2022年法国总统大选马克龙成功连任的原因分析

2022年法国总统大选关乎法国未来五年的政治、经济、社会和国家安全,对欧洲乃至世界的政治格局有着重大影响。时任总统马克龙在处理如新冠肺炎疫情、黄马甲运动、俄乌冲突等危机时表现出的领导力赢得了法国民众的信任,他提出解决失业和不平等的政策方针、推动欧洲一体化、频频通过媒体以亲民的方式同选民进行互动等行为都在一定程度上获得了选民的青睐。除此之外,他的头号竞争对手勒庞的政策主张也在很大程度上衬托出了马克龙的优势。文章将通过文献研究法和比较研究法对此次大选结果进行分析,从选举数据、政策纲领以及媒体影响等方面分析马克龙成功连任的原因。

Global analysis of lysine succinylation in patchouli plant leaves

Lysine succinylation is a novel,naturally occurring posttranslational modification(PTM)in living organisms.Global lysine succinylation identification has been performed at the proteomic level in various species;however,the study of lysine succinylation in plant species is relatively limited.Patchouli plant(P.cablin(Blanco)Benth.,Lamiaceae)is a globally important industrial plant and medicinal herb.In the present study,lysine succinylome analysis was carried out in patchouli plants to determine the potential regulatory role of lysine succinylation in patchouli growth,development,and physiology.The global succinylation sites and proteins in patchouli plants were screened with an immunoprecipitation affinity enrichment technique and advanced mass spectrometry-based proteomics.Several bioinformatic analyses,such as function classification and enrichment,subcellular location predication,metabolic pathway enrichment and protein−protein interaction networking,were conducted to characterize the functions of the identified sites and proteins.In total,1097 succinylation sites in 493 proteins were detected in patchouli plants,among which 466 succinylation sites in 241 proteins were repeatedly identified within three independent experiments.The functional characterization of these proteins indicated that the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle,oxidative phosphorylation,photosynthesis processes,and amino acid biosynthesis may be regulated by lysine succinylation.In addition,these succinylated proteins showed a wide subcellular location distribution,although the chloroplast and cytoplasm were the top two preferred cellular components.Our study suggested the important role of lysine succinylation in patchouli plant physiology and biology and could serve as a useful reference for succinylation studies in other medicinal plants.

The effect of subbranch for the quantification of local hemodynamic environment in the coronary artery:a computed tomography angiography–based computational fluid dynamic analysis

Background:Hemodynamic parameters derived from computed tomography angiography–based computational fluid dynamics(CFD)analysis have been widely used for clinical decision-making and researches to assess the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques and explain the initialization and development of atherosclerosis.Subbranches in the CFD model might affect the accuracy of hemodynamic parameters,but the effectiveness has been least quantified.Methods:A coronary artery baseline model was generated with focal stenosis at the proximal left anterior descending artery.Nineteen comparing models were created by systematically removing various subbranches to examine the changes in hemodynamic parameters,including time-averaged pressure(TAP),time-averaged wall shear stress(TAWSS),oscillatory shear index(OSI),and particle relative residence time(RRT).Changes in these parameters were assessed quantitatively around the stenosis and near the region where subbranches were removed.Results:The removal of subbranches caused a significant change in outflow rate,and there was generally a decrease in all CFD parameters in the regions of interest with a decrease in outflow rate.The subbranch removal had a significant impact on the calculation of TAWSS,OSI,and RRT,whereas TAP was insensitive to the removal with approximately 0.25%variation in all 19 models.The local effect from removing branch segments generally became negligible after 5 diameters away from the cutting-off position,but the decrease could be affected by other factors,such as a large curvature.Conclusion:The outflow rate is a dominant factor for the calculation of TAP,TAWSS,OSI,and RRT.Removal of subbranches has a minor effect on the TAP calculation,but its effect is considerable on the TAWSS,OSI,and RRT.The effect of subbranch removal is limited in a region with 5 local diameters.