Classification for Glass Bottles Based on Improved Selective Search Algorithm

The recycling of glass bottles can reduce the consumption of resources and contribute to environmental protection.At present,the classification of recycled glass bottles is difficult due to the many differences in specifications and models.This paper proposes a classification algorithm for glass bottles that is divided into two stages,namely the extraction of candidate regions and the classification of classifiers.In the candidate region extraction stage,aiming at the problem of the large time overhead caused by the use of the SIFT(scale-invariant feature transform)descriptor in SS(selective search),an improved feature of HLSN(Haar-like based on SPP-Net)is proposed.An integral graph is introduced to accelerate the process of forming an HBSN vector,which overcomes the problem of repeated texture feature calculation in overlapping regions by SS.In the classification stage,the improved SS algorithm is used to extract target regions.The target regions are merged using a non-maximum suppression algorithm according to the classification scores of the respective regions,and the merged regions are classified using the trained classifier.Experiments demonstrate that,compared with the original SS,the improved SS algorithm increases the calculation speed by 13.8%,and its classification accuracy is 89.4%.Additionally,the classification algorithm for glass bottles has a certain resistance to noise.

Research Progress on the Influence of Movement Instruction on Community Life in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

The incidence of coronary heart disease increases year by year with the material level of our country.It has a harmful effect on the patient’s life health and quality of life.Movement Instruction is an important aspect of the secondary prevention project of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease.Although it has a history of decades at inland and abroad,the present situation in China is not optimistic.Some studies have shown that the popularization and participation of cardiac rehabilitation is true and lacking.This paper sums up the relevant knowledge of coronary heart disease,coronary heart disease movement instruction and its impact on community life of patients at home and abroad,and reviews the research results of movement instruction on community rehabilitation of coronary heart disease in recent years,which provides a theoretical reference and prospect for the future research of community exercise rehabilitation of coronary heart disease.

Metformin and Lactic Acidosis in Diabetic Patients

Metfommin is the basic drug in the clinical treatment of Diabetes,often used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM).Its effect has been fully verificd in the clinical treatment of T2DM.However,in the treatment of T2DM with metformin,there is still a certain probability of related lactic acidosis,and the fatality rate is high.Therefore,is the use of metformin drug treatment a direct risk factor for lactic acidosis in diabetic patients?This paper will review the hypoglycemic mechanism of metformin and related studies on lactic acidosis,so as to further explore the relationship between metformin and lactic acidosis in diabetic patients,and provide help and reference for metformin drugs in the clinical treatment ofT2DM.

Effect of Metformin on Lactate Metabolism in Normal Hepatocytes under High Glucose Stress in Vitro

Objective To study the effect of metformin on lactate metabolism in hepatocytes in vitro under high glucose stress.In vitro LO2 cells,liver cells were randomly divided into blank control group,25 tendency/L glucose solution,27 tendency/L glucose solution,29 tendency/L glucose solution,31 tendency/L glucose solution,33 tendency/L glucose solution,35 tendency/L glucose solution treatment group,the optimal concentation of 31 tendency after L,use 30 tendency for L metformin solution,and then divided into blank control group,the optimal concentration of glucose solution,normal liver cells+metformin solution normal liver cells.The optimal concentration of glucose solution normal liver cells+metformin solution respectively in the 12h,24 h,48 h on cell count plate to calculate the mumber of liver cells,and using lactic acid determination kit the optimal concentration of glucose solution+normal liver cells and normal liver cells+the optimal concentration of glucose solution+metformin solution respectively in the 12 h,24 h,48 h of cell cultures of lactic acid value.There was no significant change in the lactic acid concentration but significant increase in the number of suviving hepatocytes in the high-glycemic control group compared with that in the high-glycemic control group without metformin.Metformin has no significant effect on lactic acid metabolism of hepatocytes under high glucose stess in vito,and has a protective effect on hepatocytes under high glucose stress.Based on this,it is preliminanily believed that metformin is not the direct factor leading to diabetic lactic acidosis.

Design and preparation of a crosslinkable,oil-resistant,and bio-based elastomer from fumarate

Poly(diethyl fumarate-co-methoxyethyl acrylate-co-vinyl chloroacetate)(PDEFMV),a novel bio-based elastomer with a saturated structure,was synthesized via redox emulsion polymerization.The glass-transition temperatures of PDEFMV,adjusted through the variation of the diethyl fumarate-to-methoxyethyl acrylate feeding ratio,ranged from-36.1 to-14.8 ℃.The number-average molecular weights of PDEFMV ranged from 384,000 to 46,000 g/mol.In designing the molecular structure,vinyl chloroacetate was used to provide active sites for subsequent vulcanization and crosslinking.The active chlorine groups within the PDEFMV chain reacted with the crosslinking agent trithiocyanuric acid under high temperature and pressure to form a nonsulfur crosslinked three-dimensional network structure.To achieve the desired properties,carbon black(CB,N330) was incorporated to reinforce PDEFMV,leading to the formation of PDEFMV/CB composites.A comprehensive study was conducted on the high-temperature oil resistance of PDEFMV/CB composites.Following immersion in IRM903 oil at temperatures of 150 and 200 ℃ for 72 h,the mass and volume changes in PDEFMV/CB were lower than those observed in commercially available acrylate rubber(AR)/CB,indicating that PDEFMV exhibited superior oil resistance.Furthermore,the aging characteristics and mechanisms of oil resistance in the PDEFMV/CB and AR/CB composites were investigated at different temperatures(150,200,and 250 ℃).The results provide insights into the operational temperature ranges suitable for PDEFMV/CB and offer valuable guidance for potential industrial applications.

Chaos Raman distributed optical fiber sensing

The physics principle of pulse flight positioning is the main theoretical bottleneck that restricts the spatial resolution of the existing Raman distributed optical fiber sensing scheme.Owing to the pulse width of tens of nanoseconds,the spatial resolution of the existing Raman distributed optical fiber sensing scheme with kilometer-level sensing distance is limited to the meter level,which seriously restricts the development of the optical time-domain reflection system.In this paper,a chaos laser is proposed in the context of the physical principle of the Raman scattering effect,and a novel theory of chaos Raman distributed optical fiber sensing scheme is presented.The scheme reveals the characteristics of chaos Raman scattering light excited by a chaotic signal on the sensing fiber.Further,the chaos time-domain compression demodulation mechanism between the temperature variation information and chaos correlation peak is demonstrated.Then,the position of the temperature variation signal is precisely located using the delay time of the chaos correlation peak combined with the chaos pulse flight time.Based on this novel optical sensing mechanism,an experiment with 10 cm spatial resolution and 1.4 km sensing distance was conducted,and the spatial resolution was found to be independent of the sensing distance.Within the limit of the existing spatial resolution theory,the spatial resolution of the proposed scheme is 50 times higher than that of the traditional scheme.The scheme also provides a new research direction for optical chaos and optical fiber sensing.

A novel strategy for screening mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes albopictus based on multiplex PCR-mass spectrometry minisequencing technology

Background The current prevention and control strategy forAedes albopictus heavily relies on comprehensive management, such as environmental management and chemical control. However, the wide application of pyrethroids has facilitated the development of insecticide resistance, primarily via mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene. This study aims to develop a novel strategy for detecting mutations in the VGSC gene inAe. albopictus using multiplex PCR-mass spectrometry (MPCR-MS) minisequencing technology.Methods We established a new strategy for detecting mutations in the VGSC gene inAe. albopictus using MPCR-MS minisequencing technology. MPCR amplification and mass probe extension (MPE) were first used, followed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing mass spectrometry, which allows the simultaneous detection of multiple mutation sites of the VGSC gene in 96 samples ofAe. albopictus. A total of 70 wild-collectedAe. albopictus were used to evaluate the performance of the method by comparing it with other methods.Results Three target sites (1016, 1532, 1534) in the VGSC gene can be detected simultaneously by double PCR amplification combined with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, achieving a detection limit of 20 fg/μl. We applied this method to 70 wild-collectedAe. albopictus, and the obtained genotypes were consistent with the routine sequencing results, suggesting the accuracy of our method.Conclusions MPCR-MS minisequencing technology provides a sensitive and high-throughput approach toAe. albopictus VGSC gene mutation screening. Compared with conventional sequencing, this method is economical and time-saving. It is of great value for insecticide resistance surveillance in areas with a high risk of vector-borne disease.

Pre-constructed SEI on graphite-based interface enables long cycle stability for dual ion sodium batteries

Lithium batteries have been widely used in all over the world for its high energy density, long-term cycle stability. While the resources of lithium metal and transition metal are limited, which restrict their applications in the grid energy storage. Dual ion sodium batteries(DISBs) possess higher energy density,especially owning high power density for its higher operating voltage(> 4.5 V). Nevertheless, the poor oxidation tolerance of carbonate electrolyte and the co-intercalation of solvents accompanied with anions are main obstacles to make the DISBs commercialization. Herein, a physical barrier(artificial SEI film) is pre-constructed in the Na||graphite batteries to solve these thorny problems. With the CSMG(covered SEI on modified graphite), batteries deliver higher capacity 40 mAh/g even under the current density of 300 mA/g and the capacity retention maintains very well after 100 cycles at a high operating voltage.Moreover, the function mechanism was revealed by in-situ XRD, demonstrating that the pre-constructed SEI can effectively suppress the irreversible phase transition and exfoliation of graphite, resulting from the co-intercalation of anions. Additionally, the work voltage windows of carbonate electrolyte are significantly broadened by establishing electrode/electrolyte interphase. This method opens up an avenue for the practical application of DISBs on the grid energy storage and other fields.

橡胶材料的新型交联结构设计:从绿色制备到循环再利用

本文提出了一种基于可水解酯基的橡胶材料绿色交联策略.选择商品化的羧化丁腈橡胶(XNBR)中的羧基作为交联点,生物基环氧大豆油(ESO)替代硫磺作为交联剂,基于羧基与环氧基团之间的反应,本文构建了一个含酯基的交联网络结构.在交联反应发生前,生物基的ESO还可以起到增塑剂的作用,有着"一剂多用"的效果.此外,氧化锌(Zn O)可作为交联反应的催化剂,提高交联效率;同时,锌离子与羧基形成的离子对或离子簇可作为增强点,从而提高材料的力学性能.这种交联方法不使用任何有毒的化学物质,并且在交联反应过程不会产生挥发性有机物.通过改变ESO或Zn O的用量,可以实现对交联橡胶的交联速率、交联密度和力学性能等的调节.最后,通过化学回收的方法,可以将交联结构中的酯基选择性地断开,得到一种高效的橡胶回收方法.在酸的催化下,橡胶交联结构中的酯基被水解成羟基和羧基,重新得到线性的XNBR.利用该方法, XNBR可以被多次循环使用.

Design and synthesis by redox polymerization of a bio-based carboxylic elastomer for green tire

Poly(dibutyl itaconate-co-isoprene-co-methacrylic acid)(PDIM) elastomer was designed and synthesized by redox emulsion polymerization under mild conditions. PDIM has high molecular weight, relatively high yield, and low glass transition temperature(Tg). The structure of PDIM was determined by FTIR and NMR, and the carboxyl content was obtained by titration in a non-proton solvent. Tensile strength and elongation at break increased with increasing carboxyl content. In addition, the interaction between PDIM and silica was elucidated by rubber process analyzer(RPA) and TEM, and the results showed that the silica-PDIM interaction was strong, but the silica-silica interaction was weak.

Synthesis and evaluation of bio-based elastomer based on diethyl itaconate for oil-resistance applications

Bio-based elastomer poly(diethyl itaconate-co-isoprene)(PDEII) was designed and synthesized by redox-initiated emulsion polymerization from diethyl itaconate and isoprene with mass ratio of 20:80, 40:60, 60:40 and 80:20. The number-average molecular weights of PDEII exceeded 140000 with relatively high yields. The physical properties of PDEII, such as glass transition temperatures and thermostability, were comparable with conventional synthetic elastomers and can be readily tuned by varying the ratio of diethyl itaconate to isoprene. The interaction between silica and PDEII macromolecules was effectively enhanced with the increase of diethyl itaconate content by endowing high polarity. The oil-resistance relevant properties of silica/PDEII80(80% diethyl itaconate, 20% isoprene) such as retention of tensile strength, retention of elongation at break and change in volume even surpass those of silica/NBR 240 S after soaked in ASTM 3# oil at different temperatures.

Slope-assisted Raman distributed optical fiber sensing

Raman distributed optical fiber sensing is required to achieve accurate temperature measurements in a micro-scale area.In this study,we first analyze and demonstrate the pulse transmission feature in the temperature variation area and the superposition characteristics of Raman optical time-domain reflectometry(OTDR)signals by numerical simulation.The equations of superimposed Raman anti-Stokes scattered signals at different stages are presented,providing a theoretical basis for the positioning and physical quantity demodulation of whole optical fiber systems based on the OTDR principle.Moreover,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a slope-assisted sensing principle and scheme in a Raman distributed optical fiber system.To the best our knowledge,this is the first experimental demonstration of Raman distributed optical fiber sensing in a centimeter-level spatial measurement region.

Endoscopic Bariatric and Metabolic Therapies for Liver Disease:Mechanisms,Benefits,and Associated Risks

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),including advancedstage nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),is currently the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is projected to become the leading indication for liver transplantation(LT).However,there are no effective pharmacological therapies for NAFLD.Endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies(EBMTs)are less invasive procedures for the treatment of obesity and its metabolic comorbidities.Several recent studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of EBMTs on NAFLD/NASH.In this review,we summarize the major EBMTs and their mechanisms of action.We further discuss the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of EBMTs in people with NAFLD/NASH and obese cirrhotic LT candidates.The potential utility of EBMTs in reducing liver volume and perioperative complications in bariatric surgery candidates is also discussed.Moreover,we review the development of liver abscesses as a common serious adverse event in duodenaljejunal bypass liner implantation.