3种经自然腔道取标本手术方式治疗直肠癌的安全性与肿瘤学预后对比研究

目的:探讨经自然腔道取标本手术(natural orifice specimen extraction surgery,NOSES)的安全性,并比较3种取标术式在直肠癌治疗中的近期疗效和远期预后。方法:回顾性分析接受腹腔镜NOSES的Ⅰ~Ⅲ期直肠癌患者的临床资料。直肠NOSES手术包括外翻切除式、拉出切除式和切除拖出式3种。比较3种取标本方式的术后并发症、5年无病生存期(disease-free survival,DFS)、5年局部复发率(local recurrence rate,LRR)和5年远处转移率(distant metastasis rate,DMR)等指标。结果:本研究共有268例直肠癌患者符合入组标准,包括83例外翻切除式,75例拉出切除式,110例切除拖出式。肿瘤位置与手术方式的选择具有显著相关性,术后全部患者的并发症发生率为12.3%,其中外翻切除组为18.1%,高于拉出切除组(13.3%)和切除拖出组(7.3%),P=0.073。全部患者5年DFS、LRR及DMR分别是85.0%、4.2%和11.0%。切除拖出组患者5年DFS高于其他两组,外翻切除组患者5年LRR要高于其他两组,而5年DMR在外翻切除组中最低,差异均无统计学意义。结论:直肠癌NOSES 3种术式具有良好安全性和肿瘤学预后,肿瘤位置是选择手术方式的决定因素。

Preliminary surgical outcomes of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with transrectal specimen extraction:a propensity score matching study of 120 cases(with video)

Background:Compared with conventional laparoscopic surgery,natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES)has many advantages.Laparoscopic right colectomy with transvaginal specimen extraction has been reported,but the safety and feasibility of transrectal specimen extraction in male patients with ascending colon cancer remain to be verified.This study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with transrectal specimen extraction.Methods:The study was conducted at a single tertiary medical center in China.A total of 494 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic right colectomy between September 2018 and September 2020 were included.Transrectal specimen extraction was performed in 40 male patients(the NOSES group).Patients in the NOSES group were matched to the conventional laparoscopic group using propensity score matching at a 1:2 ratio.Short-term and long-term outcomes between the two groups were compared and evaluated.Results:Forty patients in the NOSES group and 80 patients in the conventional laparoscopic group were matched for analysis.Baseline characteristics were balanced after propensity matching.The operative features,including operating time,intraoperative bleeding,and the number of harvested lymph nodes,were statistically comparable in both groups.In terms of post-operative recovery,patients in the NOSES group showed preferable outcomes,as evidenced by less post-operative pain and faster return to flatus,defecation,and discharge.The post-operative complications rate,according to the Clavien–Dindo classification system,was similar in both groups.No differences in overall survival or disease-free survival were observed between the two groups.Conclusions:Laparoscopic right colectomy with transrectal specimen extraction is oncologically safe.Compared with conventional laparoscopic right colectomy,it can reduce post-operative pain,accelerate post-operative recovery,shorten the hospital stay,and achieve better cosmetic effect.

Short-term and oncological outcomes of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES)for colorectal cancer in China:a national database study of 5055 patients

经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)通过无切口理念与常规手术器械的结合,表现出极佳的微创效果,并带给患者全新的就医感受.目前,尽管NOSES已广泛用于结直肠肿瘤治疗,大量研究也表明相比常规腹腔镜手术,NOSES具有恢复快、创伤小、疼痛轻等优势,但绝大多数研究均为小样本、单中心回顾性研究.本研究旨在通过分析我国5055例结直肠肿瘤NOSES患者数据,进一步探讨NOSES的短期疗效与预后.研究对象中,经直肠NOSES占整体比例的90.3%,经阴道NOSES占9.7%.NOSES术后短期并发症发生率为14.1%,吻合口瘘发生率为4.9%,腹盆腔感染率为1.9%.患者3年总生存率为93.2%,无病生存率为82.2%,局部复发率为3.6%.研究结果提示NOSES具有较好的安全性与可行性,为其应用于结直肠肿瘤治疗提供了证据.

International guideline on natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES)for colorectal cancer(2023 version)

Purpose In recent years,natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES)has gained widespread attention as an alternative approach.Although the safety and feasibility of NOSES have been well documented,many questions remain open for discussion.The aim of this guideline is to provide more evidence for the promotion of NOSES.Methods This guideline has been prepared by the CACA Committee of Colorectal Cancer Society and the International NOSES Alliance,based on the latest evidence.Results The guideline on NOSES for colorectal cancer include the definition,classification,technology requirement,indications,technical difficulties and clinical research.Conclusion The guideline provides a full introduction of the theoretical and technical aspects of NOSES for colorectal cancer which will beneficial to development of NOSES.