Methods of Lightning Nowcasting Based on Radar Echo Extrapolation Technology

An improved echo extrapolation technology( MOD-COTREC) was introduced firstly,and then two plans for lightning nowcasting based on MOD-COTREC and both isothermal radar reflectivity and MOD-COTREC were proposed based on the technology. Afterwards,the two plans for lightning nowcasting were tested by a case respectively. It is concluded that during the process of lightning nowcasting singly based on MOD-COTREC,the appearance and disappearance of lightning are not considered,and only lightning position is predicted when lightning density is constant,so the prediction error is big. The plan for lightning nowcasting based on both isothermal radar reflectivity and MOD-COTREC is still at an experimental stage,and the nowcasting products of cloud-to-ground lightning based on the plan are very different from the actual density and position of cloud-to-ground lightning,so it needs to be improved further.

急诊"零通道"模式在提高脑卒中静脉溶栓效率中的效果研究

目的探讨急诊"零通道"模式在急性缺血性脑卒中静脉溶栓治疗中的应用效果。方法选择南方医科大学珠江医院急诊科自2020年1月至2020年12月收治的58例急性缺血性脑卒中患者为研究组,自2019年1月至2019年12月收治的58例年龄、性别分布等基线资料与研究组匹配的急性缺血性脑卒中患者为对照组。对照组采用急诊"绿色通道"流程;研究组采用进一步优化流程后的"零通道"模式,即将救治工作通道前移至救护车中。采用入院-入抢救室时间(DRRT)、入院-会诊时间(DCT)、入院-实验室检查完成时间(DLECT)、入院-获取CT报告时间(DCRT)、入院-给予静脉溶栓时间(DNT)评价2组患者急诊服务时间;采用闭塞血管成功再通率、溶栓有效率评价2组患者溶栓效果;采用改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分评价2组患者治疗后6个月时预后(mRS评分≤2分定义为预后良好)。结果研究组患者DCRT、DCT与DNT较对照组患者明显缩短,DNT达标(≤60 min)率较对照组明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组、对照组患者溶栓后即刻闭塞血管成功再通率分别为60.3%、27.6%,溶栓有效率分别为94.83%、82.76%,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.633,P<0.001;χ^(2)=4.245,P=0.039)。随访6个月,研究组、对照组预后良好率分别为36.2%、15.5%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.016,P=0.041)。结论急诊"零通道"模式能进一步缩短DCT、DCRT、DNT,提高患者静脉溶栓有效率,改善预后。