Genes in the glycogen synthase kinase 3(GSK3)family are essential in regulating plant response to stressful conditions.This study employed bioinformatics to uncover the GSK3 gene family from the sunflower genome datab...Genes in the glycogen synthase kinase 3(GSK3)family are essential in regulating plant response to stressful conditions.This study employed bioinformatics to uncover the GSK3 gene family from the sunflower genome database.The expressions of GSK3 genes in different tissues and stress treatments,such as salt,drought,and cold,were assessed using transcriptome sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).The study results revealed that the 12 GSK3 genes of sunflower,belonging to four classes(Classes I–IV),contained the GSK3 kinase domain and 11–13 exons.The majority of GSK3 genes were highly expressed in the leaf axil and flower,while their expression levels were relatively lower in the leaf.As a result of salt stress,six of the GSK3 genes(HaSK11,HaSK22,HaSK23,HaSK32,HaSK33,and HaSK41)displayed a notable increase in expression,while HaSK14 and HaSK21 experienced a significant decrease.With regard to drought stress,five of the GSK3 genes(HaSK11,HaSK13,HaSK21,HaSK22,and HaSK33)experienced a remarkable rise in expression.When exposed to cold stress,seven of the GSK3 genes(HaSK11,HaSK12,HaSK13,HaSK32,HaSK33,HaSK41,and HaSK42)showed a substantial increase,whereas HaSK21 and HaSK23 had a sharp decline.This research is of great importance in understanding the abiotic resistance mechanism of sunflowers and developing new varieties with improved stress resistance.展开更多
Objective To identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for primary melanoma using network-based microarray data analysis.Methods Eligible microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were ...Objective To identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for primary melanoma using network-based microarray data analysis.Methods Eligible microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,Gene Ontology(GO),and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify hub genes and pathways that might affect the survival of melanoma patients.Immunohistochemistry results obtained from the Human Protein Atlas(HPA)database confirmed the protein expression levels of hub genes.The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database was used to further verify the gene expression levels and conduct survival analysis.Results Three microarray datasets(GSE3189,GSE15605,and GSE46517)containing 122 melanoma and 30 normal skin tissue samples were included.A total of 262 common differentially expressed genes(cDEGs)were identified based on three statistical approaches(Fisher’s method,the random effects model(REM),and vote counting)with strict criteria.Of these,two upregulated genes,centromere protein F(CENPF)and pituitary tumortransforming gene 1(PTTG1),were selected as hub genes.HPA and TCGA database analyses confirmed that CENPF and PTTG1 were overexpressed in melanoma.Survival analysis showed that high expression levels of CENPF were significantly correlated with decreased overall survival(OS)(P=0.028).Conclusion The expression level of CENPF was significantly upregulated in melanoma and correlated with decreased OS.Thus,CENPF may represent a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma patients.展开更多
Exciton polaritons in atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenide microcavities provide a versatile platform for advancing optoelectronic devices and studying the interacting Bosonic physics at ambient conditions....Exciton polaritons in atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenide microcavities provide a versatile platform for advancing optoelectronic devices and studying the interacting Bosonic physics at ambient conditions.Rationally engineering the favorable properties of polaritons is critically required for the rapidly growing research.Here,we demonstrate the manipulation of nonlinear polaritons with the lithographically defined potential landscapes in monolayer WS_(2)microcavities.The discretization of photoluminescence dispersions and spatially confined patterns indicate the deterministic on-site localization of polaritons by the artificial mesa cavities.Varying the trapping sizes,the polariton-reservoir interaction strength is enhanced by about six times through managing the polariton–exciton spatial overlap.Meanwhile,the coherence of trapped polaritons is significantly improved due to the spectral narrowing and tailored in a picosecond range.Therefore,our work not only offers a convenient approach to manipulating the nonlinearity and coherence of polaritons but also opens up possibilities for exploring many-body phenomena and developing novel polaritonic devices based on 2D materials.展开更多
基金financed by the Anhui Provincial Central Leading Local Science and Technology Development Special Fund Project(202007d06020021)Project of Suzhou Science and Technology Bureau(2021143).
文摘Genes in the glycogen synthase kinase 3(GSK3)family are essential in regulating plant response to stressful conditions.This study employed bioinformatics to uncover the GSK3 gene family from the sunflower genome database.The expressions of GSK3 genes in different tissues and stress treatments,such as salt,drought,and cold,were assessed using transcriptome sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).The study results revealed that the 12 GSK3 genes of sunflower,belonging to four classes(Classes I–IV),contained the GSK3 kinase domain and 11–13 exons.The majority of GSK3 genes were highly expressed in the leaf axil and flower,while their expression levels were relatively lower in the leaf.As a result of salt stress,six of the GSK3 genes(HaSK11,HaSK22,HaSK23,HaSK32,HaSK33,and HaSK41)displayed a notable increase in expression,while HaSK14 and HaSK21 experienced a significant decrease.With regard to drought stress,five of the GSK3 genes(HaSK11,HaSK13,HaSK21,HaSK22,and HaSK33)experienced a remarkable rise in expression.When exposed to cold stress,seven of the GSK3 genes(HaSK11,HaSK12,HaSK13,HaSK32,HaSK33,HaSK41,and HaSK42)showed a substantial increase,whereas HaSK21 and HaSK23 had a sharp decline.This research is of great importance in understanding the abiotic resistance mechanism of sunflowers and developing new varieties with improved stress resistance.
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.81972559)and the Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center Project(project no.HDC2020CR2067B).
文摘Objective To identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for primary melanoma using network-based microarray data analysis.Methods Eligible microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database were used to identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs).The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network,Gene Ontology(GO),and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify hub genes and pathways that might affect the survival of melanoma patients.Immunohistochemistry results obtained from the Human Protein Atlas(HPA)database confirmed the protein expression levels of hub genes.The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database was used to further verify the gene expression levels and conduct survival analysis.Results Three microarray datasets(GSE3189,GSE15605,and GSE46517)containing 122 melanoma and 30 normal skin tissue samples were included.A total of 262 common differentially expressed genes(cDEGs)were identified based on three statistical approaches(Fisher’s method,the random effects model(REM),and vote counting)with strict criteria.Of these,two upregulated genes,centromere protein F(CENPF)and pituitary tumortransforming gene 1(PTTG1),were selected as hub genes.HPA and TCGA database analyses confirmed that CENPF and PTTG1 were overexpressed in melanoma.Survival analysis showed that high expression levels of CENPF were significantly correlated with decreased overall survival(OS)(P=0.028).Conclusion The expression level of CENPF was significantly upregulated in melanoma and correlated with decreased OS.Thus,CENPF may represent a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma patients.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.12020101003,and 12250710126)funding support from the State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics of Tsinghua University and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.
文摘Exciton polaritons in atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenide microcavities provide a versatile platform for advancing optoelectronic devices and studying the interacting Bosonic physics at ambient conditions.Rationally engineering the favorable properties of polaritons is critically required for the rapidly growing research.Here,we demonstrate the manipulation of nonlinear polaritons with the lithographically defined potential landscapes in monolayer WS_(2)microcavities.The discretization of photoluminescence dispersions and spatially confined patterns indicate the deterministic on-site localization of polaritons by the artificial mesa cavities.Varying the trapping sizes,the polariton-reservoir interaction strength is enhanced by about six times through managing the polariton–exciton spatial overlap.Meanwhile,the coherence of trapped polaritons is significantly improved due to the spectral narrowing and tailored in a picosecond range.Therefore,our work not only offers a convenient approach to manipulating the nonlinearity and coherence of polaritons but also opens up possibilities for exploring many-body phenomena and developing novel polaritonic devices based on 2D materials.