Extracellular vesicles from human urine-derived stem cells delay aging through the transfer of PLAU and TIMP1

Aging increases the risks of various diseases and the vulnerability to death.Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging that contributes greatly to aging and aging-related diseases.This study demonstrates that extracellular vesicles from human urine-derived stem cells(USC-EVs)efficiently inhibit cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo.The intravenous injection of USC-EVs improves cognitive function,increases physical fitness and bone quality,and alleviates aging-related structural changes in different organs of senescence-accelerated mice and natural aging mice.The anti-aging effects of USC-EVs are not obviously affected by the USC donors’ages,genders,or health status.Proteomic analysis reveals that USC-EVs are enriched with plasminogen activator urokinase(PLAU)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1(TIMP1).These two proteins contribute importantly to the anti-senescent effects of USC-EVs associated with the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases,cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(P16INK4a),and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A(P21cip1).These findings suggest a great potential of autologous USC-EVs as a promising anti-aging agent by transferring PLAU and TIMP1 proteins.

Joint Pilot Design and Beamforming Optimization in Massive MIMO Surveillance Systems

This paper proposes a novel joint channel estimation and beamforming scheme for the massive multiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO)frequency-division duplexing(FDD) wireless legitimate surveillance system. With the proposed scheme,the monitor with the full duplex capability realizes the proactive eavesdropping of the suspicious link by leveraging the pilot attack approach. Specifically, exploiting the effective eavesdropping rate and the mean square error as performance metrics and setting a total power budget at the training and transmission phases,while guaranteeing the information from suspicious source can be successfully decode, joint pilot design,power allocation and beamforming strategy are formulated as optimization problems for the two objective functions: MSE and effective eavesdropping rate. A closed-form expression of the optimal pilot with the limited length can be obtained via the channel correlation. The optimal power problem at the training phase can be solved by a simple bisection method. Then,based on the obtained imperfect estimated channel,the jamming beamforming at monitor optimization algorithm is proposed by utilizing the convex Semidefinite Programming approach to maximize the effective eavesdropping rate. Numerical results show that the proposed joint pilot design, power allocation and beamforming optimization scheme can improve the surveillance performance of the legitimate monitor as compared to the existing passive eavesdropping and jamming-assisted eavesdropping.

鸡粪沼液复合微生物有机肥在温室樱桃番茄上的应用效果研究

为了探讨鸡粪沼液复合微生物有机肥在樱桃番茄上的田间应用效果,在滴灌施肥的条件下,设置化肥和液体复合微生物有机肥两个处理进行对比应用,结果表明施用液体复合微生物有机肥的处理其单果重可提高39.69%,含糖量可提高11.94%,茎粗可提高8.76%,Vc含量可提高5.72%,产量可提高30.95%,节约成本1.32%,可有效促进作物生长,提高果实着色均匀度,提高作物抗病性。同时,土壤速效氮提高6.87%,土壤速效磷46.23%,土壤速效钾提高16.86%,有机质含量提高12.64%,为作物提供了良好的生长环境。说明液体复合微生物有机肥对作物产量、品质以及土壤改良均有显著的提升作用,具有一定的应用前景。

Validation of proposed diagnostic criteria for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

To the Editor:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA)is an allergic lung disease caused by hypersensitivity to antigens from Aspergillus,and it most commonly occurs in patients with asthma or cysticbrosis.[1]The main clinical characteristics of the disease are those related to elevated serum immunoglubulin(Ig)E level,positive Aspergillus fumigatus(A.fumigatus)specic IgE/IgG,repeated pulmonary inltration,and bronchiectasis.However,due to the lack of unied diagnostic criteria and screening methods,ABPA is always underdiagnosed.In 2021,new diagnostic criteria were proposed for allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis(ABPM)in the Japanese population.

Design,synthesis and bioassay of the emerging photo-responsive fungicides

Precise and spatiotemporal control over the pesticide remains to be a challenge.More efficient controlled release systems(CRSs)have been developed to support the precise delivery of active ingredients.Herein,we incorporated the photoremovable protecting groups(PRPGs)into phenamacril(PHE)and obtained two photo-responsive fungicides of NV-PHE and DEACM-PHE.The 4,5-dimethoxy-o-nitrobenzyl(NV)or 7-diethylaminocoumarin(DEACM)-caged PHE could release the active molecule PHE after irradiation of UV light and blue light,respectively.Optical properties and in-vitro/vivo fungicidal activities of NV-PHE and DEACM-PHE demonstrated the feasibility for light controlled release of PHE.DEACM-PHE could release 98%PHE by illumination of blue light.The irradiated DEACM-PHE could preserve the similar bioactivity of PHE,and significantly improve the in-vitro/vivo fungicidal activities compared to the non-irradiated DEACM-PHE.The optical controlled release of PHE from DEACM-PHE enabled the precise and spatiotemporal delivery of PHE,diversifying the development of CRSs for pesticide,and providing environmentfriendly agricultural applications with high pesticide efficiency.

Emerging probing perspective of two-dimensional materials physics:terahertz emission spectroscopy

Terahertz(THz)emission spectroscopy(TES)has emerged as a highly effective and versatile technique for investigating the photoelectric properties of diverse materials and nonlinear physical processes in the past few decades.Concurrently,research on two-dimensional(2D)materials has experienced substantial growth due to their atomically thin structures,exceptional mechanical and optoelectronic properties,and the potential for applications in flexible electronics,sensing,and nanoelectronics.Specifically,these materials offer advantages such as tunable bandgap,high carrier mobility,wideband optical absorption,and relatively short carrier lifetime.By applying TES to investigate the 2D materials,their interfaces and heterostructures,rich information about the interplay among photons,charges,phonons and spins can be unfolded,which provides fundamental understanding for future applications.Thus it is timely to review the nonlinear processes underlying THz emission in 2D materials including optical rectification,photon-drag,high-order harmonic generation and spin-to-charge conversion,showcasing the rich diversity of the TES employed to unravel the complex nature of these materials.Typical applications based on THz emissions,such as THz lasers,ultrafast imaging and biosensors,are also discussed.Step further,we analyzed the unique advantages of spintronic terahertz emitters and the future technological advancements in the development of new THz generation mechanisms leading to advanced THz sources characterized by wide bandwidth,high power and integration,suitable for industrial and commercial applications.The continuous advancement and integration of TES with the study of 2D materials and heterostructures promise to revolutionize research in different areas,including basic materials physics,novel optoelectronic devices,and chips for post-Moore’s era.

基于AI的情绪识别在组织中的实践:现状、未来和挑战

人工智能(AI)的蓬勃发展为组织内员工情绪的识别、评估和管理带来新契机的同时,也对组织管理领域既往的研究模式提出了挑战。基于AI的情绪识别研究作为一个新兴的交叉研究领域,仍未得到组织实践者的积极关注,学界对AI情绪识别缺乏全面正确的认识。本文首先对基于AI的情绪识别模型进行理论探讨,重点介绍AI情绪识别的技术路线与意义。在此基础上,对AI情绪识别的技术路线提出展望,并指出AI情绪识别在组织管理领域中能够帮助研究者优化情绪测量工具、拓展研究视角并推动组织管理的实践。最后,对AI情绪识别在未来发展中可能面临的伦理问题和效度问题进行讨论。

Does ＂lnternet Plus＂ Promote New Export Space for Firms？ Evidence from China

Based on data from the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database, this paper investigates the effect of ＂Internet Plus＂ on the trade destination mix at the enterprise level The analysis extends the classic dual margins to three dimensions： destination extensive, destination intensive and destination structural margins. The paper suggests that connecting to the internet not only raises Chinese firms＇propensity to export, but also extends the destination extensive margin. In addition, Internet Plus could create a synergistic effect for internet-enabled enterprises, that is, the development of the destination country＇s internet access benefits domestic firms＇export participation. Finally, the paper finds that lnternet Plus, rather than increasing the intensive or structural margins, leads to the transfer of exports to lower-middle-income countries and helps firms achieve competitiveness and thus increases their profit. The paper provides an explanatory mechanism and empirical evidence for firms ＇use of the internet to optimize export space.

Hyperbranched Supramolecular Polymer of Tris(permethyl-β- cyclodextrin)s with Porphyrins: Characterization and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A hyperbranched supramolecular polymer(HSP)is constructed based on the intermolecular inclusion complexation of bridged tris(permethyl-β-cyclodextrin)with Mn^(Ⅲ)-porphyrin bearing poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)side chains(Mn^(Ⅲ)-TPP),and characterized by UV/vis absorption spectroscopy,isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC),NMR,dynamic light scattering(DLS),atomic force microscopy(AFM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),respectively.The presence of permethyl-β-cyclodextrin can stabilize the low-valent Mn^(II)-TPP.In vitro cell experiment indicates that this HSP has no remarkable cellular toxicity against NIH 3T3 cells.In vitro MR imaging experiment indicates a slightly increased T_(1) relaxivity for this HSP compared to that for the linear supramolecular polymer.

Structural covariance network of the hippocampus–amygdala complex in medication-nale patients with first-episode major depressive disorder

Background The hippocampus and amygdala are densely interconnected structures that work together in multiple affective and cognitive processes that are important to the etiology of major depressive disorder(MDD).Each of these structures consists of several heterogeneous subfields.We aim to explore the topologic properties of the volume-based intrinsic network within the hippocampus–amygdala complex in medication-nale patients with first-episode MDD.Methods High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from 123 first-episode,medication-nale,and noncomorbid MDD patients and 81 age-,sex-,and education level-matched healthy control participants(HCs).The structural covariance network(SCN)was constructed for each group using the volumes of the hippocampal subfields and amygdala subregions;the weights of the edges were defined by the partial correlation coefficients between each pair of subfields/subregions,controlled for age,sex,education level,and intracranial volume.The global and nodal graphmetrics were calculated and compared between groups.Results Compared with HCs,the SCN within the hippocampus–amygdala complex in patients with MDD showed a shortened mean characteristic path length,reduced modularity,and reduced small-worldness index.At the nodal level,the left hippocampal tail showed increased measures of centrality,segregation,and integration,while nodes in the left amygdala showed decreased measures of centrality,segregation,and integration in patients with MDD compared with HCs.Conclusion Our results provide the first evidence of atypical topologic characteristics within the hippocampus–amygdala complex in patients with MDD using structure network analysis.It provides more delineate mechanism of those two structures that underlying neuropathologic process in MDD.