Mutagenic Effects of Plasma Implantation on Scion of Jujube Tree

[ Objective ] This study aimed to explore and master the plasma implantation mutagenesis technology for jujube scion and find a new way to breed crack- ing-resistant fruit materials of jujube with ideal comprehensive characteristics. [ Method] A new technical means of plasma implantation mutagenesis was adopted for mutagenic treatment of famous jujube varieties Chun Date and Huping Date by implantation with nitrogen and argon plasma; subsequent grafting investigation was conducted. [ Result] The results showed that both nitrogen and argon plasma implantation could lead to mutation. With the same implantation dose, the mutation rate of jujube samples treated with argon plasma was significantly higher than nitrogen plasma; favorable mutations were mostly in jujube samples treated with argon plasma. Based on the grafting survival rate and mutation rate of jujube samples treated by plasma implantation, the optimal implantation dose of nitrogen and argon plasma for jujube scion was determined as （6 × 10^16 -8 × 10^16 ）/cm2 （number of ions per square centimeter）, the optimal implantation rate was 10 mA× 28 kV, and the optimal pulse intermittent duty cycle was 60%. According to survey results, jujube scion after mutagenic treatment with plasma implantation had a wide range of mutations in the growth rate, flowering and fruit-setting, leaf shape, fruit shape and growth period （maturity）. After four years of consecutive trials, a high-yield material with high fruit-setting rate and low fruit-cracking rate and two significantly cracking-resistant materials with growth period postponed by 10 - 15 d were obtained. [ Conclusion] This study provided new variant materials with cracking resistance and ideal comprehensive characteristics and explored new ways for the prevention and control of major disasters in jujube industry