目标体温管理对体外心肺复苏患者神经功能结局和出院生存率影响的系统评价

目的系统评价目标体温管理对体外心肺复苏(extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation,ECPR)患者神经功能结局和出院生存率的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane Library、Elsevier、Web of Science、Ovid、中国知网、万方、SinoMed、中华医学期刊全文数据库中关于目标体温管理对ECPR患者结局指标影响的文献,检索时限均从建库至2023年6月1日。严格按照纳入排除标准进行筛选,提取资料,评价文献质量,采用RevMan 5.3软件对纳入研究进行Meta分析。结果共纳入8篇研究,包括3687例ECPR患者。与非目标体温管理组比较,目标体温管理未能显著改善患者神经功能结局(OR=1.37,95%CI 0.89~2.13,P=0.16)和出院生存率(OR=0.98,95%CI 0.82~1.15,P=0.77),且两组出血、下肢缺血、肾损伤和感染等ECMO相关并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(OR=1.24,95%CI 0.91~1.68,P=0.17)。结论目标体温管理对ECPR患者的神经结局和出院生存率无显著改善作用,但不会加重ECMO相关并发症的发生。

Influence of Li^(+)/Al^(3+) on the corrosion behavior of Li-Al layered double hydroxides(LDHs) film on LA51 magnesium alloys

A hierarchical superhydrophobic Al-Li layered double hydroxide(LDH)films with different Li^(+)/Al^(3+)molar ratios of 1:1,1:2,2:1,p H value of 11.5 and reaction temperature of 125°C,have been fabricated on the surface of Mg-5Li-1Al(LA51)alloys by hydrothermal method following the characteristics of controllable cation structure and exchangeable anion between layers.The properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffractometer(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS).XRD and SEM results indicate that the Al-Li LDH films are successfully prepared on LA51 alloys.The contact angle(CA)was measured to be about100.7°,indicating that the surface wettability of the film converted from hydrophilic to hydrophobic by surface modification.The corrosion resistance of Al-Li LDH films was evaluated by Tafel polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).Surprisingly,Tafel polarization curve and EIS test reveal that the Al-Li LDH films prepared at the molar ratio of Li^(+)/Al^(3+)1:2,p H 11.5 and temperature125°C have better corrosion resistance in 0.1 M Na Cl neutral solution.In addition,the formation mechanism and corrosion mechanism of the films on the surface of LA51 alloy are also proposed.It provides innovative synthetic materials and novel design ideas for the preparation of high-efficiency anti-corrosion coatings on LA51 alloys,whose application can be extended in industrial fields.

Potential beneficial effects of functional components of edible plants on COVID-19: Based on their anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effect on SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19,caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),is a major public health threat.Edible plants are rich in bioactive components,with a variety of functions,such as enhancing immunity,antiviral,anti-inflammatory and so on.Thus,the intake of edible plants to boost the body's resistance to COVID-19 is a promising and possibly affordable strategy.This review revisits the effects of functional components from edible plants(such as polyphenols,polysaccharides,lectin,alkaloids,polyunsaturated fatty acids,terpenoids,and saponins)on COVID-19.The inhibitory effects of bioactive components on the virus's entrance and replication,anti-inflammatory and immune enhancement are discussed.And finally,we present the prospects of using edible plant functional ingredients as vaccine adjuvants and the prospects and problems in the use of edible plant functional components for the prevention of COVID-19.Functional components of edible plants interacted with structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 virus and key enzymes in virus recognition and replication,thereby inhibiting virus entry and replication in the host.Meanwhile,these bioactive components had anti-inflammatory effects and could inhibit cytokine storms.Therefore,we believe that functional components from edible plants can enhance human resistance to COVID-19 and can be applied in the development of new therapies.

三羟甲基丙烷棕榈油酸酯的合成及其润滑性能研究

为替代矿物基润滑油,制备出稳定性好、易降解、环境友好的植物油基润滑油,采用天然产物棕榈油酸,以三羟甲基丙烷为原料,酸性阳离子树脂Amberlyst为多相催化剂制备润滑剂三羟甲基丙烷棕榈油酸酯(TMPTO),研究了制备条件对TMPTO酯化率的影响,并筛选出最佳合成参数。测试了TMPTO的运动黏度、黏度指数、闪点等物理性质,采用NMR、FTIR、DSC、TG对TMPTO的结构和热氧化稳定性进行了表征;采用四球试验机、接触角测量仪、XRF对TMPTO的抗磨损性能、润湿性和防铝腐蚀性能进行了测试。结果表明:在反应温度180℃,真空度0.09 MPa,醇酸摩尔比1.0∶3.1,反应时间5 h,催化剂用量0.2%(质量分数)的条件下,棕榈油酸的酯化率达到81.53%,催化剂重复使用4次后的酯化率仍保持在81.15%。制备的三羟甲基丙烷棕榈油酸酯的酸值仅为1.87 mg KOH/g,具有较高的闪点(238℃),具有优异的防铝腐蚀性能、润湿性、热氧化稳定性和极压抗磨性能:最大无卡咬负荷P_B为88 kg,最大烧结负荷P_D为620 kg。

排粉风机角接触球轴承的安装经验

角接触球轴承的安装比深沟球轴承复杂,多成对安装。装配时需施加轴向预紧载荷,用于调整轴承的轴向游隙。轴向的预紧载荷过大会造成游隙偏小,容易造成轴承抱死,预紧载荷过小又会造成游隙偏大,滚动体偏离运行轨迹,出现滑动摩擦,轴承润滑不良。为了保证轴承的轴向游隙,有时还需要借助调整垫片,便于游隙的调整,确保轴承的安装精度。

Ficolin在毛蚶抗弧菌感染中的作用

Ficolin是一类含FBG结构域的蛋白,在动物免疫防御中发挥重要作用。无脊椎动物中,Ficolin主要作为模式识别受体和免疫效应分子发挥免疫功能。本研究从毛蚶中克隆获得一条Ficolin基因(命名为SsFic1),该基因编码区序列长度为897 bp,编码298个氨基酸,推测的蛋白含有典型的FBG结构域和Coiled coil结构域,但未发现胶原样结构域。SsFic1的mRNA在毛蚶各组织中广泛分布,其中在肝胰腺和鳃中表达丰度较高,但SsFic1转录产物在卵细胞和四细胞期未检测到,说明该基因不是母源性免疫基因。副溶血弧菌和脂多糖、葡聚糖等免疫刺激物均可诱导SsFic1显著上调表达。利用RNAi技术抑制SsFic1基因表达,酚氧化酶激活因子PAF和补体相关基因(C1qDC、补体C3和Fic3)的表达量及CAT、SOD和PO的酶活力均显著下降,而TEP、C1q2和Fic2等基因的表达显著上调。敲降SsFic1表达后,感染副溶血弧菌后毛蚶血细胞数量和吞噬能力均显著低于对照组,这也是RNAi实验组毛蚶死亡率和血细胞凋亡率显著升高的原因。综上,SsFic1可能通过调控补体通路和酚氧化酶原激活通路参与毛蚶免疫防御反应,这对贝类免疫学研究及抗病新品系的选育具有重要意义。

经纱断头原因浅析

分析织造过程中影响断经的主要原因和解决措施。介绍了原纱质量方面出现竹节、弱捻、细节、异纤、棉结等疵点的特点及成因,针对浆纱过程易产生的轻浆、黏并、浆斑、脆断等问题给出相对应的解决措施。指出:从原料选配、设备状态以及纺专器材使用周期等着手是降低经纱断头的前提条件;浆纱工艺、机械、操作等也对断经有重要影响。认真分析断经产生具体原因,有的放矢地解决和减少织机断经停车,对提高织机效率意义重大。

浅薄层普通稠油油藏聚合物驱提高采收率研究与应用

J-XC区块属于高孔高渗普通稠油油藏,油层埋藏浅、厚度薄,由于水驱过程黏滞阻力过大、水驱波及范围小、储层动用程度低、水驱采收率低,需转换开发方式,开展聚合物驱油方法提高采收率研究。在聚合物注入性评价的基础上,采用岩心流动实验和数值模拟方法开展聚合物驱注入参数和注采关系优化,对聚合物注入质量浓度、注入量、注入速度,以及井网井距、注采比等进行优化,从而获得最佳注入参数和注采关系。结果表明:聚合物相对分子质量为2100×10^(4)、注入质量浓度为1500 mg/L、注入量为0.400倍孔隙体积条件下,可保证聚合物的可注入性和高利用效率;油藏工程参数优化方案为采用五点法井网,合理注采井距为150 m,注入速度为每年注入0.070倍孔隙体积,不同厚度油层根据其最优单井日注入量配注,注采比为1.1~1.2。矿场先导试验表明,目标井组增油降水效果显著,截至2021年6月,累计注入聚合物0.228倍孔隙体积,累计增油量为5.06×10^(4)t,提高采收率6.75个百分点,含水率最高下降幅度达15.8个百分点。研究成果对于浅薄层普通稠油油藏聚合物驱参数优化和油藏工程设计具有借鉴意义。

基于反射信号特征的RFID标签和移动终端跨域互联方法

随着物联网、人工智能等技术的飞速发展,基于物联网的“人-机-物”智能感知识别技术成为当前研究的热点方向。在众多的感知识别技术中,射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification, RFID)作为物联网的核心技术之一,被广泛应用在物流追踪、身份认证和室内定位等各个领域。由于目前广泛使用的个人移动设备并不支持RFID信息读取,限制了RFID技术的大范围应用。针对智能手机不能直接读取RFID标签信息的问题,提出一种利用用户预定义的基于RFID反射信号的手势特征实现面向智能手机和RFID标签之间的跨域互联方法。该方法不需要对部署的RFID系统或智能手机进行任何硬件修改,通过用户在感兴趣标签面前做出手势而产生的RFID相位特征,并与智能手机捕获到的运动传感器数据的相关时间戳进行匹配,从而实现了智能手机与RFID标签的关联配对。最后,通过实验验证了文中提出的跨域互联方法的可行性。

Effects of total saponins of Panax notoginseng on immature neuroblasts in the adult olfactory bulb following global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

The main active components extracted from Panax notoginseng are total saponins. They have been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation, increase cerebral blood flow, improve neurological behavior, decrease infarct volume and promote proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the hippocampus and lateral ventricles. However, there is a lack of studies on whether total saponins of Panax notoginsertg have potential benefits on immature neuroblasts in the olfactory bulb following ischemia and reperfusion. This study established a rat model of global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion using four-vessel occlusion. Rats were administered total sa- ponins of Panax notoginseng at 75 mg/kg intraperitoneally 30 minutes after ischemia then once a day, for either 7 or 14 days. Total saponins of Panax notoginseng enhanced the number of dou- blecortin （DCX）＋ neural progenitor ceils and increased co-localization of DCX with neuronal nuclei and phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding/DCX＋ neural progenitor cells in the olfactory bulb at 7 and 14 days post ischemia. These findings indicate that following global brain ischemia/reperfusion, total saponins of Panax notoginseng promote differentiation of DCX＋ cells expressing immature neuroblasts in the olfactory bulb and the underlying mechanism is related to the activation of the signaling pathway of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein.

“环境仪器分析”课程思政教学改革与实践

以东华大学“环境仪器分析”课程为例,论述“环境仪器分析”课程思政教学目标、实践情况、改革评价与成效、课程特色以及探索课程思政教育的长效机制。从课程思政目标设计、教学内容、教学方法、课程评价和保障机制等方面,阐明“环境仪器分析”专业教育与课程思政深度融合的教学模式和实施途径,在专业学习中融入生态文明思想和社会主义核心价值观教育,充分发挥专业课程的育人功能,达到立德树人和教书育人的教学目的。

Macular changes of neuromyelitis optica through spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

AIM： To evaluate the thickness of the retinal layers in the macula using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT） in patients with neuromyelitis optica（NMO）. METHODS： Spectralis SD-OCT, utilizing automated macular layer segmentation, was performed in 26 NMO patients and 26 healthy controls. Visual function including visual field tests and pattern visual evoked potential were recorded in study subjects.RESULTS： Forty-one eyes from 26 NMO patients and52 eyes from 26 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Besides total macular volume, peri-paipillary retinal nerve fiber layer（RNFL） thickness, the thickness of macular RNFL, ganglion cell layer（GCL） and inner plexiform layer（IPL） were also significantly reduced in NMO patients compared to those inhealthy controls（P 〈0.000）. No differences were found in the thickness of macular inner nuclear layer（INL）, outer plexiform layer（OPL）, and outer nuclear layer（ONL） between the two groups. Reversely, the outer retinal layer（ORL） was shown to be thicker in NMO than controls（P 〈0.05）.Compared with the peri-papillary RNFL thickness, the GCL thickness was demonstrated to correlate with visual function better.CONCLUSION： The study provides in vivo evidence of retinal neural loss in NMO patients and demonstrates abetter structure-function correlation between retinal ganglion cell and visual function than peri-papillary RNFL does. In addition, no evidence of primary neural damage is found. Besides, the photoreceptor cells and retinal pigments epithelial（RPE） cells presumably proliferated in compensation in NMO after retinal neural loss.

Comparison of tumor response following conventional versus drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization in early-and very early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective:To compare the safety of conventional transarterial chemoembolization(cTACE)vs drug-eluting bead TACE(DEB-TACE)in very early-and early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:Data of patients with early-and very early-stage HCC treated with cTACE or DEB-TACE were evaluated retrospectively in this study.A total of 40 patients were included,20 treated with cTACE and 20 with DEB-TACE.The cTACE and DEB-TACE groups were comprised of 80%and 75%males,while there were 20%females in cTACE group and 25%in Deb-TACE group respectively.The mean age of patients in cTACE group was 57.43+5.6 years,while it was 56.4+5.5 years in DEB-TACE group.All patients had liver status of Child–Pugh Class A and a score≤7 in Child-Pugh class type B in very early-(stage 0)or early-phase(stage A)stages according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)system.Results:The Child-Pugh class degradation in the cTACE group was slightly higher than that in the DEB-TACE group.Serious complications like peritumoral parenchymal ischemia were observed in 4 patients in the cTACE group and 5 in the DEB-TACE group.Localized bile duct dilation was seen in 2 patients in the cTACE group and 6 in the DEB-TACE group.No significant variation in serious complications between the two groups was established in localized bile duct dilatation.Other minor complications noted were liver failure,liver abscess,liver infarction,acute cholecystitis,biliary tree necrosis,and mortality.Further,no substantial variation in tumor response between the groups was reported immediately and 1-year post-procedural assessment.Conversion rate to other treatment modalities such as surgical resection,radiofrequency ablation(RFA),or swap between cTACE and DEB-TACE was substantially higher in the DEB-TACE group(40%)than in the cTACE group(10%)at the 1-year completion period of the study.Conclusion:In terms of tumor response,the DEB-TACE group showed a better response,to some extent,as an initial therapy for HCC in the early stages as compared to the cTACE group,and DEB-TACE also exhibited better clinical efficacy in patients with HCC.

A Multi-Stage Green Barrier Strategy for the Control of Global SARS-CoV-2 Transmission via Cold Chain Goods

1.The object-to-human transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 At the time of writing,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coron-avirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has been a global pandemic for more than a year.As of 22 September 2021,the global cumulative incidence exceeds 229 million cases,and the number of deaths has exceeded 4.75 million[1].The current situation of epidemic prevention and control within the countries around the world can be roughly divided into two stages:the pandemic stage that the United States,the United Kingdom,and India are still experiencing(as of 23 September 2021,newly reported cases in the last 24 h in the United States,United Kingdom,and India are 202840,31095,and 26964,respectively[1]);and the normalized epidemic pre-vention and control stage that countries such as China and New Zealand are currently in.

Effects of Diet on the Volatile Flavor and Nutritional Ingredients of Common Octopus(Octopus vulgaris)

Cephalopods are important economic shellfish that have been developed extensively in the coastal water of various countries. Octopus vulgaris is a large-scaled economic cephalopod that is mainly cultured in South China. This study explored the effect of different diets on the volatile flavor and nutritional ingredients of O. vulgaris. Four diets were tested in four groups: Group A(fish(Scomberomorus niphonius)), Group B(crab(Helice tridens tientsinensis Rathbun)), Group C(clam(Mactra veneriformis)), and Group D(squid(Loligo japonica)). Octopus muscles were sampled after 36 days of feeding, and volatile flavor substances(VFSs), fatty acids(FAs), and amino acids(AAs) were detected. Results showed that the VFSs, FAs, and AAs of octopus in the four groups were obviously different. The sum of volatile ketones and aldehydes was higher in Group B than in the other groups, which could present much more flavors. All groups were abundant in unsaturated FAs, including eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid(DHA). In terms of content and variety, the FAs in Group B were more beneficial to human health than those in the other groups. The content of each AA in Group B was basically higher than those in the other groups and was significantly higher than that in Group D(P < 0.05). Comparing the VFSs, FAs, and AAs in samples fed with four kinds of diets, the results indicate that using crab to feed O. vulgaris can achieve better effects on volatile flavor and nutritional ingredients.

Reshapeable,rehealable and recyclable sensor fabricated by direct ink writing of conductive composites based on covalent adaptable network polymers

Covalent adaptable network(CAN)polymers doped with conductive nanoparticles are an ideal candidate to create reshapeable,rehealable,and fully recyclable electronics.On the other hand,3D printing as a deterministic manufacturing method has a significant potential to fabricate electronics with low cost and high design freedom.In this paper,we incorporate a conductive composite consisting of polyimine CAN and multi-wall carbon nanotubes into direct-ink-writing 3D printing to create polymeric sensors with outstanding reshaping,repairing,and recycling capabilities.The developed printable ink exhibits good printability,conductivity,and recyclability.The conductivity of printed polyimine composites is investigated at different temperatures and deformation strain levels.Their shape-reforming and Joule heating-induced interfacial welding effects are demonstrated and characterized.Finally,a temperature sensor is 3D printed with defined patterns of conductive pathways,which can be easily mounted onto 3D surfaces,repaired after damage,and recycled using solvents.The sensing capability of printed sensors is maintained after the repairing and recycling.Overall,the 3D printed reshapeable,rehealable,and recyclable sensors possess complex geometry and extend service life,which assist in the development of polymer-based electronics toward broad and sustainable applications.

Deformation and failure behavior of heterogeneous Mg/SiC nanocomposite under compression

The heterogeneous magnesium(Mg) matrix nanocomposite with dispersed soft phase exhibits high strength and toughness. Herein, the deformation behavior and failure process were investigated to reveal the unique mechanical behavior of the heterogeneous microstructure under compression. The extensive plastic deformation is accompanied by the flattening and tilting of the soft phase, inhibiting strain localization and leading to strain hardening. Moreover, a stable crack multiplication process is activated, which endows high damage tolerance to the heterogeneous Mg matrix nanocomposites. The final failure of the composite is caused by crack coalescence in the shear plane along a tortuous path. The presence of dispersed soft phases within the hard matrix induces a noticeable change in mechanical response. Especially,the malleability of the heterogeneous Mg matrix nanocomposite is two and ten times higher than that of pure Mg and the homogeneous Mg matrix nanocomposite, respectively. The current study provides a novel strategy to break the trade-off between strength and toughness in metal matrix nanocomposites.

Venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19.A prevalent and a preventable complication of the pandemic

Coronavirus disease 2019 or most commonly known as COVID-19 is a trending global infectious disease which a few months ago was affirmed as a global health emergency or a pandemic by the WHO Emergency Committee.The common symptoms manifested in this pandemic disease are high grade fever,cough,fatigue,shortness of breath and flu like symptom which can evolve into severe respiratory disorders such as pneumonia,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)and/or end-organ failure.Factors that contribute to the severity or high mortality rate in COVID-19 include old age,comorbidities like hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidaemia,neutrophilia,and organ and coagulation dysfunction.Disseminated intravascular coagulation and other various coagulopathies including Venous thromboembolism have known to become a major contributing factor to high mortality rate.Venous thromboembolism is a disease which is a combination of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.Prophylactic anticoagulation in patients prone to or with a pre-existing history of venous thromboembolism is associated with decreased mortality in severe COVID-19 pneumonia.This review article focuses upon COVID-19 and increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients infected by COVID-19 along with the role it has in high mortality rate in COVID-19 patients.

基于知识表示向量的可解释深度学习模型及其疾病预测应用

近年来,深度学习方法广泛应用于各种疾病预测任务,甚至在其中一些方面超过了人类专家。然而,算法的黑盒性质限制了其临床应用。对此,本文结合知识表示学习和深度学习方法构建了一种融入知识表示向量的可解释深度学习模型。该模型首先依据体检指标正常范围构建体检指标与检测值之间的关系图,并通过基于知识表示学习的深度学习模型对人体体检指标与检测值关系图进行编码,然后将患者体检数据表示为向量,输入到构建的自注意力机制和卷积神经网络构建的分类器中来实现疾病预测。将模型应用于糖尿病预测实验中,其准确率和召回率均优于对比的机器学习方法。与表现较优的随机森林算法相比,模型的准确率和召回率分别提升了0.81%和5.21%。实验结果表明,通过可解释性方法将知识表示学习和深度学习技术融合应用于糖尿病预测,可以达到对糖尿病的早期发现与辅助诊断的目的。

从罗氏沼虾肝胰腺转录组角度阐述罗氏沼虾对动植物蛋白利用的差异

为了探究罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)对动植物蛋白利用的差异,从肝胰腺转录组角度出发,采用IlluminaHiSeqTM4000高通量测序平台对罗氏沼虾肝胰腺组织进行转录组测序。然后将所测序列经质控,组装后对比到GOKEGG等数据库中进行注释(梁华芳等,2013),并对其进行差异基因等的聚类分析。试验将健康的初始均重为0.448g的罗氏沼虾分为两组,分别以鱼粉为动物蛋白源(FP组),豆粕、玉米蛋白粉和谷朊粉为植物蛋白源(PP组)进行饲喂,每组3个重复,养殖周期为8周。结果显示,两组样本6个样品共产生160783350个Cleanreads,分别对两组样本6个样品进行两两比较,一共检测到518个差异表达基因,其中显著上调基因有460个,显著下调基因有58个,GO功能分析表明,差异表达的基因对比到GO数据库共37098个GOterm,这些term分别对应细胞组分,分子功能以及生物过程等三大类59个分支,差异基因主要涉及到糖类转运、氨基酸合成、酶活性细胞膜组成等。通过KEGG富集分析结果表明,两组样本之间的差异表达基因主要富集在139条通路上,主要涉及代谢、遗传信息处理、环境信息处理、细胞过程、生物体系统、人类疾病等六大类代谢通路。其中脂类代谢等富集显著,该研究结果为进一步了解罗氏沼虾对动植物蛋白利用的差异提供了基础信息。(王克行,2018)