INFLUENCE OF QUERCETIN AND X-RAY ON COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS OF CULTURED HUMAN KELOID-DERIVED FIBROBLASTS

Objective To investigate the effects of quercetin and X-ray on collagen synthesis of cultured human keloid-derived fibroblast and the mechanism.Methods Collagen synthesis of cultured human keloid and normal fibroblasts were detected by hydroxyproline colorimetric analysis. Immunocytochemical staining was used to investigate collagen I and III expression. mRNA expression of collagen I and III, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. Results Quercetin inhibited the collagen synthesis of both keloid and normal fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Immunocytochemical staining indicated that collagen I and III were down-regulated by quercetin and X-ray (P<0.05), particularly collagen I (P<0.05). mRNA expression of both collagen I and III in quercetin groups significantly decreased compared with that in control group (P<0.05), especially in the group treated with both quercetin and X-ray (P<0.01). mRNA level of TGF-β1 gene was down-regulated by quercertin (P<0.05). Conclusions Quercetin will probably be one of the new medicines which could effectively treat keloid. Quercetin combined with X-ray could reduce the dose of radiation.

The potential application of the traditional Chinese herb Exocarpium Citri grandis in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Huajuhong(Exocarpium Citri grandis,ECG)is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been used for the treatment of respiratory diseases for hundreds of years.Recently,ECG has been listed in a traditional Chinese medicine formula in the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019(sixth edition)in China.To date,the effect and mechanism of ECG against respiratory diseases have not been systematically reviewed.In this paper,the researchers summarized the effects of ECG and its pharmacologically active compound naringin in functioning as an antitussive and expectorant,improving lung function,alleviating acute lung injury,attenuating pulmonary fibrosis,and enhancing antiviral immune response,so as to provide a reference for its clinical application in the prevention and treatment of multiple respiratory diseases,including coronavirus disease 2019.

Fast and Robust DCNN Based Lithography SEM Image Contour Extraction Models

Scanning electron microscope(SEM)metrology is critical in semiconductor manufacturing for patterning process quality assessment and monitoring.Besides feature width and feature-feature space dimension measurements from critical dimension SEM(CDSEM)images,visual inspection of SEM image also offers rich information on the quality of patterning.However,visual inspection alone leaves considerable room of ambiguity regarding patterning quality.To narrow the room of ambiguity and to obtain more statistically quantitative information on patterning quality,SEM-image contours are often extracted to serve such purposes.From contours,important information such as critical dimension and resist sidewall angle at any location can be estimated.Those geometrical information can be used for optical proximity correction(OPC)model verification and lithography hotspot detection,etc.Classical contour extraction algorithms based on local information have insufficient capability in dealing with noisy and low contrast images.To achieve reliable contours from noisy and low contrast images,information beyond local should be made use of as much as possible.In this regard,deep convolutional neural network(DCNN)has proven its great capability,as manifested in various computer vision tasks.Taking the full advantages of this maturing technology,we have designed a DCNN network and applied it to the task of extracting contours from noisy and low contrast SEM images.It turns out that the model is capable of separating the resist top and bottom contours reliably.In addition,the model does not generate false contours,it also can suppress the generation of broken contours when ambiguous area for contour extraction is small and non-detrimental.With advanced image alignment algorithm with sub-pixel accuracy,contours from different exposure fields of same process condition can be superposed to estimate process variation band,furthermore,stochastic effect induced edge placement variation statistics can easily be inferred from the extracted contours.

特异性清除衰老细胞的双药纳米递送系统用于治疗肾衰竭

清除衰老细胞是延缓衰老或治疗衰老相关疾病的一种有前途的方法.目前,达沙替尼和槲皮素的组合是研究最为广泛的衰老细胞裂解剂.然而,这两种药物的药代动力学和组织分布不同,迫切需要一种靶向递送策略使其能够同步到达组织或器官.本文设计了一种双药纳米递送系统(L-DQ),以达沙替尼和槲皮素纳米粒子(DQ)为核心,通过将纳米粒子与靶向蛋白相结合,使其具有靶向特定器官的能力.将DQ与溶菌酶结合得到能够靶向肾脏并清除肾脏衰老细胞的L-DQ.L-DQ能够特异性清除衰老细胞而不损害非衰老细胞,有效降低了受损肾脏的衰老细胞比例,促进了肾功能的恢复.这种双药纳米递送系统有助于靶向递送衰老细胞裂解剂至特定器官,为防治衰老相关疾病提供了一种潜在的策略.

Living symbiotic bacteria-involved skin dressing to combat indigenous pathogens for microbiome-based biotherapy toward atopic dermatitis

Many skin diseases,such as atopic dermatitis(AD),are featured with the dysbiosis of skin microbiota.The clinically recommended options for AD treatments suffer from poor outcomes and high side-effects,leading to severe quality-of-life impairment.To deal with this long-term challenge,we develop a living bacterial formu-lation(Hy@Rm)that integrates skin symbiotic bacteria of Roseomonas mucosa with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone),poly(vinyl alcohol)and sodium alginate into a skin dressing by virtue of the Ca^(2+)-mediated cross-linking and the freezing-thawing(F-T)cycle method.Hy@Rm dressing creates a favorable condition to not only serve as extrinsic culture harbors but also as nutrient suppliers to support R.mucosa survival in the harsh microenvi-ronment of AD sites to defeat S.aureus,which predominantly colonizes AD skins as an indigenous pathogen,mainly through the secretion of sphingolipids metabolites by R.mucosa like a therapeutics bio-factory.Mean-while,this elaborately designed skin dressing could accelerate wound healing,normalize aberrant skin char-acters,recover skin barrier functions,alleviate AD-associated immune/inflammation responses,functioning like a combinational therapy.This study offers a promising means for the topical bacteria transplant to realize effective microbe biotherapy toward the skin diseases feature with microbe milieu disorders,including but not limited to AD disease.

Gut microbiota-mediated metabolism of Panax notoginseng saponins and its role in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS)are a class of effective ingredients in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,a well-known herbal medicine called San-Qi in Chinese.After oral administration,PNS inevitably interacts with gut microbiota,and thus affect the pharmacokinetic profiles and pharmacological effects.To date,studies concering gut microbiota-mediated metabolism of PNS have not been reviewed systematically.Herein,we outline the metabolic profiles of Panax notoginseng saponins mediated by gut microbiota,as well as its role in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on the basis of reported data.The metabolic pathways of primary saponins are proposed,and step-by-step deglycosylation is found to be the primary degradation pathways of PNS mediated by gut microbiota.Specific microorganisms and enzymes involved in the metabolic processes were summarized.Gut microbiota is deeply involved in the metabolism of PNS,affects the pharmacokinetic profiles,and produces a series of active metabolites.These metabolites were documented to play an essential role in the efficacy of the parent compounds.Future studies should focus on strengthening the real-world evidence,defining the interaction between gut microbiota and PNS,and developing the strategy for modulating gut microbiota to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of PNS.These information would be useful for further research and clinical application of PNS.

彩色多普勒超声诊断肝内门静脉-肝静脉瘘的价值

目的 :探讨彩色多普勒超声对肝内门静脉-肝静脉瘘的诊断价值。方法 :回顾性分析25例彩色多普勒超声诊断为门静脉-肝静脉瘘的患者临床资料和超声图像特征。结果 :25例门静脉-肝静脉瘘中,发生于肝右叶17例,肝左叶8例;7例伴肝硬化,4例伴脂肪肝,2例伴肝癌,12例为孤立性门静脉-肝静脉瘘;以门静脉右支-肝右静脉瘘最多见(12/25,48%)。门静脉-肝静脉瘘的主要超声声像图特征有:肝内可见不规则的囊状液性暗区或扭曲走行的管状液性暗区,彩色多普勒血流显像示其内充满血流信号,并与门静脉分支及肝静脉交通,PW于病灶处探及高速门静脉样连续性频谱。25例中4例曾多次超声漏诊,1例曾误诊为肝囊肿,1例曾误诊为门静脉局部瘤样扩张,漏误诊率24%。结论 :彩色多普勒超声对门静脉-肝静脉瘘有较高的诊断价值,掌握其超声声像图特征可有效降低漏误诊率。

具有完美水平取向的红光型热活化延迟荧光材料

如何实现发光材料跃迁偶极矩取向的调控一直是有机发光二极管(OLEDs)领域的巨大挑战之一.本文中,我们基于双位点长轴延伸策略,设计合成了一种线型的热活化延迟荧光(TADF)分子,PhNAI-PMSBA,实现了对跃迁偶极矩取向的选择性调控.由于PhNAI-PMSBA具有显著的水平分子取向,且其分子长轴与跃迁偶极矩取向高度统一,PhNAI-PMSBA在掺杂发光薄膜中获得的跃迁偶极矩水平取向度高达95%,远高于各向同性发光分子67%的跃迁偶极矩水平取向度.因此,基于PhNAI-PMSBA的红光OLED的光耦合输出效率可达43.2%,最大外量子效率达到22.3%,其CIE1931色坐标位于(0.60,0.40).

Utilization of H-bond interaction of nucleobase Uralic with antitumor methotrexate to design drug carrier with ultrahigh loading efficiency and pH-responsive drug release

A novel Uralic(U)-rich linear-hyperbranched mono-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-hyperbranched polyglycerol-graft-Uralic(mPEG-HPG-g-U)nanoparticle(NP)was prepared as drug carrier for antitumor methotrexate(MTX).Due to the H-bond interaction of U with MTX and hydrophobic interaction,this NP exhibited high drug loading efficiency of up to 40%,which was significantly higher than that of traditional NPs based on U-absent copolymers(<15%).In addition,MTX-loaded mPEG-HPG-g-U NPs also demonstrated an acidity-accelerated drug release behavior.

Study of the wind-pressure distribution of flat-roof parabolic condensers based on wind-tunnel tests

The structure of parabolic condensers makes them susceptible to wind load because of their thin and large windward mirrors.In this paper,the wind pressure on a model of a condenser mirror(1:35)on multistorey flat roofs is analysed via pressure measurement in a wind tunnel.The mean wind-pressure distribution law of flat-roof condenser mirrors(including the change law with working conditions and the maximum distribution characteristics)and the distribution law of fluctuating and extreme wind pressure are obtained.Furthermore,by comparison with the ground-based condenser distribution law,similarities and differences between the two are obtained.Research results show that the wind-pressure distribution law of flat-roof parabolic condenser mirrors is the same as those on the ground,but the mean wind-pressure coefficient(absolute value)is generally~30%smaller.Furthermore,the maximum effect is generally located at the windward mirror edge and the mirror is more susceptible to wind pressure in wind directions of 30°and 135°-150°.The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for wind-resistant structure design and multistorey flat-roof condenser-related research.

Feature-Scale Simulations of Particulate Slurry Flows in Chemical Mechanical Polishing by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

In this paper,the mechanisms of material removal in chemical mechanical polishing(CMP)processes are investigated in detail by the smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method.The feature-scale behaviours of slurry flow,rough pad,wafer defects,moving solid boundaries,slurry-abrasive interactions,and abrasive collisions are modelled and simulated.Compared with previous work on CMP simulations,our simulations incorporate more realistic physical aspects of the CMP process,especially the effect of abrasive concentration in the slurry flows.The preliminary results on slurry flow in CMP provide microscopic insights on the experimental data of the relation between the removal rate and abrasive concentration and demonstrate that SPH is a suitable method for the research of CMP processes.

RLC Equivalent Circuit Synthesis Method for Structure-Preserved Reduced-Order Model of Interconnect in VLSI

This paper aims to explore RLC equivalent circuit synthesis method forreduced-order models of interconnect circuits obtained by Krylov subspace basedmodel order reduction (MOR) methods. To guarantee pure RLC equivalent circuitscan be synthesized, both the structures of input and output incidence matrices and theblock structure of the circuit matrices should be preserved in the reduced-order models.Block structure preserving MOR methods have been well established. In this paper,we propose an embeddable Input-Output structure Preserving Order Reduction(IOPOR) technique to further preserve the structures of input and output incidencematrices. By combining block structure preserving MOR methods and IOPOR technique,we develop an RLC equivalent circuit synthesis method RLCSYN (RLC SYNthesis).Inline diagonalization and regularization techniques are specifically proposedto enhance the robustness of inductance synthesis. The pure RLC model, high modelingaccuracy, passivity guaranteed property and SPICE simulation robustness makeRLCSYN more applicable in interconnect analysis, either for digital IC design ormixedsignal IC simulation.

A Singlet Oxygen Reservoir Based on Poly-Pyridone and Porphyrin Nanoscale Metal-Organic Framework for Cancer Therapy

Here,a methacrylate-modified pyridone derivative(mPYR)was loaded into a porphyrin nanoscale metal-organic framework(porphyrin-nMOF).Then,the loaded mPYR was further polymerized to obtain poly-pyridone(poly-mPYR)to form poly-mPYR loaded porphyrin-nMOF,which is designated as PLP and used as a reservoir of singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)).It was found that PLP could quickly capture^(1)O_(2)in vitro and slowly release^(1)O_(2)in vivo to induce cancer cell death.The release of^(1)O_(2)was light and oxygen independent,and the entire process did not cause intracellular oxygen consumption.PLP also displayed good therapeutic effect in the treatment of both solid tumor and lung metastasis cancer.This strategy of oxygenand light-independent^(1)O_(2)treatment presents great potential for treating refractory cancer.Also,the form of^(1)O_(2)capturing polymer-loaded nMOF expands the biomedical applications of MOFs and polymers,which can be used as a platform for biomedical applications.

Subspace Trajectory Piecewise-Linear Model Order Reduction for Nonlinear Circuits

Despite the efficiency of trajectory piecewise-linear(TPWL)model order re-duction(MOR)for nonlinear circuits,it needs large amount of expansion points forlarge-scale nonlinear circuits.This will inevitably increase the model size as well as the simulation time of the resulting reduced macromodels.In this paper,subspaceTPWL-MOR approach is developed for the model order reduction of nonlinear cir-cuits.By breaking the high-dimensional state space into several subspaces with much lower dimensions,the subspace TPWL-MOR has very promising advantages of re-ducing the number of expansion points as well as increasing the effective region of thereduced-order model in the state space.As a result,the model size and the accuracy of the TWPL model can be greatly improved.The numerical results have shown dra-matic reduction in the model size as well as the improvement in accuracy by using the subspace TPWL-MOR compared with the conventional TPWL-MOR approach.