Typos Correction in Overseas Chinese Learning Based on Chinese Character Semantic Knowledge Graph

In recent years, more and more foreigners begin to learn Chinese characters, but they often make typos when using Chinese. The fundamental reason is that they mainly learn Chinese characters from the glyph and pronunciation, but do not master the semantics of Chinese characters. If they can understand the meaning of Chinese characters and form knowledge groups of the characters with relevant meanings, it can effectively improve learning efficiency. We achieve this goal by building a Chinese character semantic knowledge graph (CCSKG). In the process of building the knowledge graph, the semantic computing capacity of HowNet was utilized, and 104,187 associated edges were finally established for 6752 Chinese characters. Thanks to the development of deep learning, OpenHowNet releases the core data of HowNet and provides useful APIs for calculating the similarity between two words based on sememes. Therefore our method combines the advantages of data-driven and knowledge-driven. The proposed method treats Chinese sentences as subgraphs of the CCSKG and uses graph algorithms to correct Chinese typos and achieve good results. The experimental results show that compared with keras-bert and pycorrector + ernie, our method reduces the false acceptance rate by 38.28% and improves the recall rate by 40.91% in the field of learning Chinese as a foreign language. The CCSKG can help to promote Chinese overseas communication and international education.

Orthogonal Test Optimization of Extraction Technology of Total Fla-vonoids from Fruits and Leaves of Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc. and Its in Vitro Anti-oxidation Activity

[Objectives]To optimize the extraction technology of total flavonoids component,and investigate its in vitro anti-oxidation activity.[Methods]The single factor was inspected firstly. By orthogonal experiment,the best extraction conditions of total flavonoids from fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. were determined,and reducing ability of the extracted total flavonoids and its DPPH and ABTS scavenging abilities were explored. [Results] The best extraction technology conditions: solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 50,ethanol concentration of 50%,extraction time of 2. 5 h,extraction temperature of 85 ℃,two-time extraction. By detecting DPPH and ABTS scavenging abilities of total flavonoids,the anti-oxidation activity of the total flavonoids from fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. was analyzed and evaluated. [Conclusions]Fruits and leaves of P. mume Sieb. et Zucc. had a certain in vitro anti-oxidation activity,and heat reflux extraction method of its total flavonoids had high extraction rate and simple and convenient operation,which had some practical value.

Study on Colorimetric Method and Content Determination of Total Phenol in Homemade Plum Wine

[Objectives] To study on colorimetric method and content determination of total phenol in homemade plum wine. [Methods]The optimal determination condition of total polyphenols content in plum wine( commercially available and homemade) by Folin-Ciocalteu method was inspected,and commercially available and homemade plum wine was evaluated by the method. [Results]The optimal determination conditions of total polyphenols content: sample dose of 1. 0 m L,Folin-Ciocalteu reagent of 1 m L,4% Na_2CO_3 solution of 4. 0 m L,reaction temperature of 50 ℃,reaction time of 1. 5 h,and determination wavelength of 756 nm. Absorbance showed good linear relationship with total polyphenols content within the range of 17. 73-59. 12 μg/m L( y = 14. 878 x + 0. 0739,R^2= 0. 9998). Recovery rate of adding standard sample was between 98. 8% and 103. 5%,and relative standard deviation was 2. 0%( n = 5). [Conclusions]The method had high precision degree and good stability,which was suitable for measuring total polyphenols content in plum wine( commercially available and homemade).

Comparative Analysis of Fingerprint Spectra of Fruits and Leaves of Prunus mume Collected at Various Altitudes in Different Months

[Objectives] To study characteristic fingerprint spectra of fruits( its stones were removed) and leaves of Prunus mume collected at various altitudes in different regions of Jinchuan County,the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,China in different months by using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography( UPLC).[Methods]The evaluation system of similarity of chromatographic fingerprint spectra of traditional Chinese medicine and SPSS19. 0 were used to assess their similarity and to establish the reasonable reliable common model of chromatographic fingerprints,and the quality of the medicinal materials was evaluated.[Results] Seen from the fingerprint spectra of fruits( its stones were removed) and leaves of P. mume collected at different altitudes in various months,there were 15 common peaks in the fingerprint spectra of the fruits( its stones were removed),and the similarity of the 28 samples was higher than 0. 900,showing that there were small differences between the samples of the fruits( its stones were removed) in chemical components; there were 10 common peaks in the fingerprint spectra of the leaves,and the similarity of the 28 samples was also higher than 0. 900,indicating that there were also small differences between the samples of the leaves in chemical components.[Conclusions] The method of using fingerprint spectra to control the quality of fruits and leaves of P. mume was simple and stable and had strong specificity and good repeatability.

The energy performance and passive survivability of high thermal insulation buildings in future climate scenarios

Given that the passive performance simulation of buildings based on typical meteorological year data and specific design schemes makes it challenging to respond to climate change and refine design requirements on time,this article established a passive performance prediction model for future buildings considering multi-dimensional variables including climate change,building design,and operational characteristics.For high thermal insulation buildings under future climates,the mild climate zone is more sensitive than the others,cooling energy demand is more sensitive than heating demand,apartments are more sensitive than office buildings,and passive survivability is more sensitive than energy performance;for buildings of the same type located in the same climate zone,thermal design solutions determine the increase rate of cooling demand.The potential benefits of climate warming on heating demand reduction are almost zero,but the cooling demand increases significantly,with apartments and office buildings increasing up to 22.1% and 5.0%,respectively.Buildings generally overheat in the future,and the increase rate of the mild zone far exceeds other zones with duration and severity being 3004.8% and 877.7%for apartments,and 884.3% and 288.9%for office buildings,respectively.