved many strategies to combat or utilize the host autophagy for their own benefit.In this review we discussed recent advances toward clarifying the cross-talking between autophagy and viral infection in mammalian cells.

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an inactivated SFTS vaccine candidate in mice

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS),caused by a novel identified bunyavirus SFTS virus(SFTSV),was an emerging viral infectious disease that was firstly reported in China.There are no licensed vaccines and therapeutics against SFTSV currently.B‐Propiolactone(BPL)inactivated whole virions of SFTSV strain AH12 were prepared as experimental vaccine in different antigen dose with or without Al(OH)3 adjuvant.The experimental SFTS vaccine was a satisfying immunogen,which could efficiently trigger the development of high levels of SFTSV NP‐specific IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against SFTSV Strain HB29 in BALB/c and C57/BL6 mice,and could induce SFTS virus‐specific cellular immune responses to a certain extent.A single dose of vaccine was immunogenically insufficient in BALB/c mice;the second and third dose resulted in significant boost in antibody response.The use of Al(OH)3 adjuvant resulted in higher antibody titers.The mediate‐dose of vaccine could induce as high and equivalent level of antibody titer as that of high‐dose.The experimental SFTS vaccine in mediate‐and high antigen dose with adjuvant resulted in solid protection of C57/BL6 mice against wild‐type SFTSV challenge with markedly accelerated virus clearance from blood and spleen compared with controls.The experimental SFTS vaccine prepared in this study could efficiently elicit virus specific humoral and cellular immune responses in both BALB/c and C57/BL6 mice,and could protect C57/BL6 mice against SFTS virus challenge.These results supplied evidence that inactivated vaccine was a promising vaccine candidate for the prevention of SFTSV infection.

Longitudinal Analysis of Antibody Dynamics in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Patients—High-Incidence Regions of China,2010–2023

What is already known about this topic?Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)is a serious tick-borne disease in East Asia with high mortality,particularly affecting the elderly.Since its discovery in 2010,inconsistencies in small-scale studies and the lack of decade-long research on antibody levels in large population samples after natural infection,along with the absence of an effective vaccine,highlight the need for large-scale,long-term data in highincidence regions of China.What is added by this report?This study of 1,410 serum samples from SFTS patients in high-incidence regions of China reveals that immunoglobulin M(IgM)levels peak at 8–14 days post-infection,declining to nearly undetectable levels by 180 days.Immunoglobulin G(IgG)and neutralizing antibodies(NAb)levels peak at 22–180 days,persisting up to 10 years.IgM levels correlate with viral load and various immune and coagulation parameters,with lower levels observed in fatal cases.During convalescence,elderly patients have lower IgG levels,whereas females exhibit higher IgG levels compared with males.What are the implications for public health practice?The study’s findings on long-term antibody dynamics in SFTS patients can significantly improve vaccine development,optimize therapy scheduling,inform public health policies,and enhance diagnostic tools,leading to better disease management and prevention in high-incidence areas.