外部环境变迁、服务动机激励与基层公务员变革行为——基于中国4省基层公务员调查的混合研究

新时代,全面深化改革进入深水区、攻坚期,变革行为俨然成为基层公务员适应新时代高素质干部队伍建设要求的典型行为模式。那么,新时代外部环境和服务动机的一系列变化如何综合作用于基层公务员的变革行为及心理?论文从行为公共管理视角出发,基于自我决定理论设计“环境认知—心理机制—行为表现”的混合研究思路:聚焦42名基层公务员进行扎根理论研究,“捕捉”出新时代影响基层公务员变革行为的核心要素——制度环境、领导授权、公共服务动机、变革承诺;同时,对多来源、多阶段获取的635套“领导-下属”匹配数据进行结构方程建模分析,研究发现:制度环境、领导授权、公共服务动机通过增强基层公务员的变革承诺来激励其变革行为。论文呈现了新时代基层公务员变革行为的多重激励逻辑,拓展了自我决定理论在基层公务员变革行为激励方面的有效应用,为新时代建设干事创业、担当作为的高素质基层干部队伍提供政策和管理启示。

公务员创新行为:文献述评与研究展望

创新行为俨然成为公务员适应新时代高素质干部队伍建设要求的典型行为模式,以及公共部门适应职能转变和服务再造要求的内生动力。本研究基于对已有研究的系统梳理与深入分析,构建了一个系统的公务员创新行为研究框架。本研究从公私部门成员创新行为差异及争议切入,围绕公务员创新行为的概念内涵、多层次影响因素及复杂作用机制进行系统回顾并展开评述,呈现新制度主义理论、自我决定理论等在公务员创新行为塑造中的深层逻辑。在此基础上,本研究展望未来方向:(1)以回应跨国文化背景、科层制组织特征、现实工作场景实现公务员创新的情境化研究;(2)在新时代中国场景中实现公务员创新行为的量表开发、跨层次系统性形成机理探索;(3)拓展公务员创新行为的效能机制研究,实现微观层面行为创新与中观层面组织创新、宏观层面政策创新的呼应衔接。

MicroRNA-26a inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation by targeting IGF-1

There are still controversies about the roles of microRNA-26a（miR-26a）in human malignancies,as it is a tumor suppressor in breast cancer,gastric cancer,and hepatocellular carcinoma,but is an oncogene in glioma and cholangiocarcinoma.Until now,the function of miR-26a in osteosarcoma remains largely elusive.Here,we found that miR-26a was downregualted in osteosarcoma tissues.Using in vitro and in vivo assays,we confirmed that miR-26a could inhibit the abilities of in vitro proliferation and suppress in vivo tumor growth in mouse model.Furthermore,we identified insulin-like growth factor 1（IGF-1）as a novel and direct target of miR-26a and revealed that miR-26a exerted its tumor-suppressor function,at least in part,by inhibiting IGF-1expression.These findings contribute to our understanding of the functions of miR-26a in osteosarcoma.

MoS2-Based Photodetectors Powered by Asymmetric Contact Structure with Large Work Function Difference

Self-powered devices are widely used in the detection and sensing fields.Asymmetric metal contacts provide an effective way to obtain self-powered devices.Finding two stable metallic electrode materials with large work function differences is the key to obtain highly efficient asymmetric metal contacts structures.However,common metal electrode materials have similar and high work functions,making it difficult to form an asymmetric contacts structure with a large work function difference.Herein,Mo2C crystals with low work function(3.8 eV) was obtained by chemical vapor deposition(CVD) method.The large work function difference between Mo2C and Au allowed us to synthesize an efficient Mo2C/MoS2/Au photodetector with asymmetric metal contact structure,which enables light detection without external electric power.We believe that this novel device provides a new direcfor the design of miniature self-powered photodetectors.These results also highlight the great potential of ultrathin Mo2C prepared by CVD in heterojunction device applications.

Synthesis,properties,and applications of black titanium dioxide nanomaterials

Photocatalysis has been regarded as one of best solutions to using the sunlight to produce hydrogen from water and to removing organic pollutants from the environment,and titanium dioxide(TiO_22) nanomaterials have been treated as the primary photocatalyst for these purposes. However,their large band gap has largely limited the activity to the UV region of the solar spectrum. The discovery of black TiO_2 n2011 has triggered world-wide research interests with new hope to overcome this problem. This review briefly summarizes the recent progresses of black TiO_2 nanomaterials,including their synthesis,properties and applications,to provide a timely update and to inspire more ideas in the related research.

Microwave absorption of aluminum/hydrogen treated titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Interactions between incident electromagnetic energy and matter are of critical importance for numerous civil and military applications such as photocatalysis,solar cells,optics,radar detection,communications,information processing and transport et al.Traditional mechanisms for such interactions in the microwave frequency mainly rely on dipole rotations and magnetic domain resonance.In this study,we present the first report of the microwave absorption of Al/H2 treated TiO_(2) nanoparticles,where the A_(l)/H_(2) treatment not only induces structural and optical property changes,but also largely improves the microwave absorption performance of TiO_(2) nanoparticles.Moreover,the frequency of the microwave absorption can be finely controlled with the treatment temperature,and the absorption efficiency can reach optimal values with a careful temperature tuning.A large reflection loss of
58.02 dB has been demonstrated with 3.1mm TiO_(2) coating when the treating temperature is 700℃.The high efficiency of microwave absorption is most likely linked to the disordering-induced property changes in the materials.Along with the increased microwave absorption properties are largely increased visiblelight and IR absorptions,and enhanced electrical conductivity and reduced skin-depth,which is likely related to the interfacial defects within the TiO_(2) nanoparticles caused by the Al/H2 treatment.

The HuangZaoSi Maize Genome Provides Insights into Genomic Variation and Improvement History of Maize

Maize is a globally important crop that was a classic model plant for genetic studies. Here, we report a 2.2 Gb draft genome sequence of an elite maize line, HuangZaoSi (HZS). Hybrids bred from HZS-improved lines (HILs) are planted in more than 60% of maize fields in China. Proteome clustering of six completed sequeneed maize genomes show that 638 proteins fall into 264 HZS-specific gene families with the majority of contributions from tandem duplication events. Resequencing and comparative analysis of 40 HZSrelated lines reveals the breeding history of HILs. More than 60% of identified selective sweeps were clustered in identity.by.descent conserved regions, and yield-related genes/QTLs were enriched in HZS characteristic selected regions. Furthermore, we dem on strated that HZS-specific family genes were not uniformly distributed in the genome but enriched in improvement/function.related genomic regions. This study provides an important and novel resource for maize genome research and expands our knowledge on the breadth of genomic variation and improvement history of maize.

Doped, conductive SiO_(2) nanoparticles for large microwave absorption

Although many materials have been studied for the purpose of microwave absorption,SiO_(2) has never been reported as a good candidate.In this study,we present for the first time that doped,microwave conductive SiO_(2) nanoparticles can possess an excellent microwave absorbing performance.A large microwave reflection loss(RL)of−55.09 dB can be obtained.The large microwave absorption originates mainly from electrical relaxation rather than the magnetic relaxation of the incoming microwave field.The electrical relaxation is attributed to a large electrical conductivity that is enabled by the incorporation of heterogeneous(N,C and Cl)atoms.The removal of the magnetic susceptibility only results in a negligible influence of the microwave absorption.In contrast,the removal of the heterogeneous atoms leads to a large decrease in the electrical conductivity and microwave absorption performance.Meanwhile,the microwave absorption characteristics can be largely adjusted with a change of the thickness,which provides large flexibility for various microwave absorption applications.

Identification and analysis of mouse non-coding RNA using transcriptome data

Transcripts are expressed spatially and temporally and they are very complicated, precise and specific; however, most studies are focused on protein-coding related genes. Recently, massively parallel c DNA sequencing(RNA-seq) has emerged to be a new and promising tool for transcriptome research, and numbers of non-coding RNAs, especially linc RNAs, have been widely identified and well characterized as important regulators of diverse biological processes. In this study, we used ultra-deep RNA-seq data from 15 mouse tissues to study the diversity and dynamic of non-coding RNAs in mouse. Using our own criteria, we identified totally 16,249 non-coding genes(21,569 non-coding RNAs) in mouse. We annotated these non-coding RNAs by diverse properties and found non-coding RNAs are generally shorter, have fewer exons, express in lower level and are more strikingly tissue-specific compared with protein-coding genes. Moreover, these non-coding RNAs show significant enrichment with transcriptional initiation and elongation signals including histone modifications(H3K4me3, H3K27me3 and H3K36me3), RNAPII binding sites and CAGE tags. The gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA) result revealed several sets of linc RNAs associated with diverse biological processes such as immune effector process, muscle development and sexual reproduction. Taken together, this study provides a more comprehensive annotation of mouse non-coding RNAs and gives an opportunity for future functional and evolutionary study of mouse non-coding RNAs.