Association of DNA methylation/demethylation with the functional outcome of stroke in a hyperinflammatory state

Inflammation is closely related to stroke prognosis, and high inflammation status leads to poor functional outcome in stroke. DNA methylation is involved in the pathogenesis and prognosis of stroke. However, the effect of DNA methylation on stroke at high levels of inflammation is unclear. In this study, we constructed a hyperinflammatory cerebral ischemia mouse model and investigated the effect of hypomethylation and hypermethylation on the functional outcome. We constructed a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated the mice with lipopolysaccharide to induce a hyperinflammatory state. To investigate the effect of DNA methylation on stroke, we used small molecule inhibitors to restrain the function of key DNA methylation and demethylation enzymes. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, neurological function scores, neurobehavioral tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blot assay were used to evaluate the effects after stroke in mice. We assessed changes in the global methylation status by measuring DNA 5-mc and DNA 5-hmc levels in peripheral blood after the use of the inhibitor. In the group treated with the DNA methylation inhibitor, brain tissue 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining showed an increase in infarct volume, which was accompanied by a decrease in neurological scores and worsening of neurobehavioral performance. The levels of inflammatory factors interleukin 6 and interleukin-1 beta in ischemic brain tissue and plasma were elevated, indicating increased inflammation. Related inflammatory pathway exploration showed significant overactivation of nuclear factor kappa B. These results suggested that inhibiting DNA methylation led to poor functional outcome in mice with high inflammation following stroke. Further, the effects were reversed by inhibition of DNA demethylation. Our findings suggest that DNA methylation regulates the inflammatory response in stroke and has an important role in the functional outcome of hyperinflammatory stroke.

基于古诗词文本挖掘的唐宋三峡人文景观特征及审美认知研究

三峡作为长江标志性风景带与文化带,是长江国家文化公园建立先行示范区的重要选址地段。研究三峡人文景观特征,有利于彰显三峡作为中华代表性符号的特性,促进其标志性文化资源的识别保护与价值诠释。唐宋时期是三峡相关诗词数量激增、代表性最高、影响力最广的关键时期。文章梳理440首唐宋三峡诗词中的景观地理信息,利用文本挖掘技术,结合ArcGIS空间分析法,实现三峡人文景观空间分布可视化和审美认知分析。结果表明:1)唐宋时期三峡人文景观在景物类型上主要由城镇景观、遗址胜迹、寺观宗祠和名人故居组成;2)在空间特征上呈沿江线性串珠式分布,并围绕奉节、巫山形成核心景观集群;3)在语义网络上形成了峡江大观、白帝古都、西陵胜景、巫山云雨等6类景观主题。文章对各主题的审美思想进行剖析,从而提出以诗词引导长江国家文化公园三峡段空间布局和诗意场景营造的建设建议。

The expression significance and associativity of ILK and PTEN in gastric cancer tissue

Objective: To research the contribution of ILK and PTEN to the carcinogenesis and development of gastric carcinoma and the relation with anti-oncogene PTEN. Methods: ILK and PTEN proteins, PTEN mRNA of 76 cases of normal gastric mucous and 112 cases of gastric carcinoma were detected by immunohistochemistry method and in situ hybridization. Results: The expression of ILK, PTEN protein in gastric carcinoma group and normal gastric mucosa group, muscular layer invasive group and no muscular layer invasive group, lymphatic metastasis group and non-lymphatic metastasis group were all statistical significance (P < 0.05 or P< 0.01). The expression of PTEN mRNA of gastric carcinoma group was lower than that of normal gastric mucosa group (P < 0.01). The expression of ILK and PTEN protein had negative correlation (r = -0.347, P < 0.01). Conclusion: ILK protein increasing and PTEN protein decreasing have closely relation with the genesis and development of gastric carcinoma, and controlling them may become a new treating target gastric cancer.

Hierarchical Training Mode for Market Demand Oriented Outstanding Seed Industry Talents

This paper analyzed the trend of seed industry development in-depth and studied changes in quantity and quality of demands for seed industry talents. To adapt to " breeding,propagating and selling" integration and internationalized trend of seed industry,it stated that hierarchical training mode is an ideal mode for training outstanding seed industry talents. Finally,it elaborated specific objectives and requirements of the hierarchical training mode,i. e. undergraduate- master- doctor.

Spatial relationship of tertiary lymphoid structures and tumor-associated neutrophils in bladder cancer and prognostic potential for anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy

Dear Editor,Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLSs)are organized clus-ters of immune cells found in non-lymphoid tissues of chronic inflammation,including solid tumors[1].High endothelial venules(HEVs)positive for peripheral node addressin(PNAd)are present in TLSs and may pro-vide highway entry for lymphocytes.Tumor-residing TLSs may be formed by the concerted actions of cytokines and chemokines,a finding supported by the relation between a 12-chemokine signature and TLSs[2].

Recent advances in H_(2)O_(2)-based advanced oxidation processes for removal of antibiotics from wastewater

As important emerging contaminants, antibiotics have caused potential hazards to the ecological environment and human health due to their extensive production and consumption. Among various techniques for removing antibiotics from wastewater, H_(2)O_(2)-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) have received increasing attention due to their fast reaction rate and strong oxidation capability. Hence this review critically discusses:(i) Recent research progress of AOPs with the addition of H_(2)O_(2) for antibiotics removal through different methods of H_(2)O_(2) activation;(ii) recent advances in AOPs that can in-situ generate and activate H_(2)O_(2) for antibiotics removal;(iii) H_(2)O_(2)-based AOPs as a combination with other techniques for the degradation and mineralization of antibiotics in wastewater. Future perspectives about H_(2)O_(2)-based AOPs are also presented to grasp the future research trend in the area.

Cost-effectiveness analysis on COVID-19 surveillance strategy of large-scale sports competition

Background:Nucleic acid test(NAT)could effectively control the spread of COVID-19 caused by large-scale sports competitions.However,quantitative analysis on the appropriate frequency of NAT is scarce,and the cost-effectiveness and necessity of high-frequency NAT remain to be fully explored and validated.This study aims to optimize the COVID-19 surveillance strategies through cost-effectiveness analysis for the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games and the upcoming Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games.Methods:A total of 18 scenarios were designed regarding the NAT frequency,symptom monitoring,and strengthening close-contact control.An agent-based stochastic dynamic model was used to compare the cost-effectiveness of different NAT scenarios and optimize the surveillance strategies.The dynamics of the proposed model included the arrival and departure of agents,transmission of the disease according to Poisson processes,and quarantine of agents based on regular NATs and symptom onset.Accumulative infections,cost,and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER)were simulated in the frame of the model.ICER was used to compare the cost-effectiveness of different scenarios.Univariate sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the results.Results:In Scenario 16,where the competition-related personnel(CRP)received NAT daily and national sports delegation(NSD)with quarantined infections accepted an additional NAT daily,accumulative infection was 320.90(90 initial infections),the total cost was(United States Dollar)USD 8920000,and the cost of detecting out each infection was USD 27800.Scenario 16 would reduce the total cost by USD 22570000(avoid 569.61 infections),USD 1420000(avoid 47.2 infections)compared with Scenario 10(weekly NAT,strengthened close contact control)and Scenario 7(daily NAT,no strengthened close contact control),respectively.Sensitivity analysis showed that the result was most sensitive to the change in basic reproductive number.Conclusions:High-frequency NATs such as bidaily,daily,and twice a day were cost-effective.NAT daily for CRP with strengthening close-contact control could be prioritized in defense against COVID-19 at large-scale sports competitions.This study could assist policymakers by assessing the cost-effectiveness of NAT scenarios and provide the host country with an optimal COVID-19 surveillance strategy.