The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probe,Cy5.5-d-glucosamine(Cy5.5-2DG),can image arthritis in collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice.The presence of arthritis was verif...The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probe,Cy5.5-d-glucosamine(Cy5.5-2DG),can image arthritis in collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice.The presence of arthritis was verified by both visual examination and micro-computed tomography(MicroCT)imaging.CIA mice were imaged by a micro-positron emission tomography(MicroPET)scanner one hour after intravenous injection of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose([18F]FDG).After radioactivity of[18F]FDG decayed away,Cy5.5-2DG was injected into a lateral tail vein of the mice.Arthritic tissue targeting and retention of Cy5.5-2DG in CIA mice were evaluated and quantified by an optical imaging system.Inflammatory tissue in CIA mice was clearly visualized by[18F]FDG-MicroPET scan.NIRF imaging of Cy5.5-2DG in the same mice revealed that the pattern of localization of Cy5.5-2DG in the arthritic tissue was very similar to that of[18F]FDG.Quantification analysis further showed that[18F]FDG uptake in arthritic tissues at one hour post-injection(p.i.)and Cy5.5-2DG uptakes at different time points p.i.were all well correlated(r2 over 0.65).In conclusion,Cy5.5-DG can detect arthritic tissues in living mice.The good correlation between the[18F]FDG uptake and Cy5.5-2DG accumulation in the same arthritic tissue warrants further investigation of Cy5.5-2DG as an approach for assessment of anti-inflammatory treatments.展开更多
Vaccination is a major achievement that has become an effective prevention strategy against infectious diseases and active control of emerging pathogens worldwide.In response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)p...Vaccination is a major achievement that has become an effective prevention strategy against infectious diseases and active control of emerging pathogens worldwide.In response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,several diverse vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been developed and deployed for use in a large number of individuals,and have been reported to protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths.However,the application of vaccines has a series of limitations,including protective failure for variants of concern,unavailability of individuals due to immune deficiency,and the disappearance of immune protection for increasing infections in vaccinated individuals.These aspects raise the question of how to modulate the immune system that contributes to the COVID-19 vaccine protective effects.Herbal medicines are widely used for their immune regulatory abilities in clinics.More attractively,herbal medicines have been well accepted for their positive role in the COVID-19 prevention and suppression through regulation of the immune system.This review presents a brief overview of the strategy of COVID-19 vaccination and the response of the immune system to vaccines,the regulatory effects and mechanisms of herbal medicine in immune-related macrophages,natural killer cells,dendritic cells,and lymphocytes T and B cells,and how they help vaccines work.Later in the article,the potential role and application of herbal medicines in the most recent COVID-19 vaccination are discussed.This article provides new insights into herbal medicines as promising alternative supplements that may benefit from COVID-19 vaccination.展开更多
In this paper, we propose least-squares images(LS-images) as a basis for a novel edgepreserving image smoothing method. The LS-image requires the value of each pixel to be a convex linear combination of its neighbors,...In this paper, we propose least-squares images(LS-images) as a basis for a novel edgepreserving image smoothing method. The LS-image requires the value of each pixel to be a convex linear combination of its neighbors, i.e., to have zero Laplacian, and to approximate the original image in a least-squares sense. The edge-preserving property inherits from the edge-aware weights for constructing the linear combination. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high quality results compared to previous state-of-theart works. We also show diverse applications of LSimages, such as detail manipulation, edge enhancement,and clip-art JPEG artifact removal.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.90508003)National Cancer Institute(NCI)Small Animal Imaging Resource Program(SAIRP)Grant R24 CA93862NCI In Vivo Cellular Molecular Imaging Center(ICMIC)Grant P50 CA114747(SSG).
文摘The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a near-infrared fluorescence(NIRF)probe,Cy5.5-d-glucosamine(Cy5.5-2DG),can image arthritis in collagen-induced arthritic(CIA)mice.The presence of arthritis was verified by both visual examination and micro-computed tomography(MicroCT)imaging.CIA mice were imaged by a micro-positron emission tomography(MicroPET)scanner one hour after intravenous injection of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose([18F]FDG).After radioactivity of[18F]FDG decayed away,Cy5.5-2DG was injected into a lateral tail vein of the mice.Arthritic tissue targeting and retention of Cy5.5-2DG in CIA mice were evaluated and quantified by an optical imaging system.Inflammatory tissue in CIA mice was clearly visualized by[18F]FDG-MicroPET scan.NIRF imaging of Cy5.5-2DG in the same mice revealed that the pattern of localization of Cy5.5-2DG in the arthritic tissue was very similar to that of[18F]FDG.Quantification analysis further showed that[18F]FDG uptake in arthritic tissues at one hour post-injection(p.i.)and Cy5.5-2DG uptakes at different time points p.i.were all well correlated(r2 over 0.65).In conclusion,Cy5.5-DG can detect arthritic tissues in living mice.The good correlation between the[18F]FDG uptake and Cy5.5-2DG accumulation in the same arthritic tissue warrants further investigation of Cy5.5-2DG as an approach for assessment of anti-inflammatory treatments.
基金This work was supported by the Science and Technology Project of Tianjin(22ZXGBSY00020,22ZYJDSS00080 and 21ZYJFJC0070)National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2021YFC1712904).
文摘Vaccination is a major achievement that has become an effective prevention strategy against infectious diseases and active control of emerging pathogens worldwide.In response to the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,several diverse vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been developed and deployed for use in a large number of individuals,and have been reported to protect against symptomatic COVID-19 cases and deaths.However,the application of vaccines has a series of limitations,including protective failure for variants of concern,unavailability of individuals due to immune deficiency,and the disappearance of immune protection for increasing infections in vaccinated individuals.These aspects raise the question of how to modulate the immune system that contributes to the COVID-19 vaccine protective effects.Herbal medicines are widely used for their immune regulatory abilities in clinics.More attractively,herbal medicines have been well accepted for their positive role in the COVID-19 prevention and suppression through regulation of the immune system.This review presents a brief overview of the strategy of COVID-19 vaccination and the response of the immune system to vaccines,the regulatory effects and mechanisms of herbal medicine in immune-related macrophages,natural killer cells,dendritic cells,and lymphocytes T and B cells,and how they help vaccines work.Later in the article,the potential role and application of herbal medicines in the most recent COVID-19 vaccination are discussed.This article provides new insights into herbal medicines as promising alternative supplements that may benefit from COVID-19 vaccination.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61402300, 61373160, 61363048, 61173102, 61370143, and 61202261)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. F2014210127)+2 种基金the Funded Projects for Introduction of Overseas Scholars of Hebei ProvinceFunds for Excellent Young Scholar of Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityScientific and Technological Development Plan of Jilin Province (No. 20130522113JH)
文摘In this paper, we propose least-squares images(LS-images) as a basis for a novel edgepreserving image smoothing method. The LS-image requires the value of each pixel to be a convex linear combination of its neighbors, i.e., to have zero Laplacian, and to approximate the original image in a least-squares sense. The edge-preserving property inherits from the edge-aware weights for constructing the linear combination. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high quality results compared to previous state-of-theart works. We also show diverse applications of LSimages, such as detail manipulation, edge enhancement,and clip-art JPEG artifact removal.
