Effects of Health Qigong Exercise on Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Objective: This study explored the effects of Health Qigong exercise on depression and anxiety in patients withParkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: A total of 42 volunteers who met the inclusion criteria were recruited andrandomly allocated into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group carried out60-minute sessions of Health Qigong exercise five times a week for 12 weeks while the control group did not performany regular physical exercise. Data on cognitive impairment, psychomotor retardation, somatic anxiety,weight loss and sleep disorders, the sum score of the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17), stateanxiety, trait anxiety as well as the sum score of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were collected for threerepeated measurements (baseline, 6, and 12 weeks). Results: Significant differences were observed in depression,state anxiety, trait anxiety, cognitive impairment and psychomotor retardation in the experimental group but nodifference in somatic anxiety, weight loss and sleep disorders. Conclusion: Health Qigong exercise can pose positivepsychological effects and alleviate the depression and anxiety in patients with Parkinson’s disease. It can beapplied as an accessible supplement to the existent drug treatment for PD.

术前/输血前筛查血源性传播疾病风险检测方法比较的多中心研究

目的对医院术前/输血前患者开展血源性传播疾病筛查方法比较的多中心研究,以探索更优的临床血源性传播疾病筛查方案。方法收集2021年7月至2021年12月10家医院拟进行术前/输血前血源性传播疾病检测的入院患者血浆样本,进行横断面研究。采用核酸检测技术检测乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)RNA和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)(1+2)RNA,并同时与参与医院现行的免疫血清学检测方法的结果进行比较,用χ^(2)检验和Kappa检验统计分析核酸检测和免疫血清学这2种方法的差异。结果10家医院共收集到有效样本8655例。在HCV的检测中,2种方法的阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);在HBV和HIV的检测中,2种方法的阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但HBV DNA和HIV RNA检出的阳性例数(分别为238、4例)均多于相应的血清学检测结果(分别为216、2例)。HBV、HCV和HIV的免疫血清学均存在漏检情况,其中,HBsAg阴性、HBV DNA阳性28例,HCV抗体阴性、HCV RNA阳性2例,HIV抗原/抗体阴性、HIV RNA阳性2例。在2种检测方法结果不一致的66份样本中,年龄>45岁、肿瘤、外科、男性患者分别占83.3%(55/66)、68.2%(45/66)、63.6%(42/66)和62.1%(41/66)。结论核酸检测相对于免疫血清学检测,能及时检出HBV、HCV、HIV感染者,减少漏检。45岁以上、肿瘤患者等进行术前/输血前免疫血清学筛查的同时,用HBV、HCV、HIV核酸检测筛查可降低传播风险。

核酸检测在入院患者乙型肝炎病毒筛查中的应用

目的探讨核酸检测在入院患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)筛查中的应用。方法横断面研究。收集2021年7月至2021年12月,国内10家医疗机构入院患者血浆样本,采用血清学免疫法和核酸筛查的方法,分别检测乙型肝炎标记性指标如乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)、乙型肝炎e抗体(HBeAb)、乙型肝炎核心抗体(HBcAb)及HBV DNA,对不同方法学检测结果阳性数及患者临床信息进行统计学分析。结果8655例患者样本中,血清学免疫法检出HBsAg阳性者216例(2.50%),核酸筛查出HBV DNA阳性者238例(2.75%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中,HBsAg、HBV DNA均阳性者210例(2.43%),HBsAg阴性、HBV DNA阳性者28例(0.32%),HBsAg阳性、HBV DNA阴性者6例(0.07%)。结论对入院需行乙型肝炎病毒筛查患者开展HBV DNA检测,可与现行的血清学免疫法同样有效且能提高HBV的检出率。

Solid–Liquid Composites with High Impact Resistance

Solid–liquid composites(SLCs)with novel thermal/electronic/mechanical properties imparted by programmable and functional liquid inclusions have attracted considerable research interest in recent years,and are widely used in smart electronics and soft robotics.The feasible application of SLCs requires that they exhibit excellent static physical properties as well as dynamic impact resistance to satisfy complex service conditions,such as drops and impacts.This paper examined the impact resistance of SLCs fabricated by using microfluidic 3D printing.The results of dynamic split-Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)tests showed that the performance of the fabricated SLCs improved in terms of energy dissipation and impact resistance compared with pristine materials.In case of dynamic impact in the strain rates ranging from 100 to 400s−1,the SLC specimen deformed without fracture,and its energy dissipation was dominated by the viscosity of the liquid inclusions.For dynamic impact in the strain rates ranging from 500 to 800s−1,the SLC specimen fractured and its energy dissipation was determined by the volume fraction of the liquid inclusions.Thus,the energy dissipation of the SLCs could be tuned by regulating the viscosity and volume fraction of the liquid inclusions to satisfy the requirements of protection against different strain rates.Furthermore,the process of fracture of the SLCs under the dynamic SHPB tests was recorded and analyzed by using a high-speed camera.The results showed that distributed liquid inclusions changed the paths of crack propagation to enhance energy dissipation in the SLCs.This study experimentally verified the enhancement in the energy dissipation of SLCs,and provided design strategies for developing multifunctional SLCs with high impact resistance.

中国住院患者乙型和丙型肝炎核酸筛查的成本效果分析

目的比较中国住院患者采用乙型和丙型肝炎核酸筛查、免疫学筛查和无筛查策略时不同支付意愿(WTP)下的成本效果,探索最优策略。方法以核酸筛查、免疫学筛查和无筛查为研究策略,2021年我国国内生产总值(GDP)80976元为WTP阈值,构建马尔可夫模型。引入住院患者乙型和丙型肝炎诊断治疗相关参数后,采用TreeAge Pro 2021软件创建以10万例住院患者作为模拟队列的决策树模型,计算不同筛查策略的总成本、总效果、增量成本效果比和平均成本效果比,进行成本效果比较和评估。采用单因素和概率敏感性分析用于评估参数不确定性对最终结果的影响。结果相对无筛查策略,对队列患者乙型肝炎免疫学筛查策略增量总成本为11049536元,增量成本效果比为24762元/质量调整寿命年(QALY),而核酸筛查获得增量总成本19208059元,增量成本效果比为29873元/QALY;核酸与免疫学筛查比较增量成本效果比为45834元/QALY。相对无筛查策略,丙型肝炎免疫学筛查策略增量成本效果比为5731元/QALY,核酸筛查策略增量成本效果比为8722元/QALY,核酸筛查与免疫学筛查的增量效果比为45591元/QALY。概率敏感性分析结果显示,当核酸检测费用超过214.53元时,在1倍GDP的WTP值下进行乙型肝炎核酸筛查不具有成本效果。当核酸检测费用超过132.18元时,在1倍GDP的WTP值下进行丙型肝炎筛查不具有成本效果。结论核酸筛查策略能获得更多的成本效果。与对住院患者乙型和丙型肝炎无筛查策略比较,无论是核酸筛查还是免疫学筛查策略均具有成本效果。

PatU3 plays a central role in coordinating cell division and differentiation in pattern formation of filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp.PCC 7120

Spatial periodic signal for cell differentiation in some multicellular organisms is generated according to Turing's principle for pattern formation.How a dividing cell responds to the signal of differentiation is addressed with the filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc sp.PCC 7120,which forms the patterned distribution of heterocysts.We show that differentiation of a dividing cell was delayed until its division was completed and only one daughter cell became heterocyst.A mutant of patU3,which encodes an inhibitor of heterocyst formation,showed no such delay and formed heterocyst pairs from the daughter cells of cell division or dumbbell-shaped heterocysts from the cells undergoing cytokinesis.The patA mutant,which forms heterocysts only at the filament ends,restored intercalary heterocysts by a single nucleotide mutation of patU3,and double mutants of patU3/patA and patU3/hetF had the phenotypes of the patU3 mutant.We provide evidence that HetF,which can degrade PatU3,is recruited to cell divisome through its C-terminal domain.A HetF mutant with its N-terminal peptidase domain but lacking the C-terminal domain could not prevent the formation of heterocyst pairs,suggesting that the divisome recruitment of HetF is needed to sequester HetF for the delay of differentiation in dividing cells.Our study demonstrates that PatU3 plays a key role in celldivision coupled control of differentiation.