液体门控机制及基本性质测定——化学“101计划”表界面性质测量实验新设计

介绍一个涵盖界面化学、物理化学与仪器分析等多学科的基础实验。本实验融合前沿科技成果“液体门控技术”,以自主研发的液体门控教学测试分析仪(压力阈值仪)的设计原理和先进表征技术特性为基础,结合本科生化学“101计划”中的化学测量学实验——液体门控机制及基本性质测定,创新教学模式,丰富化学测量学实验中关于界面科学表征的课程设计。

CD97 inhibits osteoclast differentiation via Rap1a/ERK pathway under compression

Acceleration of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment is challenging, with osteoclast-mediated bone resorption on the compressive side being the rate-limiting step. Recent studies have demonstrated that mechanoreceptors on the surface of monocytes/macrophages, especially adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs), play important roles in force sensing.However, its role in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation remains unclear. Herein, through single-cell analysis, we revealed that CD97, a novel mechanosensitive aGPCR, was expressed in macrophages. Compression upregulated CD97 expression and inhibited osteoclast differentiation;while knockdown of CD97 partially rescued osteoclast differentiation. It suggests that CD97 may be an important mechanosensitive receptor during osteoclast differentiation. RNA sequencing analysis showed that the Rap1a/ERK signalling pathway mediates the effects of CD97 on osteoclast differentiation under compression. Consistently, we clarified that administration of the Rap1a inhibitor GGTI298 increased osteoclast activity, thereby accelerating tooth movement. In conclusion,our results indicate that CD97 suppresses osteoclast differentiation through the Rap1a/ERK signalling pathway under orthodontic compressive force.

Negative magnetoresistance in the antiferromagnetic semimetal V_(1/3)TaS_(2)

Intercalated transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)attract much attention due to their rich properties and potential applications.In this article,we grew successfully high-quality V_(1/3)TaS_(2) crystals by a vapor transport method.We measured the magnetization,longitudinal resistivityρxx(T,H),Hall resistivityρxy(T,H),as well as performed calculations of the electronic band structure.It was found that V_(1/3)TaS_(2) is an A-type antiferromagnet with the Neel temperature T_(N)=6.20 K,and exhibits a negative magnetoresistance(MR)near T_(N).Both band structure calculations and Hall resistivity measurements demonstrated it is a magnetic semimetal.

Quantum dynamics within curved thin layers with deviation

Combining the deviation between thin layers' adjacent surfaces with the confining potential method applied to the quantum curved systems,we derive the effective Schr?dinger equation describing the particle constrained within a curved layer,accompanied by a general geometric potential V_(gq) composed of a compression-corrected geometric potential V_(gq)~*and a novel potential V_(gq)~(**) brought by the deviation.Applying this analysis to the cylindrical layer emerges two types of deviation-induced geometric potential,resulting from the the cases of slant deviation and tangent deviation,respectively,which strongly renormalizes the purely geometric potential and contribute to the energy spectrum based on a very substantial deepening of bound states they offer.

Relationship between serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels and cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in acute ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke(AIS)is a significant global health issue with increasing incidence owing to aging populations and rising cardiovascular risk factors.In addition to physical impairments,AIS frequently leads to neuropsychiatric co-mplications,such as cognitive impairment,anxiety,and depressive symptoms,which adversely affect patients’quality of life and rehabilitation.Neutrophil ge-latinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL)has emerged as a potential biomarker for various conditions,including AIS.This study investigated the association bet-ween serum NGAL levels at admission and neuropsychiatric complications in patients with AIS.neuropsychiatric complications in patients with AIS.METHODS Between January 2022 and December 2023,150 patients with AIS were enrolled.Serum NGAL levels were measured at admission using an enzyme-linked immu-nosorbent assay.Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination,while anxiety and depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at discharge.The relationship between serum NGAL levels and cognitive impairment,anxiety,and depressive symptoms was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression,adjusted for potential con-founders of age,sex,body mass index,smoking status,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,previous stroke,and stroke severity.RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 65.4±10.2 years,and 58%were males.Prevalence rates of cognitive impairment,anxiety,and depressive symptoms at discharge were 34.7%,28.0%,and 32.0%,respectively.Serum NGAL levels were significantly higher in patients with cognitive impairment(median:5.6 ng/mL vs 3.2 ng/mL,P<0.001),anxiety(median:5.1 ng/mL vs 3.5 ng/mL,P=0.002),and depressive symptoms(median:5.4 ng/mL vs 3.3 ng/mL,P<0.001),compared to those without these conditions.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher serum NGAL levels at admission were independently associated with cognitive impairment[odds ratio(OR)=1.42,95%confidence interval(CI):1.18-1.71,P<0.001],anxiety(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.09-1.51,P=0.003),and depressive symptoms(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.16-1.67,P<0.001)after adjusting for potential confounders.CONCLUSION Elevated serum NGAL levels were independently associated with cognitive impairment,anxiety,and depressive symptoms in patients with AIS;and may function as potential biomarkers for patients at risk.

选矿用生石灰质量检测样品储存条件研究

生石灰在选矿过程中的重要性不言而喻,而其质量对选矿效果和生产成本的影响也是不可忽视的。为了确保选矿过程稳定高效,必须对生石灰的质量进行严格检测。然而,由于生石灰吸湿性强、腐蚀性大,储存条件要求较高,不当储存可能导致其性质发生变化,进而影响CaO检测结果的准确性。因此,本文将重点研究选矿用生石灰质量检测样品的储存条件,以期为相关工作人员提供参考。

Fine-Grained Action Recognition Based on Temporal Pyramid Excitation Network

Mining more discriminative temporal features to enrich temporal context representation is considered the key to fine-grained action recog-nition.Previous action recognition methods utilize a fixed spatiotemporal window to learn local video representation.However,these methods failed to capture complex motion patterns due to their limited receptive field.To solve the above problems,this paper proposes a lightweight Temporal Pyramid Excitation(TPE)module to capture the short,medium,and long-term temporal context.In this method,Temporal Pyramid(TP)module can effectively expand the temporal receptive field of the network by using the multi-temporal kernel decomposition without significantly increasing the computational cost.In addition,the Multi Excitation module can emphasize temporal importance to enhance the temporal feature representation learning.TPE can be integrated into ResNet50,and building a compact video learning framework-TPENet.Extensive validation experiments on several challenging benchmark(Something-Something V1,Something-Something V2,UCF-101,and HMDB51)datasets demonstrate that our method achieves a preferable balance between computation and accuracy.

Response of soil bacterial community to biochar application in a boreal pine forest

Boreal forests commonly suff er from nitrogen defi ciency due to low rate of nitrogen mineralization.Biochar may promote soil organic matter decomposition and accelerate nitrogen mineralization.In this study,Illumina NovaSeq sequencing combined with functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa(FAPROTAX)analysis was used to investigate the eff ect of biochar pyrolysis temperatures,the amount of applied biochar,and the period since the biochar application(2-and 3-year)on soil bacterial communities.The results show that biochar pyrolysis temperatures(500℃ and 650℃)and the amount of applied biochar(0.5 kg m^(−2)and 1.0 kg m^(−2))did not change soil properties.Nevertheless,the interaction of biochar pyrolysis temperature and the amount had signifi cant eff ects on bacterial species richness and evenness(P<0.05).The application of biochar produced at 500℃ had a lower abundance of Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobia,while that produced at 650℃ had a higher abundance of Conexibacter and Phenylobacterium.When biochar produced at 650℃ was applied,applying 0.5 kg m^(−2)had a higher abundance of Cyanobacteria,Conexibacter,and Phenylobacterium than that of 1.0 kg m^(−2)(P<0.05).Functionally,the abundance of the aromatic compound degradation group increased with the extension of application time and increase of pyrolysis temperature.The time since application played an important role in the formation of soil bacterial communities and their functional structure.Long-term studies are necessary to understand the consequence of biochar on bacterial communities in boreal forests.

LncRNA HCG27 Promotes Glucose Uptake Ability of HUVECs by MiR-378a-3p/MAPK1 Pathway

Objective:Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy.LncRNA HLA complex group 27(HCG27)plays a crucial role in various metabolic diseases.However,the relationship between lncRNA HCG27 and GDM is not clear.This study aimed to verify a competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)interaction regulation axis of miR-378a-3p/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1)regulated by HCG27 in GDM.Methods:LncRNA HCG27 and miR-378a-3p were detected by RT-qPCR.The expression of MAPK1 in umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)was detected by RT-qPCR and that in the placenta by Western blotting.To explore the relationship among lncRNA HCG27,miR-378a-3p,MAPK1 and the glucose uptake ability of HUVECs,vector HCG27,si-HCG27,miR-378a-3p mimic and inhibitor were transfected to achieve overexpression and inhibition of HCG27 or miR-378a-3p.The interaction between miR-378a-3p and lncRNA HCG27 or MAPK1 was confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay.Besides,glucose consumption by HUVECs was detected by the glucose assay kit.Results:HCG27 expression was significantly decreased in both the placenta and primary umbilical vein endothelial cells,while the expression of miR-378a-3p was significantly increased in GDM tissues,and the expression of MAPK1 was decreased in GDM tissues.This ceRNA interaction regulation axiswas proved to affect the glucose uptake function of HUVECs.The transfection of si-HCG27 could significantly reduce the expression of the MAPK1 protein.If the MAPK1 overexpression plasmid was transfected simultaneously with si-HCG27 transfection,the reduced glucose uptake in HUVECs resulting from the decrease in lncRNA HCG27 was reversed.MiR-378a-3p mimic can significantly reduce the mRNA expression of MAPK1 in HUVECs,whereas miR-378a-3p inhibitor can significantly increase the mRNA expression of MAPK1.The inhibition of miR-378a-3p could restore the decreased glucose uptake of HUVECs treated with si-HCG27.Besides,overexpression of lncRNA HCG27 could restore the glucose uptake ability of the palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance model of HUVECs to normal.Conclusion:LncRNA HCG27 promotes glucose uptake of HUVECs by miR-378a-3p/MAPK1 pathway,which may provide potential therapeutic targets for GDM.Besides,the fetal umbilical cord blood and umbilical vein endothelial cells collected from pregnant women with GDM after delivery could be used to detect the presence of adverse molecular markers of metabolic memory,so as to provide guidance for predicting the risk of cardiovascular diseases and health screening of offspring.

固体超强酸与蒙脱土改性聚磷酸铵协同阻燃环氧树脂

将固体超强酸(SO_(4)^(2-)-M_(X)O_(Y))与蒙脱土改性聚磷酸铵(AM)进行复配,协同阻燃环氧树脂(EP)。通过热重分析(TGA)、极限氧指数(LOI)和锥形量热(CCT)研究3种SO_(4)^(2-)-M_(X)O_(Y)(SO_(4)^(2-)-Fe_2O_3,SO_(4)^(2-)-ZrO_(2)和SO_(4)^(2-)-TiO_(2))对EP热性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,与EP/AM相比,加入固体超强酸后,样品的初始分解温度、最大失重率温度和燃烧热释放降低;LOI值和TG残碳率升高。说明SO_(4)^(2-)-M_(X)O_(Y)加强了AM作为膨胀阻燃剂酸源的催化能力,促进EP/AM的分解、脱水和成炭,SO_(4)^(2-)-M_(X)O_(Y)与AM之间存在阻燃协同作用。其中EP/AM/(SO_(4)^(2-)-TiO_(2))的残炭量(26.22%)最高,LOI值(28.4%)最大,热释放速率峰值(PHRR)、总热释放量(THR)、CO产率和CO_(2)产率也最低,而且其防火性能指数比EP/AM提高了56%,火灾蔓延指数降低了44%,且扫描电镜表明EP/AM/(SO_(4)^(2-)-TiO_(2))的残炭结构也更连续和致密,有效地阻止了气体交换和热量传递。

甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移的危险因素

目的:探讨甲状腺乳头状癌中央区淋巴结和侧颈淋巴结转移的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2016年12月于天津医科大学肿瘤医院行甲状腺切除术的1835例术后病理诊断为甲状腺乳头状癌患者的临床病例资料,对可能影响甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移的相关因素进行单因素分析与多因素分析。结果:1835例患者中央区淋巴结转移率为54.88%(1007例),侧颈淋巴结转移率为20.22%(371例)。单因素分析结果提示,男性、年龄<45岁、肿瘤直径>10mm、多灶性、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(anti-Tg)>100.00 IU/mL、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(Tg)>130.70μg/L者中央区淋巴结转移率及侧颈淋巴结转移率较高(P<0.05)。抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(anti-TPO)>100.00 IU/mL者中央区淋巴结转移率较低(P<0.05)。此外,中央区淋巴结转移者侧颈淋巴结转移率较高(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果提示,男性、年龄<45岁、肿瘤直径>10mm、多灶性、anti-Tg>100.00IU/mL是中央区淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。anti-TPO>100.00IU/mL是中央区淋巴结转移的保护性因素。男性、年龄<45岁、肿瘤直径>10mm、多灶性、anti-Tg>100.00 IU/mL、Tg>130.70μg/L、中央区淋结转移者是侧颈淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。结论:男性、年龄<45岁、肿瘤直径>10 mm、多灶性、anti-Tg>100.00 IU/mL是中央区淋巴结转移及侧颈淋巴结转移的高危因素;中央区淋巴结转移是侧颈淋巴结转移的危险因素;anti-TPO>100.00 IU/mL是中央区淋巴结转移的保护性因素。

Experience of Clinical Management for Pregnant Women and Newborns with Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Tongji Hospital,China

Based on the New Diagnosis and Treatment Scheme for Novel Coronavirus Infected Pneumonia(Trial Edition 5),combined with our current clinical treatment experience,we recently proposed a revision of the first edition of“Guidance for maternal and fctal management during pneumonia epidemics of novel coronavirus infection in the Wuhan Tongji Hospital".This article focused on the issues of greatest concern of pregnant women including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection diagnostic criteria,inspection precautions,drug treatment options,indications and methods of termination of pregnancy,postpartum fever,breastfeeding considerations,mode of mother-to-child transmission,neonatal isolation and advice on nconatal nursing,to provide valuable experience for better management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and newborns.

甲状腺超声智能诊断的现状及研究进展

近几十年在全球范围内甲状腺癌发病率增长迅速。超声检查是甲状腺结节诊断的首选检查手段。作为一项经济、便利且易于推广的检查项目,其对影像学医师的要求较高,需要有丰富的经验。超声检查对甲状腺癌的诊断标准也在不断完善,统一化标准的推广、普及和成熟利用在实施过程中需要大量的人力和财力,目前较难实现。近些年中国医疗卫生资源需求巨大,医疗资源分布欠均衡,临床诊疗中需要全面评估甲状腺结节的恶性风险和颈部淋巴结的性质以进行临床决策,诊断工作繁重复杂。人工智能领域的深度学习算法飞速发展,其在医学图像诊断领域展示出强大的性能,大数据结合深度学习可有效地解决临床诊疗中的问题,深度学习在医疗图像诊断领域、甲状腺结节超声诊断方向显示出较大的优势和应用前景。利用深度学习算法分析超声图像构建超声自动诊断系统,可辅助甲状腺肿瘤超声诊断,简化超声医生的工作流程,有助于提高临床实践效率。本文对近年来深度学习在甲状腺肿瘤及颈部淋巴结超声诊断领域的研究现状和研究进展予以概述。

敲低EZH2表达抑制人舌鳞状细胞癌侵袭迁移能力的研究

目的:探究Zeste同源增强子(enhancer of zeste homolog2,EZH2)能否调控miR-200b/a/429的表达,进而影响人舌鳞状细胞癌的侵袭和转移。方法:利用小干扰RNA(siRNAs)敲低舌鳞状细胞癌SCC15和UM-1细胞系中EZH2的表达。Western blot法检测EZH2和上皮-间质转化(EMT)相关蛋白的表达水平。q-PCR检测敲低EZH2后miR-200b/a/429的表达水平。Transwell实验和划痕实验检测舌鳞癌细胞的侵袭和迁移能力。最后通过免疫荧光实验观测细胞骨架的改变。免疫组织化学法和q-PCR检测人舌鳞状细胞癌标本中EZH2的表达。结果:siRNAs能够显著地敲低EZH2表达,进而使miR-200b/a/429表达水平升高;E-cadherin表达水平升高,而N-cadherin、Vimentin、MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达水平下降;si-EZH2组肿瘤细胞的侵袭和迁移能力明显降低。淋巴结转移阳性的人舌鳞状细胞癌标本中EZH2表达水平高于淋巴结转移阴性(P<0.01)。结论:EZH2通过抑制miR-200b/a/429的表达水平,进而促进了人舌鳞状细胞癌的侵袭和迁移。

Progress of Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Small Interfering RNA in Liver Fibrosis

Liver fibrosis is a common pathological consequence of a variety of chronic stimuli, including viral, autoimmune, drug-induced, cholestatic and metabolic diseases. Fibrosis is driven by a dynamic process involving increased synthesis of matrix components and a failure of physiological mechanisms of matrix turnover. Activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) remains a central event in fibrosis. HSCs are the main source of extracellular matrix(ECM). Transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β), which is the fibrogenic master cytokine, can induce the activation of HSCs to produce a large amount of ECM, and is capable of inducing apoptosis of liver cells. RNA interference(RNAi) is a novel gene disruption technology. Studies have shown that small interfering RNA(si RNA) targeting TGF-β1 may inhibit the activation and proliferation of HSCs, suppress ECM synthesis and block liver fibrosis. TGF-β1 si RNA-mediated gene silencing therapy provides a new avenue for liver fibrosis. This review summarizes recent progresses in research on HSCs, TGF-β1 and TGF-β1 si RNA in liver fibrosis.

Abnormal Behavior Detection and Recognition Method Based on Improved ResNet Model

The core technology in an intelligent video surveillance system is that detecting and recognizing abnormal behaviors timely and accurately.The key breakthrough point in recognizing abnormal behaviors is how to obtain the effective features of the picture,so as to solve the problem of recognizing them.In response to this difficulty,this paper introduces an adjustable jump link coefficients model based on the residual network.The effective coefficients for each layer of the network can be set after using this model to further improving the recognition accuracy of abnormal behavior.A convolution kernel of 1×1 size is added to reduce the number of parameters for the purpose of improving the speed of the model in this paper.In order to reduce the noise of the data edge,and at the same time,improve the accuracy of the data and speed up the training,a BN(Batch Normalization)layer is added before the activation function in this network.This paper trains this network model on the public ImageNet dataset,and then uses the transfer learning method to recognize these abnormal behaviors of human in the UTI behavior dataset processed by the YOLO_v3 target detection network.Under the same experimental conditions,compared with the original ResNet-50 model,the improved model in this paper has a 2.8%higher accuracy in recognition of abnormal behaviors on the public UTI dataset.

表皮生长因子受体在人头颈部鳞状细胞癌中的作用研究进展

头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC)是常见的恶性肿瘤,恶性程度较高,患者常出现复发和转移。表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是重要的癌基因,在头颈鳞癌中广泛过表达,且与HNSCC患者的预后呈负相关,是重要的治疗靶点。但HNSCC中的EGFR靶向治疗效果却不如在非小细胞肺癌治疗中那么有效。近几年的研究发现,EGFR促进肿瘤细胞对治疗耐受的机制可能与其过表达、突变、单核苷酸多态性、入核和自噬有关。本文将就这几个方面进行综述,并探讨如何在HNSCC的治疗中更有效地利用EGFR这一靶点,为探索HNSCC的治疗策略提供新的方向。

Complete Rupture of the Pregnant Uterus:A 10-year Retrospective Descriptive Study

Objective:The goal of this work is to analyze the incidence,etiology,clinical characteristics,maternal and neonatal outcomes of complete uterine rupture during pregnancy.Methods:The information of complete uterine rupture between June 2010 and May 2020 was investigated retrospectively at a tertiary center,and included demographic data,delivery characteristics,intraoperative findings,and maternal and neonatal outcomes.The prevalence rate of uterine rupture in the early group(hospitalized from June 2010 to May 2015)and late group(June 2015 to May 2020)was compared and analyzed.

Rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of strong aroma base liquor based on SPME-MS combined with chemometrics

To objectively classify and evaluate the strong aroma base liquors(SABLs)of different grades,solid-phase microextraction-mass spectrometry(SPME-MS)combined with chemometrics were used.Results showed that SPME-MS combined with a back-propagation artificial neural network(BPANN)method yielded almost the same recognition performance compared to linear discriminant analysis(LDA)in distinguishing different grades of SABL,with 84%recognition rate for the test set.Partial least squares(PLS),successive projection algorithm partial least squares(SPA-PLS)model,and competitive adaptive reweighed samplingpartial least squares(CARS-PLS)were established for the prediction of the four esters in the SABL.CARS-PLS model showed a greater advantage in the quantitative analysis of ethyl acetate,ethyl butyrate,ethyl caproate,and ethyl lactate.These results corroborated the hypothesis that SPME-MS combined with chemometrics can effectively achieve an accurate determination of different grades of SABL and prediction performance of esters.

Responses of Seed Yield and Economic Benefit of Winter Oilseed Rape(Brassica napus L.) to Different NPK Ratio and Dose

Field experiments were conducted during 2008-2010 to investigate the ef- fects of NPK fertilization on seed yield and economic benefit of a new hybrid cultivar of winter oilseed rape （Brassica napus L.） - Xiangzayou763, and to determine the optimum NPK ratio and dose in Hunan, China. The results showed that NPK ratio （1：0.50：0.50） with 180 kg/hm2 N, 90 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 90 kg/hm2 K20 was the optimum combination for the highest seed yield （2 231.13 kg/hm2） and economic benefit （9 816.97 Yuan/hm2）, of which 1 641.23 Yuan/hm2 being set for fertilizer in- vestment （VCR=4.11）. Besides, the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on seed yield and oil production of winter oilseed rape were not identical. N had the greatest ef- fect on plant growth of winter oilseed rape, followed by P and K. Total leaf number, green leaf number, leaf length and width, rhizome diameter, branch number, dry weight per plant and other agronomic characters in high N treatments were higher than those in low N treatments. By correlation and path analysis of yield components, the contribution rate to seed yield was found： effective silique number per plant〉seed number per silique〉l 000-seed weight.