The lineage specification of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs) is tightly regulated by a wide range of factors. Recently, the versatile functions of ZBP1(also known as DAI or DLM-1) have been reported in the blood ...The lineage specification of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs) is tightly regulated by a wide range of factors. Recently, the versatile functions of ZBP1(also known as DAI or DLM-1) have been reported in the blood circulation and immune systems.However, the biological function of ZBP1 during the lineage specification of MSCs is still unknown. In the present study, we found that ZBP1 was upregulated during osteogenesis but downregulated during adipogenesis in mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs(m BMSCs). ZBP1 was highly expressed in osteoblasts but expressed at a relatively low level in marrow adipocytes. Knockdown of ZBP1 inhibited alkaline phosphataseactivity, extracellular matrix mineralization, and osteogenesis-related gene expression in vitro and reduced ectopic bone formation in vivo. Knockdown of ZBP1 also promoted adipogenesis in MSCs in vitro. Conversely, the overexpression of ZBP1 increased the osteogenesis but suppressed the adipogenesis of MSCs. When the expression of ZBP1 was rescued, the osteogenic capacity of ZBP1-depleted m BMSCs was restored at both the molecular and phenotypic levels.Furthermore, we demonstrated that ZBP1, a newly identified target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, was required for β-catenin translocation into nuclei. Collectively, our results indicate that ZBP1 is a novel regulator of bone and fat transdifferentiation via Wnt/β-catenin signaling.展开更多
A cavity viscoelastic structure has a good sound absorption performance and is often used as a reflective baffle or sound absorption cover in underwater acoustic structures.The acoustic performance field has become a ...A cavity viscoelastic structure has a good sound absorption performance and is often used as a reflective baffle or sound absorption cover in underwater acoustic structures.The acoustic performance field has become a key research direction worldwide.Because of the time-consuming shortcomings of the traditional numerical analysis method and the high cost of the experimental method for measuring the reflection coefficient to evaluate the acoustic performance of coatings,this innovative study predicted the reflection coefficient of a viscoelastic coating containing a cylindrical cavity based on an artificial neural network(ANN).First,themapping relationship between the input characteristics and reflection coefficient was analysed.When the elastic modulus and loss factor value were smaller,the characteristics of the reflection coefficient curve were more complicated.These key parameters affected the acoustic performance of the viscoelastic coating.Second,a dataset of the acoustic performance of the viscoelastic coating containing a cylindrical cavity was generated based on the finite elementmethod(FEM),which avoided a large number of repeated experiments.The minmax normalization method was used to preprocess the input characteristics of the viscoelastic coating,and the reflection coefficient was used as the dataset label.The grid search method was used to fine-tune the ANNparameters,and the prediction error was studied based on a 10-fold cross-validation.Finally,the error distributions were analysed.The average root means square error(RMSE)and the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)predicted by the improved ANN model were 0.298%and 1.711%,respectively,and the Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC)was 0.995,indicating that the improved ANN model accurately predicted the acoustic performance of the viscoelastic coating containing a cylindrical cavity.In practical engineering applications,by expanding the database of the material range,cavity size and backing of the coating,the reflection coefficient of more sound-absorbing layers was evaluated,which is useful for efficiently predicting the acoustic performance of coatings in a specific frequency range and has great application value.展开更多
Research on the acoustic performance of an anechoic coating composed of cavities in a viscoelastic material has recently become an area of great interest.Traditional forward research methods are unable to manipulate s...Research on the acoustic performance of an anechoic coating composed of cavities in a viscoelastic material has recently become an area of great interest.Traditional forward research methods are unable to manipulate sound waves accurately and effectively,are difficult to analyse,have time-consuming solution processes,and have large optimization search spaces.To address these issues,this paper proposes a deep learning-based inverse research method to efficiently invert the material parameters of Alberich-type sound absorption coatings and rapidly predict their acoustic performance.First,an autoencoder(AE)model is pretrained to reconstruct the viscoelastic material parameters of an Alberich-type sound absorption coating,the material parameters are extracted into the latent feature space by the encoder,and the decoder model is saved.The internal relationship between the reflection coefficient and latent feature space is trained to establish a multilayer perceptron(MLP).Then,the reflection coefficients in the test set are input to the trained MLP and decoder models to automatically invert the material parameters.The accuracy of the inversion result is 95.08%.Finally,a predictive model is trained to rapidly predict the acoustic performance of the inverted material parameters.The speed of a single test target is 80 times faster than that of the finite element method(FEM).Furthermore,sound absorber material parameters with the best sound absorption performance and a three-band sound absorber are inverted,and their actual sound absorption performance is predicted by the proposed method.The proposed deep learning-based inversion research method provides a solution for low-frequency,wide-band,strong attenuation,and precisely controlled sound waves.It achieves an efficient inversion of material parameters and the rapid forecasting of acoustic performance.The training model can be used for a sound absorbing coating composed of irregular cavities in a viscoelastic material and predict its acoustic performance by only modifying the dataset.展开更多
The quality and safety of agricultural products are closely related to human health.They also play an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of China’s agricultural products market,shaping the brand value of...The quality and safety of agricultural products are closely related to human health.They also play an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of China’s agricultural products market,shaping the brand value of agricultural products,and promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.At present,there are still a series of problems in the quality and safety of agricultural products.Relevant departments of the state should strengthen guidance and supervision,improve the quality and safety awareness and management level of agricultural product producers,and encourage producers to participate in the product certification and process certification of agricultural products.In addition,it is necessary to take effective control measures in accordance with the certification requirements,to evaluate their effectiveness,so as to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products and promote the high-quality development of China’s agriculture.展开更多
In this paper, we construct a company value model based on the tax shield effect for overseas listing and privatization scenarios. The trade-off process of privatization decisions is simulated in the context of China ...In this paper, we construct a company value model based on the tax shield effect for overseas listing and privatization scenarios. The trade-off process of privatization decisions is simulated in the context of China concept stock companies’ reality. The results indicate that the value of tax shields, the degree of undervaluation, the ability to obtain cash flows, the risk of short selling, the cost of listing transactions, and fraud penalties are critical factors influencing the choice of privatization. The company value analysis shows that tax shield effect positively affects the probability of privatization. Furthermore, the weaker the ability of a company to obtain cash flow when listed overseas, the lower the WACC, the higher the risk of being shorted, and the higher the cost of listing transactions, the higher the probability that a company will choose to go private. Finally, numerical simulations are adopted to validate the validity of the theoretical model and the findings using SINA’s privatization as a case study. The findings can provide academic guidance and a decision-making basis on trading arrangements for CCS companies.展开更多
Root hydraulic conductivity has been shown to decrease under phosphorus （P） deficiency. This study Investigated how the formation of aerenchyma is related to this change. Root anatomy, as well as root hydraulic cond...Root hydraulic conductivity has been shown to decrease under phosphorus （P） deficiency. This study Investigated how the formation of aerenchyma is related to this change. Root anatomy, as well as root hydraulic conductivity was studied In maize （Zea mays L.） roots under different phosphorus nutrition conditions. Plant roots under P stress showed enhanced degradation of cortical cells and the aerenchyma formation was associated with their reduced root hydraulic conductivity, supporting our hypothesis that air spaces that form in the cortex of phosphorusstressed roots Impede the radial transport of water in a root cylinder. Further evidence came from the variation In aerenchyma formation due to genotypic differences. Five maize inbred lines with different porosity in their root cortex showed a significant negative correlation with their root hydraulic conductivity. Shoot relative water content was also found lower In P-deficient maize plants than that in P-sufficient ones when such treatment was prolonged enough, suggesting a limitation of water transport due to lowered root hydraulic conductivity of P-deficient plants.展开更多
m6A,a conserved and abundant modification on RNA,regulates RNA processing and function.RNA m6A machinery,including writers,erasers,and readers of m6A,is indispensable for m6A installation and function.Intriguingly,rec...m6A,a conserved and abundant modification on RNA,regulates RNA processing and function.RNA m6A machinery,including writers,erasers,and readers of m6A,is indispensable for m6A installation and function.Intriguingly,recent studies have revealed that m6A machinery can be recruited to chromatin by pleiotropic factors,including nascent RNA,transcription factors,regulatory RNA,histone modifications,and epigenetic machinery.Consequently,recruitment of m6A machinery can directly regulate chromatin biology,such as transcription,DNA damage repair,and DNA recombination beyond installation of m6A on nascent mRNA.Here,we discuss recent evidence showing that m6A machinery is targeted to chromatin and the direct biological consequences along with the underlying mechanisms.展开更多
High-voltage DC(HVDC)cables show more efficiency than high-voltage AC cables over the long distance power transmission and have attracted significant attention recently due to rapid developments in off-shore wind farm...High-voltage DC(HVDC)cables show more efficiency than high-voltage AC cables over the long distance power transmission and have attracted significant attention recently due to rapid developments in off-shore wind farm.Polypropylene laminated paper(PPLP)insulation based HVDC cables have provided a reliable operation for many years and are the highest voltage level in operation at the moment.In this study,the authors intend to understand the electrical performance of PPLP insulation system by examining space charge in detail,especially at the interfaces.It has been found that the interface between polypropylene and Kraft paper acts as trap for charge carriers,resulting in an optimal electric field distribution in PPLP insulation system.The optimal electric field distribution enhances overall electrical performance of PPLP insulation,including higher dc breakdown strength and lower electrical conductivity.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22073058)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.201901D111018 and No.20210302124682)the Scientific and Technologial Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(No.2020L0618).
基金supported by the Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81671024, 81371171, 81571009, and 81600877)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M600745)。
文摘The lineage specification of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs) is tightly regulated by a wide range of factors. Recently, the versatile functions of ZBP1(also known as DAI or DLM-1) have been reported in the blood circulation and immune systems.However, the biological function of ZBP1 during the lineage specification of MSCs is still unknown. In the present study, we found that ZBP1 was upregulated during osteogenesis but downregulated during adipogenesis in mouse bone marrow-derived MSCs(m BMSCs). ZBP1 was highly expressed in osteoblasts but expressed at a relatively low level in marrow adipocytes. Knockdown of ZBP1 inhibited alkaline phosphataseactivity, extracellular matrix mineralization, and osteogenesis-related gene expression in vitro and reduced ectopic bone formation in vivo. Knockdown of ZBP1 also promoted adipogenesis in MSCs in vitro. Conversely, the overexpression of ZBP1 increased the osteogenesis but suppressed the adipogenesis of MSCs. When the expression of ZBP1 was rescued, the osteogenic capacity of ZBP1-depleted m BMSCs was restored at both the molecular and phenotypic levels.Furthermore, we demonstrated that ZBP1, a newly identified target of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, was required for β-catenin translocation into nuclei. Collectively, our results indicate that ZBP1 is a novel regulator of bone and fat transdifferentiation via Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51765008 and 11304050)the High-Level Innovative Talents Project of Guizhou Province(No.20164033)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province(No.2020-1Z048)the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Technology of the Ministry of Education(No.XDKFJJ[2016]10).
文摘A cavity viscoelastic structure has a good sound absorption performance and is often used as a reflective baffle or sound absorption cover in underwater acoustic structures.The acoustic performance field has become a key research direction worldwide.Because of the time-consuming shortcomings of the traditional numerical analysis method and the high cost of the experimental method for measuring the reflection coefficient to evaluate the acoustic performance of coatings,this innovative study predicted the reflection coefficient of a viscoelastic coating containing a cylindrical cavity based on an artificial neural network(ANN).First,themapping relationship between the input characteristics and reflection coefficient was analysed.When the elastic modulus and loss factor value were smaller,the characteristics of the reflection coefficient curve were more complicated.These key parameters affected the acoustic performance of the viscoelastic coating.Second,a dataset of the acoustic performance of the viscoelastic coating containing a cylindrical cavity was generated based on the finite elementmethod(FEM),which avoided a large number of repeated experiments.The minmax normalization method was used to preprocess the input characteristics of the viscoelastic coating,and the reflection coefficient was used as the dataset label.The grid search method was used to fine-tune the ANNparameters,and the prediction error was studied based on a 10-fold cross-validation.Finally,the error distributions were analysed.The average root means square error(RMSE)and the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)predicted by the improved ANN model were 0.298%and 1.711%,respectively,and the Pearson correlation coefficient(PCC)was 0.995,indicating that the improved ANN model accurately predicted the acoustic performance of the viscoelastic coating containing a cylindrical cavity.In practical engineering applications,by expanding the database of the material range,cavity size and backing of the coating,the reflection coefficient of more sound-absorbing layers was evaluated,which is useful for efficiently predicting the acoustic performance of coatings in a specific frequency range and has great application value.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51765008,11304050)the High-Level Innovative Talents Project of Guizhou Province(No.20164033)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Guizhou Province(No.2020–1Z048)the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Technology of the Ministry of Education(No.XDKFJJ[2016]10).
文摘Research on the acoustic performance of an anechoic coating composed of cavities in a viscoelastic material has recently become an area of great interest.Traditional forward research methods are unable to manipulate sound waves accurately and effectively,are difficult to analyse,have time-consuming solution processes,and have large optimization search spaces.To address these issues,this paper proposes a deep learning-based inverse research method to efficiently invert the material parameters of Alberich-type sound absorption coatings and rapidly predict their acoustic performance.First,an autoencoder(AE)model is pretrained to reconstruct the viscoelastic material parameters of an Alberich-type sound absorption coating,the material parameters are extracted into the latent feature space by the encoder,and the decoder model is saved.The internal relationship between the reflection coefficient and latent feature space is trained to establish a multilayer perceptron(MLP).Then,the reflection coefficients in the test set are input to the trained MLP and decoder models to automatically invert the material parameters.The accuracy of the inversion result is 95.08%.Finally,a predictive model is trained to rapidly predict the acoustic performance of the inverted material parameters.The speed of a single test target is 80 times faster than that of the finite element method(FEM).Furthermore,sound absorber material parameters with the best sound absorption performance and a three-band sound absorber are inverted,and their actual sound absorption performance is predicted by the proposed method.The proposed deep learning-based inversion research method provides a solution for low-frequency,wide-band,strong attenuation,and precisely controlled sound waves.It achieves an efficient inversion of material parameters and the rapid forecasting of acoustic performance.The training model can be used for a sound absorbing coating composed of irregular cavities in a viscoelastic material and predict its acoustic performance by only modifying the dataset.
文摘The quality and safety of agricultural products are closely related to human health.They also play an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of China’s agricultural products market,shaping the brand value of agricultural products,and promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.At present,there are still a series of problems in the quality and safety of agricultural products.Relevant departments of the state should strengthen guidance and supervision,improve the quality and safety awareness and management level of agricultural product producers,and encourage producers to participate in the product certification and process certification of agricultural products.In addition,it is necessary to take effective control measures in accordance with the certification requirements,to evaluate their effectiveness,so as to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products and promote the high-quality development of China’s agriculture.
文摘In this paper, we construct a company value model based on the tax shield effect for overseas listing and privatization scenarios. The trade-off process of privatization decisions is simulated in the context of China concept stock companies’ reality. The results indicate that the value of tax shields, the degree of undervaluation, the ability to obtain cash flows, the risk of short selling, the cost of listing transactions, and fraud penalties are critical factors influencing the choice of privatization. The company value analysis shows that tax shield effect positively affects the probability of privatization. Furthermore, the weaker the ability of a company to obtain cash flow when listed overseas, the lower the WACC, the higher the risk of being shorted, and the higher the cost of listing transactions, the higher the probability that a company will choose to go private. Finally, numerical simulations are adopted to validate the validity of the theoretical model and the findings using SINA’s privatization as a case study. The findings can provide academic guidance and a decision-making basis on trading arrangements for CCS companies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30660086）.
文摘Root hydraulic conductivity has been shown to decrease under phosphorus （P） deficiency. This study Investigated how the formation of aerenchyma is related to this change. Root anatomy, as well as root hydraulic conductivity was studied In maize （Zea mays L.） roots under different phosphorus nutrition conditions. Plant roots under P stress showed enhanced degradation of cortical cells and the aerenchyma formation was associated with their reduced root hydraulic conductivity, supporting our hypothesis that air spaces that form in the cortex of phosphorusstressed roots Impede the radial transport of water in a root cylinder. Further evidence came from the variation In aerenchyma formation due to genotypic differences. Five maize inbred lines with different porosity in their root cortex showed a significant negative correlation with their root hydraulic conductivity. Shoot relative water content was also found lower In P-deficient maize plants than that in P-sufficient ones when such treatment was prolonged enough, suggesting a limitation of water transport due to lowered root hydraulic conductivity of P-deficient plants.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871284 and 32071296 to L.S.31971149 and 31800641 to T.S.).
文摘m6A,a conserved and abundant modification on RNA,regulates RNA processing and function.RNA m6A machinery,including writers,erasers,and readers of m6A,is indispensable for m6A installation and function.Intriguingly,recent studies have revealed that m6A machinery can be recruited to chromatin by pleiotropic factors,including nascent RNA,transcription factors,regulatory RNA,histone modifications,and epigenetic machinery.Consequently,recruitment of m6A machinery can directly regulate chromatin biology,such as transcription,DNA damage repair,and DNA recombination beyond installation of m6A on nascent mRNA.Here,we discuss recent evidence showing that m6A machinery is targeted to chromatin and the direct biological consequences along with the underlying mechanisms.
基金the financial support received from UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EP/L021560/1-Towards Enhanced HVDC Cable Systems)The further financial support from Shaanxi Electric Power Research Institute,China(SGTYHT/16-JS-200)is also essential.
文摘High-voltage DC(HVDC)cables show more efficiency than high-voltage AC cables over the long distance power transmission and have attracted significant attention recently due to rapid developments in off-shore wind farm.Polypropylene laminated paper(PPLP)insulation based HVDC cables have provided a reliable operation for many years and are the highest voltage level in operation at the moment.In this study,the authors intend to understand the electrical performance of PPLP insulation system by examining space charge in detail,especially at the interfaces.It has been found that the interface between polypropylene and Kraft paper acts as trap for charge carriers,resulting in an optimal electric field distribution in PPLP insulation system.The optimal electric field distribution enhances overall electrical performance of PPLP insulation,including higher dc breakdown strength and lower electrical conductivity.
