基于熵权TOPSIS法的灌溉用水效率评价

【目的】对灌区灌溉用水效率进行评价,为灌区节水改造提供科学依据。【方法】通过构建灌溉用水效率综合评价指标体系,基于熵权TOPSIS法对2017—2020年新疆兵团第二师6个灌区的灌溉用水效率进行评价。【结果】熵权TOPSIS法的评价结果与灌区实际情况相符,评价结果排序与灌溉水有效利用系数排序、AHP—模糊综合评价结果排序均具有显著相关性,且熵权TOPSIS法相比AHP—模糊综合评价法的变异系数更大,更有利于灌区灌溉用水效率的等级划分;根据灌区各评价指标等级与灌溉用水效率综合评价等级之间的差异,确定了灌溉用水效率的主控因素。【结论】基于熵权TOPSIS法的灌溉用水效率评价具有可行性,灌区在节水改造建设的同时,应确定合理的灌溉制度,提高灌溉用水效率,建设现代化高效节水灌区。

Ghrelin抑制A型钾通道电流对小鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元兴奋性的影响

目的探讨ghrelin是否通过抑制A型钾通道电流增强正常小鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元的自发放电。方法应用出生15~20d的C57BL/6小鼠制备脑片,脑片全细胞膜片钳技术观察ghrelin对黑质多巴胺能神经元自发放电频率及A型钾通道电流幅度的影响。结果小鼠黑质脑片灌流100nmol/L ghrelin,多巴胺能神经元自发放电频率明显升高(n=5,t=3.55,P<0.05);应用A型钾通道阻断剂4-AP可以完全阻断ghrelin的细胞兴奋效应。应用100nmol/L ghrelin可以明显抑制A型钾电流的电流幅度(n=5,t=5.67,P<0.01)。结论 Ghrelin能够提高正常小鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元的兴奋性,其机制可能是通过抑制A型钾通道电流实现的。

Batroxobin inhibits astrocyte activation following nigrostriatal pathway injury

Batroxobin is a thrombin-like serine protease from the venom of the Bothrops atrox and Bothrops moojeni snake species.Sirtuin 1(Sirt1)has been shown to play an important role in neuroprotection after traumatic brain injury.However,its underlying mechanism of action remains poorly understood.The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the mechanism by which batroxobin participates in the activation of astrocytes is associated with Sirt1.Mouse models of nigrostriatal pathway injury were established.Immediately after modeling,mice were intraperitoneally administered 39 U/kg batroxobin.Batroxobin significantly reduced the expression of cleaved caspase-3 in both the substantia nigra and striatum,inhibited neuronal apoptosis,and promoted the recovery of rat locomotor function.These changes coincided with a remarkable reduction in astrocyte activation.Batroxobin also reduced Sirt1 expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation in brain tissue.Intraperitoneal administration of the Sirt1-specific inhibitor EX527(5 mg/kg)30 minutes prior to injury could inhibit the abovementioned effects.In mouse astrocyte cultures,1 ng/mL batroxobin attenuated interleukin-1β-induced activation of astrocytes and extracellular signal-regulated kinase.EX527 could also inhibit the effects of batroxobin.These findings suggest that batroxobin inhibits astrocyte activation after nigrostriatal pathway injury through the Sirt1 pathway.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of China Medical University,China(approval No.CMU2020037)on July 19,2015.

Iron oxide nanoparticles:A promising approach for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies for cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),it remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide.This underscores the urgency for innovative approaches aiming at early and precise detection and treatment of CVDs to reduce the disease burden.Iron oxide nanoparticles(IONPs),with their unique magnetism and bioproperties,have shown great potential in this regard.In this review,we will begin with a brief overview of the synthesis and properties of IONPs.We will then focus on the latest applications of IONPs in CVDs,including diagnosis and treatment.The use of IONPs in the integration of diagnosis and treatment for CVDs is a promising field,and will be addressed in a separate section.The translational potential and challenges of IONPs will also be discussed.In conclusion,ongoing research and development of IONP-based strategies are highly likely to address current challenges effectively,and offer more personalized and efficient options for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs.

2018-2020年广州急性呼吸道感染患儿中腺病毒分子流行病学特征研究

为了解2018-2020年间广州地区急性呼吸道感染儿童中腺病毒的流行病学特征,收集广东省妇幼保健院番禺院区和暨南大学附属第一医院儿科住院部急性呼吸道感染患儿咽拭子标本,采用荧光定量PCR技术检测腺病毒核酸,分析腺病毒的流行病学特征。所有腺病毒阳性标本接种A549细胞进行病毒分离,获得临床分离株后,对不同型别分离株的生长特点进行研究,并比较了感染患儿的临床特征。结果显示,在收集的701份急性呼吸道感染患儿的咽拭子标本中,腺病毒阳性率为4.99%(35/701),易感人群为5岁以下儿童。系统发育分析显示主要型别为B种3型腺病毒(42.86%)与B种7型腺病毒(14.29%)。经细胞培养后获得腺病毒阳性毒株28株,分离率为80%。临床分离株感染特征分析结果显示,PCR检测B种7型腺病毒分离株病毒基因组拷贝数显著高于其他基因型。对感染患儿临床特征的分析显示,B种3型腺病毒感染患儿中性粒细胞增高伴淋巴细胞降低。上述结果表明,2018-2020年间急性呼吸道感染的住院儿童腺病毒阳性患儿中,B种3型与B种7型为优势流行基因型,病毒基因进化高度保守。临床分离株中,B种7型腺病毒生长速率较高。