Understanding the bioelectrical properties of bone tissue is key to developing new treatment strategies for bone diseases and injuries,as well as improving the design and fabrication of scaffold implants for bone tiss...Understanding the bioelectrical properties of bone tissue is key to developing new treatment strategies for bone diseases and injuries,as well as improving the design and fabrication of scaffold implants for bone tissue engineering.The bioelectrical properties of bone tissue can be attributed to the interaction of its various cell lineages(osteocyte,osteoblast and osteoclast)with the surrounding extracellular matrix,in the presence of various biomechanical stimuli arising from routine physical activities;and is best described as a combination and overlap of dielectric,piezoelectric,pyroelectric and ferroelectric properties,together with streaming potential and electro-osmosis.There is close interdependence and interaction of the various electroactive and electrosensitive components of bone tissue,including cell membrane potential,voltage-gated ion channels,intracellular signaling pathways,and cell surface receptors,together with various matrix components such as collagen,hydroxyapatite,proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans.It is the remarkably complex web of interactive cross-talk between the organic and non-organic components of bone that define its electrophysiological properties,which in turn exerts a profound influence on its metabolism,homeostasis and regeneration in health and disease.This has spurred increasing interest in application of electroactive scaffolds in bone tissue engineering,to recapitulate the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy bone tissue to facilitate bone defect repair.展开更多
Career identity is one of the important topics to study the psychological problems of employees,especially after the outbreak of CoV-19.Being a populous country in the world,China has a large number of employees from ...Career identity is one of the important topics to study the psychological problems of employees,especially after the outbreak of CoV-19.Being a populous country in the world,China has a large number of employees from all walks of life,and its research on career identity has attracted more and more attention.Thus,this study aims to sort out the history,characteristics,and trends of the research on career identity in China through a literature review,which can help more scholars pay attention to China’s career identity research.In this study,Citespace is used to statistically analyze the selected literature from China’s National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS).The results show that:(1)The historical evolution of career identity research in China can be divided into three stages:germination,development and maturity.(2)From the perspective of cooperation between authors and institutions,researchers tend to do independent research,mainly focusing on the research in the field of psychology.(3)From the key words,career identity and employability are the main high-frequency words.(4)From the cluster analysis,the research focuses mainly include social support,teachers’career identity,influencing factors,and job involvement.(5)From the emergent analysis,it can be seen that the research on roles and differences between urban and rural areas is weakening,and the research on factors such as job satisfaction is gradually strengthening as the frontier theme.Finally,according to the existing analysis results,this study predicts the future trend of career identity in China and thinks that it will extend from the fields of concept explanation,interdisciplinary research,scientific research tools,and so on.展开更多
The high neurogenic potential of dental and oral-derived stem cells due to their embryonic neural crest origin,coupled with their ready accessibility and easy isolation from clinical waste,make these ideal cell source...The high neurogenic potential of dental and oral-derived stem cells due to their embryonic neural crest origin,coupled with their ready accessibility and easy isolation from clinical waste,make these ideal cell sources for neuroregeneration therapy.Nevertheless,these cells also have high propensity to differentiate into the osteo-odontogenic lineage.One strategy to enhance neurogenesis of these cells may be to recapitulate the natural physiological electrical microenvironment of neural tissues via electroactive or electroconductive tissue engineering scaffolds.Nevertheless,to date,there had been hardly any such studies on these cells.Most relevant scientific information comes from neurogenesis of other mesenchymal stem/stromal cell lineages(particularly bone marrow and adipose tissue)cultured on electroactive and electroconductive scaffolds,which will therefore be the focus of this review.Although there are larger number of similar studies on neural cell lines(i.e.PC12),neural stem/progenitor cells,and pluripotent stem cells,the scientific data from such studies are much less relevant and less translatable to dental and oral-derived stem cells,which are of the mesenchymal lineage.Much extrapolation work is needed to validate that electroactive and electroconductive scaffolds can indeed promote neurogenesis of dental and oral-derived stem cells,which would thus facilitate clinical applications in neuroregeneration therapy.展开更多
Objective:To establish a method for enriching,culturing and identifying stem-like subpopulation from human hepatic carcinoma cells,and to explore its biological properties.Methods:HepG2cells were cultured in cancer st...Objective:To establish a method for enriching,culturing and identifying stem-like subpopulation from human hepatic carcinoma cells,and to explore its biological properties.Methods:HepG2cells were cultured in cancer stem cell(CSC)medium to form spheroids.The stem-like HepG2cells obtained from tumor spheroids were then expanded.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD90 and CD133on the surface of stem-like HepG2 cells.The in vitro colony forming ability and in vivo tumorigenicity were detected by clone formation assay and tumorigenesis assay.Results:HepG2cells could grow in suspension and form spheroids in CSC medium.The stem-like cells had the ability of self-renewal and proliferation.The expression of CD90and CD133on the surface of these stem-like cells were higher than those of parental HepG2cells(P<0.01).The colony formation ability of stem-like cells was higher than that of parental HepG2cells.When injected with 1×106 cells,stemlike cells could form tumors earlier than parental cells in nude mice.The stem-like cells’tumorigenesis rate was higher and the tumor size was larger than those of parental HepG2cells(P<0.01).Conclusion:The suspension sphere culture method could enrich stem-like cells from HepG2cells.The obtained stem-like cells possessed the properties of self-renewal in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo.展开更多
Quasi-rectangular shield tunneling is a cutting-edge trenchless method for constructing metro tunnels with double tubes,owing to its advantages in saving underground space and reducing ground disturbance.However,the c...Quasi-rectangular shield tunneling is a cutting-edge trenchless method for constructing metro tunnels with double tubes,owing to its advantages in saving underground space and reducing ground disturbance.However,the conventional quasi-rectangular shield tunneling method is not applicable when constructing a tunnel without a center pillar,such as a scissor crossover section of a metro line.Therefore,the O-0 tunneling method,which combines the quasirectangular shield and pipe jacking methods,was investigated in this study to solve the aforementioned construction challenges.This study presents a case study of the Sijiqing Station of the Hangzhou Metro Line 9 in China,in which the O-0 method was first proposed and applied.Key techniques such as switching between two types of tunneling modes and the tunneling process control in complex construction environments were investigated.The results demonstrated that the O-0 method can address the technical challenges presented by the post-transition line with a high curvature and a scissors crossover line.In addition,the adoption of the 0-0 method ensured that the transformation between shield tunneling and pipe jacking was safe and efficient.The ground settlement monitoring results demonstrated that the disturbance to the surrounding environment can be limited to a safe level.This case study contributes to the construction technology for a metro tunnel containing both post-transition lines with a small turning radius and a scissors crossover line.A practical construction experience and theoretical guidance were provided in this study,which are of significance for both the industry and academia.展开更多
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED)uniquely exhibit high proliferative and neurogenic potential.Charged biomaterials have been demonstrated to promote neural differentiation of stem cells,but the do...Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED)uniquely exhibit high proliferative and neurogenic potential.Charged biomaterials have been demonstrated to promote neural differentiation of stem cells,but the dose-response effect of electrical stimuli from these materials on neural differentiation of SHED remains to be elucidated.Here,by utilizing different annealing temperatures prior to corona poling treatment,BaTiO_(3)/P(VDF-TrFE)ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes with varying charge polarization intensity(d_(33)≈0,4,12 and 19 pC N^(-1))were fabricated.Enhanced expression of neural markers,increased cell elongation and more prominent neurite outgrowths were observed with increasing surface charge of the nanocomposite membrane indicating a dose-response effect of surface electrical charge on SHED neural differentiation.Further investigations of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that intracellular calcium influx,focal adhesion formation,FAK-ERK mechanosensing pathway and neurogenic-related ErbB signaling pathway were implicated in the enhancement of SHED neural differentiation by surface electrical charge.Hence,this study confirms the dose-response effect of biomaterial surface charge on SHED neural differentiation and provides preliminary insights into the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved.展开更多
Macrophage-mediated inflammation compromises bone repair in diabetic patients.Electrical signaling cues are known to regulate macrophage functions.However,the biological effects of electrical microenvironment from cha...Macrophage-mediated inflammation compromises bone repair in diabetic patients.Electrical signaling cues are known to regulate macrophage functions.However,the biological effects of electrical microenvironment from charged biomaterials on the immune response for regulating osteogenesis under diabetic conditions remain to be elucidated.Herein the endogeneous electrical microenvironment of native bone tissue was recapitulated by fabricating a ferroelectric BaTiO_(3)/poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene)(BTO/P(VDF-TrFE))nanocomposite membrane.In vitro,the polarized BaTiO_(3)/poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene)(BTO/P(VDF-TrFE))nanocomposite membranes inhibited high glucose-induced M1-type inflammation,by effecting changes in cell morphology,M1 marker expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages.This led to enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BM-MSCs).In vivo,the biomimetic electrical microenvironment recapitulated by the polarized nanocomposite membranes switched macrophage phenotype from the pro-inflammatory(M1)into the pro-healing(M2)phenotype,which in turn enhanced bone regeneration in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Mechanistic studies revealed that the biomimetic electrical microenvironment attenuated pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization under hyperglycemic conditions by suppressing expression of AKT2 and IRF5 within the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,thereby inducing favorable osteo-immunomodulatory effects.Our study thus provides fundamental insights into the biological effects of restoring the electrical microenvironment conducive for osteogenesis under DM conditions,and offers an effective strategy to design functionalized biomaterials for bone regeneration therapy in diabetic patients.展开更多
Endothelial tip cell outgrowth of blood-vessel sprouts marks the initiation of angiogenesis which is critical in physiological and pathophysiological procedures.However,how mechanical characteristics of extracellular ...Endothelial tip cell outgrowth of blood-vessel sprouts marks the initiation of angiogenesis which is critical in physiological and pathophysiological procedures.However,how mechanical characteristics of extracellular matrix(ECM)modulates tip cell formation has been largely neglected.In this study,we found enhanced CD31 expression in the stiffening outer layer of hepatocellular carcinoma than in surrounding soft tissues.Stiffened matrix promoted sprouting from endothelial cell(EC)spheroids and upregulated expressions of tip cell-enriched genes in vitro.Moreover,tip cells showed increased cellular stiffness,more actin cytoskeleton organization and enhanced YAP nuclear transfer than stalk and phalanx ECs.We further uncovered that substrate stiffness regulates FAK and Paxillin phosphorylation in focal adhesion of ECs promoting Rac1 transition from inactive to active state.YAP is subsequently activated and translocated into nucleus,leading to increased tip cell specification.p-Paxillin can also loosen the intercellular connection which also facilitates tip cell specification.Collectively our present study shows that matrix stiffness modulates tip cell formation through p-PXN-Rac1-YAP signaling axis,shedding light on the role of mechanotransduction in tip cell formation.This is of special significance in biomaterial design and treatment of some pathological situations.展开更多
BaTiO3 nanofibers of about 400 nm in diameter were synthesized via electrospinning.The evolution of the morphology and phase composition of the BaTiO3 nanofibers was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray d...BaTiO3 nanofibers of about 400 nm in diameter were synthesized via electrospinning.The evolution of the morphology and phase composition of the BaTiO3 nanofibers was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction within the annealing temperature of 750-1050 ℃.Higher annealing temperature led to rougher surface and better crystallization of the BaTiO3 nanofibers.Below 1050 ℃,the BaTiO3 nanofibers maintained its large aspect ratios and could still be regarded as individual nanofiber.The dielectric permittivities of the BaTiO3 nanofibers(εr 820) were calculated with the MG equation by considering the porous bulk specimens as composites of BaTiO3 nanofibers and air.The ferroelectric properties of the BaTiO3nanofibers were measured by using a ferroelectric analyzer coupled with an atomic force microscope.P-E loop measured for the BaTiO3 nanofiber exhibits small hysteresis.展开更多
The mechanism of the mineralization process induced by natural mineralized collagen(MC)has been investigated for decades.The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of selfassembled MC for peri-implant b...The mechanism of the mineralization process induced by natural mineralized collagen(MC)has been investigated for decades.The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of selfassembled MC for peri-implant bone defect reconstruction in a mini pig.A standardized peri-implant bone defect model was created using 14 mini pig mandibles.Two materials were evaluated,i.e.a mixture of hydroxyapatite and collagen(Type A,TA),and self-assembled MC(Type B,TB).Bio-Oss(BO)and untreated(blank control,BC)groups were used as controls.After 3-and 6-month healing periods,the mini pigs were sacrificed for histomorphometric and microcomputed tomography analysis.After 3 months of healing,the average alveolar ridge height was 3.2761.57mm for group TA,3.28±2.02mm for group TB and 3.37±1.09mm for group BO,while group BC showed the lowest height of 2.68±0.47mm.After 6 months of healing,the average alveolar ridge height was 2.64±1.13mm for group TA,4.31±1.80mm for group TB and 3.8761.38mm for group BO,while group BC showed the lowest height of 2.48±1.80mm.The experimental groups and control group showed similar bone volume density,bone complexity and histological reaction.The self-assembled MC(Type B)stimulated new bone formation in the reconstruction of deficient alveolar ridges around the dental implant;it also displayed excellent clinical operability compared with bone grafts without collagen.展开更多
Based on engineering practices of four typical traffic immersed tunnels built in China,this paper details the features of the four dominant foundation treatment methods for immersed tunnel construction:pile foundation...Based on engineering practices of four typical traffic immersed tunnels built in China,this paper details the features of the four dominant foundation treatment methods for immersed tunnel construction:pile foundation,sand flow foundation,grouting foundation,and gravel bedding foundation.Subsoil stress time-history of different method are specified first,plus a summary of settlement assessment method for foundation quality control.Further,a comprehensive comparison of settlement and cost of these four foundation treatment methods is conducted to highlights the specific merits,disadvantages and conditions encountered in each foundation treatment method,based on real projects information.The findings of this article could henceforth be applied to foundation treatment work in immersed tube tunnel construction.展开更多
Soil macroinvertebrates as ecosystem engineers play significant, but largely ignored, roles in affecting mercury(Hg) cycle by altering soil physical-chemical properties. Ant is likely expanded into boreal mires with c...Soil macroinvertebrates as ecosystem engineers play significant, but largely ignored, roles in affecting mercury(Hg) cycle by altering soil physical-chemical properties. Ant is likely expanded into boreal mires with climate warming, however, its impacts on Hg cycle remained poorly understood. We compared total Hg(THg) and methylmercury(Me Hg) contents in soils from antmounds( Lasius flavus) and the nearby ambient in a boreal mire in Northeast China. The present work seeks to unravel factors that controlling Me Hg levels in case of ant appearance or absence. The average THg was 179 μg/kg in the ant mound and was 106.1 μg/kg in nearby soils, respectively. The average Me Hg was 10.9 μg/kg in the ant mound and was 12.9 μg/kg in nearby soils, respectively. The ratios of Me Hg to THg(%Me Hg) were 7.61% in ant mounds and 16.75% in nearby soils, respectively. Ant colonization caused THg enrichment and Me Hg depletion, and this change was obvious in the 10-20 cm depth soil layer where ants mainly inhabited. Spectrometry characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM) exert a stronger control than microorganisms on Me Hg variation in soils. A structural equation model revealed that the molecular weight of DOM inhibited Me Hg irrespective of ant presence or absence, while humification conducive to Me Hg significantly in ant mound soils. Microorganisms mainly affected Hg methylation by altering the molecular weight and humification of DOM. We propose that the effects of ant colonization on Me Hg rested on DOM feature variations caused by microorganisms in boreal mires.展开更多
Viscoelasticity of the extracellular matrix(ECM)plays a critical part in controlling cell behavior.However,the structure-related viscoelasticity of the synthetic ECM and its mechanism are rarely reported.Due to its hi...Viscoelasticity of the extracellular matrix(ECM)plays a critical part in controlling cell behavior.However,the structure-related viscoelasticity of the synthetic ECM and its mechanism are rarely reported.Due to its high tissue similarity,synthetic ECM with structural anisotropy and viscoelasticity holds a great promise for structure and function correlation studies.Here,we reported a series of synthetic composite hydrogel-based ECM with different levels of anisotropic orientation and viscoelastic properties through recently developed post-treatment procedures(the confined pre-strain stretching and drying procedure,the soaking salt solution procedure,and the synergetic sequences of two procedures).Further,by establishing a multimode Maxwell viscoelastic mechanic model,the stress relaxation behavior of the bionic ECM with different levels of anisotropic orientation and viscoelastic properties was simulated successfully.The characteristic viscoelastic parameters of the bionic ECM could also be calculated exactly.This study presented a novel viscoelastic mechanic model for mimicking the key ECM features of the synthetic ECM with anisotropic structure and viscoelasticity properties.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2021YFB3800800 and 2021YFC2400400National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82022016,51973004,81991505 and 52103312+2 种基金the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:7222226National Program for Multidisciplinary Cooperative Treatment on Major Diseases,Grant/Award Number:PKUSSNMP-202002Peking University School of Stomatology National Clinical Key Discipline Construction Project,Grant/Award Number:PKUSSNKP-T202101。
文摘Understanding the bioelectrical properties of bone tissue is key to developing new treatment strategies for bone diseases and injuries,as well as improving the design and fabrication of scaffold implants for bone tissue engineering.The bioelectrical properties of bone tissue can be attributed to the interaction of its various cell lineages(osteocyte,osteoblast and osteoclast)with the surrounding extracellular matrix,in the presence of various biomechanical stimuli arising from routine physical activities;and is best described as a combination and overlap of dielectric,piezoelectric,pyroelectric and ferroelectric properties,together with streaming potential and electro-osmosis.There is close interdependence and interaction of the various electroactive and electrosensitive components of bone tissue,including cell membrane potential,voltage-gated ion channels,intracellular signaling pathways,and cell surface receptors,together with various matrix components such as collagen,hydroxyapatite,proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans.It is the remarkably complex web of interactive cross-talk between the organic and non-organic components of bone that define its electrophysiological properties,which in turn exerts a profound influence on its metabolism,homeostasis and regeneration in health and disease.This has spurred increasing interest in application of electroactive scaffolds in bone tissue engineering,to recapitulate the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy bone tissue to facilitate bone defect repair.
基金This study was funded by Jiangsu Province General Research Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Universities,Grant No.“2021SJA0488”Jiangsu Graduate Innovation Project,Grant No.“KYCX20_1145”China Scholarship Council Projects,Grant No.“202006860031”.
文摘Career identity is one of the important topics to study the psychological problems of employees,especially after the outbreak of CoV-19.Being a populous country in the world,China has a large number of employees from all walks of life,and its research on career identity has attracted more and more attention.Thus,this study aims to sort out the history,characteristics,and trends of the research on career identity in China through a literature review,which can help more scholars pay attention to China’s career identity research.In this study,Citespace is used to statistically analyze the selected literature from China’s National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS).The results show that:(1)The historical evolution of career identity research in China can be divided into three stages:germination,development and maturity.(2)From the perspective of cooperation between authors and institutions,researchers tend to do independent research,mainly focusing on the research in the field of psychology.(3)From the key words,career identity and employability are the main high-frequency words.(4)From the cluster analysis,the research focuses mainly include social support,teachers’career identity,influencing factors,and job involvement.(5)From the emergent analysis,it can be seen that the research on roles and differences between urban and rural areas is weakening,and the research on factors such as job satisfaction is gradually strengthening as the frontier theme.Finally,according to the existing analysis results,this study predicts the future trend of career identity in China and thinks that it will extend from the fields of concept explanation,interdisciplinary research,scientific research tools,and so on.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82022016,51772006,51973004,and 81991505)Peking University Medicine Fund(Nos.PKU2020LCXQ009 and BMU2020PYB029)。
文摘The high neurogenic potential of dental and oral-derived stem cells due to their embryonic neural crest origin,coupled with their ready accessibility and easy isolation from clinical waste,make these ideal cell sources for neuroregeneration therapy.Nevertheless,these cells also have high propensity to differentiate into the osteo-odontogenic lineage.One strategy to enhance neurogenesis of these cells may be to recapitulate the natural physiological electrical microenvironment of neural tissues via electroactive or electroconductive tissue engineering scaffolds.Nevertheless,to date,there had been hardly any such studies on these cells.Most relevant scientific information comes from neurogenesis of other mesenchymal stem/stromal cell lineages(particularly bone marrow and adipose tissue)cultured on electroactive and electroconductive scaffolds,which will therefore be the focus of this review.Although there are larger number of similar studies on neural cell lines(i.e.PC12),neural stem/progenitor cells,and pluripotent stem cells,the scientific data from such studies are much less relevant and less translatable to dental and oral-derived stem cells,which are of the mesenchymal lineage.Much extrapolation work is needed to validate that electroactive and electroconductive scaffolds can indeed promote neurogenesis of dental and oral-derived stem cells,which would thus facilitate clinical applications in neuroregeneration therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81360347,No.81560493)Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi (No. 2015GXNSFDA 139024)the Research Fund for the College Scientific Program of Educational Department of Guangxi Province(No.ZD2014027)
文摘Objective:To establish a method for enriching,culturing and identifying stem-like subpopulation from human hepatic carcinoma cells,and to explore its biological properties.Methods:HepG2cells were cultured in cancer stem cell(CSC)medium to form spheroids.The stem-like HepG2cells obtained from tumor spheroids were then expanded.Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD90 and CD133on the surface of stem-like HepG2 cells.The in vitro colony forming ability and in vivo tumorigenicity were detected by clone formation assay and tumorigenesis assay.Results:HepG2cells could grow in suspension and form spheroids in CSC medium.The stem-like cells had the ability of self-renewal and proliferation.The expression of CD90and CD133on the surface of these stem-like cells were higher than those of parental HepG2cells(P<0.01).The colony formation ability of stem-like cells was higher than that of parental HepG2cells.When injected with 1×106 cells,stemlike cells could form tumors earlier than parental cells in nude mice.The stem-like cells’tumorigenesis rate was higher and the tumor size was larger than those of parental HepG2cells(P<0.01).Conclusion:The suspension sphere culture method could enrich stem-like cells from HepG2cells.The obtained stem-like cells possessed the properties of self-renewal in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo.
基金theSSocial Development Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21DZ1201105)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.21D111320)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42201489).
文摘Quasi-rectangular shield tunneling is a cutting-edge trenchless method for constructing metro tunnels with double tubes,owing to its advantages in saving underground space and reducing ground disturbance.However,the conventional quasi-rectangular shield tunneling method is not applicable when constructing a tunnel without a center pillar,such as a scissor crossover section of a metro line.Therefore,the O-0 tunneling method,which combines the quasirectangular shield and pipe jacking methods,was investigated in this study to solve the aforementioned construction challenges.This study presents a case study of the Sijiqing Station of the Hangzhou Metro Line 9 in China,in which the O-0 method was first proposed and applied.Key techniques such as switching between two types of tunneling modes and the tunneling process control in complex construction environments were investigated.The results demonstrated that the O-0 method can address the technical challenges presented by the post-transition line with a high curvature and a scissors crossover line.In addition,the adoption of the 0-0 method ensured that the transformation between shield tunneling and pipe jacking was safe and efficient.The ground settlement monitoring results demonstrated that the disturbance to the surrounding environment can be limited to a safe level.This case study contributes to the construction technology for a metro tunnel containing both post-transition lines with a small turning radius and a scissors crossover line.A practical construction experience and theoretical guidance were provided in this study,which are of significance for both the industry and academia.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3800800,2021YFC2400400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82022016,81991505,51973004,52103312)+1 种基金the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(7222226)Peking University Medicine Fund(PKU2020LCXQ009).
文摘Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED)uniquely exhibit high proliferative and neurogenic potential.Charged biomaterials have been demonstrated to promote neural differentiation of stem cells,but the dose-response effect of electrical stimuli from these materials on neural differentiation of SHED remains to be elucidated.Here,by utilizing different annealing temperatures prior to corona poling treatment,BaTiO_(3)/P(VDF-TrFE)ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes with varying charge polarization intensity(d_(33)≈0,4,12 and 19 pC N^(-1))were fabricated.Enhanced expression of neural markers,increased cell elongation and more prominent neurite outgrowths were observed with increasing surface charge of the nanocomposite membrane indicating a dose-response effect of surface electrical charge on SHED neural differentiation.Further investigations of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that intracellular calcium influx,focal adhesion formation,FAK-ERK mechanosensing pathway and neurogenic-related ErbB signaling pathway were implicated in the enhancement of SHED neural differentiation by surface electrical charge.Hence,this study confirms the dose-response effect of biomaterial surface charge on SHED neural differentiation and provides preliminary insights into the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1105303/04)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51772006,31670993,51973004,81991505,82022016)+3 种基金Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission Projects(Z181100002018001)Peking University Medicine Fund(Nos.PKU2020LCXQ009,BMU2020PYB029)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2019JJ50779)Health and Family Planning Commission of Hunan Province(20180246).
文摘Macrophage-mediated inflammation compromises bone repair in diabetic patients.Electrical signaling cues are known to regulate macrophage functions.However,the biological effects of electrical microenvironment from charged biomaterials on the immune response for regulating osteogenesis under diabetic conditions remain to be elucidated.Herein the endogeneous electrical microenvironment of native bone tissue was recapitulated by fabricating a ferroelectric BaTiO_(3)/poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene)(BTO/P(VDF-TrFE))nanocomposite membrane.In vitro,the polarized BaTiO_(3)/poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene)(BTO/P(VDF-TrFE))nanocomposite membranes inhibited high glucose-induced M1-type inflammation,by effecting changes in cell morphology,M1 marker expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in macrophages.This led to enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BM-MSCs).In vivo,the biomimetic electrical microenvironment recapitulated by the polarized nanocomposite membranes switched macrophage phenotype from the pro-inflammatory(M1)into the pro-healing(M2)phenotype,which in turn enhanced bone regeneration in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Mechanistic studies revealed that the biomimetic electrical microenvironment attenuated pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization under hyperglycemic conditions by suppressing expression of AKT2 and IRF5 within the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,thereby inducing favorable osteo-immunomodulatory effects.Our study thus provides fundamental insights into the biological effects of restoring the electrical microenvironment conducive for osteogenesis under DM conditions,and offers an effective strategy to design functionalized biomaterials for bone regeneration therapy in diabetic patients.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1105303/04)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81991505,82022016,51772006,31670993,51973004)+1 种基金Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission Projects(Z181100002018001)We thank Dr.Siying Qin at the National Center for Protein Sciences of Peking University for technical help with AFM.
文摘Endothelial tip cell outgrowth of blood-vessel sprouts marks the initiation of angiogenesis which is critical in physiological and pathophysiological procedures.However,how mechanical characteristics of extracellular matrix(ECM)modulates tip cell formation has been largely neglected.In this study,we found enhanced CD31 expression in the stiffening outer layer of hepatocellular carcinoma than in surrounding soft tissues.Stiffened matrix promoted sprouting from endothelial cell(EC)spheroids and upregulated expressions of tip cell-enriched genes in vitro.Moreover,tip cells showed increased cellular stiffness,more actin cytoskeleton organization and enhanced YAP nuclear transfer than stalk and phalanx ECs.We further uncovered that substrate stiffness regulates FAK and Paxillin phosphorylation in focal adhesion of ECs promoting Rac1 transition from inactive to active state.YAP is subsequently activated and translocated into nucleus,leading to increased tip cell specification.p-Paxillin can also loosen the intercellular connection which also facilitates tip cell specification.Collectively our present study shows that matrix stiffness modulates tip cell formation through p-PXN-Rac1-YAP signaling axis,shedding light on the role of mechanotransduction in tip cell formation.This is of special significance in biomaterial design and treatment of some pathological situations.
基金financial supports from the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2012CB933900)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China(No.2012BAI07B00)+3 种基金the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2011AA030100)the Foundation for the Authors of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertations of China(Grant No. 201144)Beiing Nova Program(Grant No.XX2013037)Tsinghua University(Grant No.20121087925)
文摘BaTiO3 nanofibers of about 400 nm in diameter were synthesized via electrospinning.The evolution of the morphology and phase composition of the BaTiO3 nanofibers was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction within the annealing temperature of 750-1050 ℃.Higher annealing temperature led to rougher surface and better crystallization of the BaTiO3 nanofibers.Below 1050 ℃,the BaTiO3 nanofibers maintained its large aspect ratios and could still be regarded as individual nanofiber.The dielectric permittivities of the BaTiO3 nanofibers(εr 820) were calculated with the MG equation by considering the porous bulk specimens as composites of BaTiO3 nanofibers and air.The ferroelectric properties of the BaTiO3nanofibers were measured by using a ferroelectric analyzer coupled with an atomic force microscope.P-E loop measured for the BaTiO3 nanofiber exhibits small hysteresis.
基金supported by Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission Projects(No.Z181100002018001).
文摘The mechanism of the mineralization process induced by natural mineralized collagen(MC)has been investigated for decades.The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of selfassembled MC for peri-implant bone defect reconstruction in a mini pig.A standardized peri-implant bone defect model was created using 14 mini pig mandibles.Two materials were evaluated,i.e.a mixture of hydroxyapatite and collagen(Type A,TA),and self-assembled MC(Type B,TB).Bio-Oss(BO)and untreated(blank control,BC)groups were used as controls.After 3-and 6-month healing periods,the mini pigs were sacrificed for histomorphometric and microcomputed tomography analysis.After 3 months of healing,the average alveolar ridge height was 3.2761.57mm for group TA,3.28±2.02mm for group TB and 3.37±1.09mm for group BO,while group BC showed the lowest height of 2.68±0.47mm.After 6 months of healing,the average alveolar ridge height was 2.64±1.13mm for group TA,4.31±1.80mm for group TB and 3.8761.38mm for group BO,while group BC showed the lowest height of 2.48±1.80mm.The experimental groups and control group showed similar bone volume density,bone complexity and histological reaction.The self-assembled MC(Type B)stimulated new bone formation in the reconstruction of deficient alveolar ridges around the dental implant;it also displayed excellent clinical operability compared with bone grafts without collagen.
基金funded by the China National Basic Research Program(973 Program:2015CB057804).
文摘Based on engineering practices of four typical traffic immersed tunnels built in China,this paper details the features of the four dominant foundation treatment methods for immersed tunnel construction:pile foundation,sand flow foundation,grouting foundation,and gravel bedding foundation.Subsoil stress time-history of different method are specified first,plus a summary of settlement assessment method for foundation quality control.Further,a comprehensive comparison of settlement and cost of these four foundation treatment methods is conducted to highlights the specific merits,disadvantages and conditions encountered in each foundation treatment method,based on real projects information.The findings of this article could henceforth be applied to foundation treatment work in immersed tube tunnel construction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U20A2083, U19A2042, and 41771103)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (No. 2018265)。
文摘Soil macroinvertebrates as ecosystem engineers play significant, but largely ignored, roles in affecting mercury(Hg) cycle by altering soil physical-chemical properties. Ant is likely expanded into boreal mires with climate warming, however, its impacts on Hg cycle remained poorly understood. We compared total Hg(THg) and methylmercury(Me Hg) contents in soils from antmounds( Lasius flavus) and the nearby ambient in a boreal mire in Northeast China. The present work seeks to unravel factors that controlling Me Hg levels in case of ant appearance or absence. The average THg was 179 μg/kg in the ant mound and was 106.1 μg/kg in nearby soils, respectively. The average Me Hg was 10.9 μg/kg in the ant mound and was 12.9 μg/kg in nearby soils, respectively. The ratios of Me Hg to THg(%Me Hg) were 7.61% in ant mounds and 16.75% in nearby soils, respectively. Ant colonization caused THg enrichment and Me Hg depletion, and this change was obvious in the 10-20 cm depth soil layer where ants mainly inhabited. Spectrometry characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM) exert a stronger control than microorganisms on Me Hg variation in soils. A structural equation model revealed that the molecular weight of DOM inhibited Me Hg irrespective of ant presence or absence, while humification conducive to Me Hg significantly in ant mound soils. Microorganisms mainly affected Hg methylation by altering the molecular weight and humification of DOM. We propose that the effects of ant colonization on Me Hg rested on DOM feature variations caused by microorganisms in boreal mires.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi[No.20210302123158].
文摘Viscoelasticity of the extracellular matrix(ECM)plays a critical part in controlling cell behavior.However,the structure-related viscoelasticity of the synthetic ECM and its mechanism are rarely reported.Due to its high tissue similarity,synthetic ECM with structural anisotropy and viscoelasticity holds a great promise for structure and function correlation studies.Here,we reported a series of synthetic composite hydrogel-based ECM with different levels of anisotropic orientation and viscoelastic properties through recently developed post-treatment procedures(the confined pre-strain stretching and drying procedure,the soaking salt solution procedure,and the synergetic sequences of two procedures).Further,by establishing a multimode Maxwell viscoelastic mechanic model,the stress relaxation behavior of the bionic ECM with different levels of anisotropic orientation and viscoelastic properties was simulated successfully.The characteristic viscoelastic parameters of the bionic ECM could also be calculated exactly.This study presented a novel viscoelastic mechanic model for mimicking the key ECM features of the synthetic ECM with anisotropic structure and viscoelasticity properties.