流变调节剂在二元喷雾产品中的影响

选择了化妆品中常用的5种流变调节剂(卡波姆,丙烯酰二甲基牛磺酸铵/VP共聚物,聚丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-6,黄原胶和纤维素),分别配制含不同质量分数聚合物的水溶液和乳液体系。采用流变仪及马尔文喷雾粒度分析仪研究流变与喷雾行为。利用激光粒度仪测试各流变剂在水中形成的微凝胶粒径分布,并跟踪了乳液体系的稳定性。分析了流变行为及喷雾效果与流变调节剂在水溶液中的微观结构的关系。结果发现,黄原胶因其分子量较大,激光粒度仪测试其水溶液颗粒相对较大,虽然具有较好的剪切变稀性能,但其法向应力较高,不能提供良好的喷雾性能。卡波姆等其他4种聚合物,微凝胶颗粒较小,卡波姆含量较高时,因微凝胶颗粒致密而相互作用,可提供相对较高的黏度与弹性模量,但不利于喷雾,而聚丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-6因其适中的弹性模量,屈服应力和较低的法向应力,可作为辅助流变调节剂帮助乳液体系稳定,同时可以提供优良的喷雾效果。

A Situation-Aware Collision Avoidance Strategy for Car-Following

In this paper, we discuss how to develop an appropriate collision avoidance strategy for car-following. This strategy aims to keep a good balance between traffic safety and efficiency while also taking into consideration the unavoidable uncertainty of position/speed perception/measurement of vehicles and other drivers. Both theoretical analysis and numerical testing results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

The Role and Mechanism of LncRNA-p21 in Regulating Gastric Cancer Metastasis by Mediating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Objective:To study the mechanism of lncRNA p21 inhibiting the growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells by mediating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods:Lentiviral overexpression of lncRNA-p21 in human gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cell transfections was observed and analyzed for in vitro migration,invasion,cell morphology and proliferation.Besides.Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was tested for direct involvement in lncRNA-p21-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cell growth and proliferation.Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was validated using Li-C1.Results:Gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells in the overexpression of lncRNA-p21 showed changes in stellate morphology,low invasion,or spindle-shaped morphology.LncRNA-p21 inhibited the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells both in vivo and in vitro,and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway mediated the proliferation,invasion,and migration of lncRNA-p21 on gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells.Conclusion:LncRNA-p21 can inhibit the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer SGC7901/GES-1 cells in vitro and in vivo,and the inhibition of lncRNA p21 is mainly mediated by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Role of CST1 in Promoting Gastric Cancer Metastasis and Analysis of Its Mechanism

Objective:To elucidate the role and mechanism of cysteine protease inhibitor SN(CST1)in promoting the metastasis of gastric cancer.Methods:(1)Firstly,6 pairs of cancer and paracancer tissue samples from gastric cancer patients without distant metastasis and 5 pairs of cancer and paracancer tissue samples from gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis were collected for transcriptome sequencing.Statistical analysis was performed on the sequencing results to identify significantly upregulated differential genes.(2)Another 75 pairs of cancer and paracancer tissue samples were collected from gastric cancer patients,and the protein and total RNA of gastric cancer tissue samples were extracted.Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)were used to detect the expression of CST1 protein and messenger RNA(mRNA)in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues.(3)The total protein and total RNA of AGS,BGC823,HGC-27,MGC803,MKN45,SGC7901,and SNU-1 gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells GES-1 were extracted.Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect CST1 protein and mRNA expression.Results:(1)The significantly upregulated differential gene CST1 was screened,and the expression of CST1 in gastric cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues.(2)Compared with normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells GES-1,the expression of CST1 in gastric cancer cell lines was upregulated,and the expression of CST1 in HGC-27 and SNU-1 was relatively low,while the expression of CST1 in AGS and MKN45 was relatively high.At the same time,a stable cell line of HGC-27 overexpressing CST1 and MKN45 knocking down CST1 was successfully constructed.(3)Overexpression or knockdown of CST1 did not significantly change the proliferation ability of gastric cancer cells,but can promote the migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells.(4)CST1 may promote the metastasis of gastric cancer cells by activating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)signaling pathway.Conclusion:CST1 gene promotes the migration of gastric cancer cells,and we found through animal experiments that CST1 can affect the metastasis and invasion function of gastric cancer and is negatively correlated with the level of E-cadherin.

Studies on the Analgesic Activity and Acute Toxicities of Bidens alba(L.) DC

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the analgesic effects and acute toxicities of Bidens alba (L.) DC.[Methods]The alcohol extract of B.alba (L.) DC was extracted and separated with petroleum ether and chloroform successively.The acute toxicities of the two extracts on mice were measured,and then the analgesic effects were measured with writhing pain model induced by acetic acid.[Results]No mice died when the crude dosages of B.alba (L.) DC from petroleum ether extract and chloroform extract were 5 016 and 5 100 mg/kg,respectively.When the petroleum ether extract was 60.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted mice induced by acetic acid was 40%,the analgesic rate was 77.5%,and the time of the first writhing was (294.0±165.8) s;when the chloroform extract was 20.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted animals was 55.6%,the analgesic rate was 51.5%,and the time of the first writhing was (273.8 ±153.4) s;and when the chloroform extract was 4.0 mg/kg,the percentage of twisted animals was 40%,and the analgesic rate was 62.1%,and the time of the first writhing was (370.6±231.3) s.[Conclusions]The petroleum ether extracts and chloroform extracts of B.alba (L.) DC have good analgesic effects and no acute toxicities.

Antiretroviral regimen change among people infected with HIV:evidence from a crosssectional study in China

Background:The rate of death among people living with HIV/AIDS has decreased significantly as a result of treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART).However,the issues of drug induced toxicities and complexity of current HAART regimens has remained of great concern.The aim of this study was to determine factors in uencing antiretroviral regimen changes among people living with HIV/AIDS in China.Methods:This retrospective study collected data through face-to-face interviews with people living with HIV/AIDS who were receiving HAART,and gathered relevant information from infectious disease hospitals.The following information were collected:social-demographic characteristics,antiretroviral therapies,CD4 cell counts,virus loads,reasons for changing medication and other related data.Mean and percentages were used to describe the frequency of regimen change among patients,and binary logistic regression was employed to test the factors in uencing regimen change.Results:1,123 people who had experienced regimen change were included in the analysis.On average,patients remained on HAART for 10.2 months before changing regimen,and the average CD4 cell count and viral load(VL)were 383.1 cells/ l and 28,132.4 copies/mL respectively when changing regimen.The reasons for modi cation were determined as treatment failure(52.5%),adverse reactions(32.3%),and other reasons including pregnancy(15.2%).There are significant differences in regimen change among people with different genders(P<0.001),modes of transmission(P<0.001),duration of HAART(P<0.001)and initial CD4 cell counts(P=0.0024).Males,drug users,people taking long-term medication,and those with lower initial CD4 counts when starting HAART tend to change regimen.Conclusion:Treatment failure was the main reason for the change of HAART regimen.Males,drug users,people on longterm medication and those with lower initial CD4 cell counts when starting HAART were most likely to change regimen.

In vivo formation of Cu(DDC)2 complex induced by nanomedicine for mesothelioma chemotherapy

The copper(Ⅱ)diethyldithiocarbamate(Cu(DDC)2)complex exhibited excellent inhibition to cancer cells.The usual administration is intravenous injection for disulfram and oral for copper.A new strategy was reported to improve the administration efficiency of the Cu(DDC)2 drug.Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA)nanoparticles were used to trap disulfram and copper gluconate separately,the two types of drug loaded nanoparticles were injected in mesothelioma-bearing nude mice via intraperitoneal injection.The in vivo formation of Cu(DDC)2 complex was induced by disulfiram and Cu^2+ released from PLGA nanoparticles.This stra tegy avoided many obstacles in the use of Cu(DDC)2 complex as chemothe rapeutic and exhibited excellent anticancer activity to mesothelioma.