Analysis of mesoscopic mechanical dynamic characteristics of ballast bed with under sleeper pads

The meso-dynamical behaviour of a high-speed rail ballast bed with under sleeper pads(USPs)was studied.The geometrically irregular refined discrete element model of the ballast particles was constructed using 3D scanning techniques,and the 3D dynamic model of the rail-sleeper-ballast bed was constructed using the coupled discrete element method-multiflexible-body dynamics(DEM-MFBD)approach.We analyse the meso-mechanical dynamics of the ballast bed with USPs under dynamic load on a train and verify the correctness of the model in laboratory tests.It is shown that the deformation of the USPs increases the contact area between the sleeper and the ballast particles,and subsequently the number of contacts between them.As the depth of the granular ballast bed increases,the contact area becomes larger,and the contact force between the ballast particles gradually decreases.Under the action of the elastic USPs,the contact forces between ballast particles are reduced and the overall vibration level of the ballast bed can be reduced.The settlement of the granular ballast bed occurs mainly at the shallow position of the sleeper bottom,and the installation of the elastic USPs can be effective in reducing the stress on the ballast particles and the settlement of the ballast bed.

公众参与合作生产的动机图谱及其影响——价值共创视角下的混合研究

“以人民为中心”的发展理念引领着社会治理创新。如何与公众有效互动,从而更好地实现公共价值,是政府决策部门高度关注的问题。论文基于以价值共创为新趋势的合作生产理论,围绕激励公众深度参与合作生产这一核心议题,采用混合研究方法,重新审视和解释公众合作生产行为,并挖掘行为背后的微观机理——合作生产动机。研究发现,为实现合作生产的公共价值最大化,既需要公众通过参与型合作生产行为回应政府期望,也依赖于公众表现出超越政策遵从的公民型合作生产行为。利益权衡型动机、互动体验型动机和价值引领型动机是促使公众参与合作生产的关键动机归因,不同动机之间的相互作用也会共同影响公众合作生产行为的尺度和水平。论文将建立在价值共创基础上的合作生产理论拓展到微观的行为公共管理领域,丰富了价值共创视角下公众参与合作生产的本土化研究,也为培育积极的公众主体提供了重要指引。

专栏导语:从行为视角深化中国情境下的合作生产研究

发端于西方的合作生产(Co-Prodution)理论延拓了协商民主、参与式治理等理论范畴,为理解行政实践中的治理网络和价值共创问题提供了广阔的理论视域,也为应对公共服务失败构建了新的理论想象力。作为后新公共管理运动时期开展政策设计、执行以及公共服务供给的重要实践手段,合作生产被视为激励公众参与、提高公共服务质量以及公众满意度的公共服务新模式,在国际公共管理领域掀起了极具启发性、变革性和创造性的新兴理论思潮。

Ultrasensitive detection of methamphetamine by antibody-modified transistor assay

Effective detection of methamphetamine(Met)requires a fast,sensitive,and cheap testing assay.However,commercially available methods require expensive instruments and highly trained operators,which are time-consuming and labor-intensive.Herein,an antibody-modified graphene transistor assay is developed for sensitive and minute-level detection of Met in complex environments.The anti-Met probe captured charged targets within 120 s,leading to a p-doping effect near the graphene channel.The limit of detection reaches 50 aM(5.0×10^(-17)M)Met in solution.The graphene transistor would be a valuable tool for Met detection effective prevention of drug abuse.

线上线下混合式智慧教学模式构想与实践

近20年来,中国高等教育领域在线课程资源和在线教学平台建设蒸蒸日上。当下,随着中国高等教育课程建设由规模扩张转入内涵式发展,在线课程资源和在线教学平台应用问题应该得到重视。探索线上线下混合式智慧教学模式、开展线上线下混合式智慧教学实践是落实该应用问题的重要举措。文章按教学内容(分理论内容为主和实践内容为主两种)和教学策略(分替代性教学策略为主和生成性教学策略为主两种)两个维度探索四种线上线下混合式智慧教学,以四门课程为例,经过多轮迭代更新,提出具有一定实践参考价值的线上线下混合式智慧教学TS模式、PS模式、TG模式、PG模式。

公共价值研究的几个重要问题——评Public Value:Theory and Practice

一、引言Public Value:Theory and Practice是约翰·贝宁顿(John Bennington)和马克·摩尔(Mark Moore)编纂的学术文集。依据作者的描述:“本书将公共价值的理论与实践结合……在深度和广度上充分展现了对公共价值的思考,推动了公共价值研究进一步的发展”(P.xiv)。对本书进行概括和述评,能够为国内的公共价值研究者提供更加开阔的学术视野,也意在明确哪些问题是公共价值研究的重要问题,从而促进公共价值理论体系的构建,推动公共价值理论与实践的结合。

腹腔热灌注化疗对不同病理类型和Borrmann分型进展期胃癌患者的预后分析

目的:回顾性分析行手术联合术后腹腔热灌注化疗(hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy,HIPEC)与同期单纯手术胃癌患者的临床病理资料,以期了解HIPEC对局部进展期胃癌患者预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月~2014年1月在天津医科大学肿瘤医院行HIPEC的80例Ⅲb期胃癌患者与同期单纯手术90例Ⅲb期胃癌患者。根据术后是否使用腹腔热灌注化疗分为HIPEC组(研究组)和单纯手术组(对照组)。研究组:印戒细胞癌24例,非印戒细胞癌56例;BorrmannⅠ型12例,BorrmannⅡ型28例,BorrmannⅢ型23例,BorrmannⅣ型17例。对照组:印戒细胞癌26例,非印戒细胞癌64例;BorrmannⅠ型15例,BorrmannⅡ型30例,BorrmannⅢ型26例子,BorrmannⅣ型19例。两组患者术后4周均予以SOX方案化疗8个疗程。分析比较不同病理类型及Borrmann分型的胃癌患者术后生存情况,并对两组患者手术相关并发症进行对比。结果:研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为36.25%和28.89%(P<0.05);印戒细胞癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为25.00%和15.38%(P<0.05);非印戒细胞癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为41.07%和34.38%(P>0.05);BorrmannⅠ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为41.67%和40.00%(P>0.05);BorrmannⅡ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为35.71%和33.33%(P>0.05);BorrmannⅢ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为39.13%和26.92%(P<0.05);BorrmannⅣ型胃癌患者中,研究组和对照组患者5年生存率分别为29.41%和15.79%(P<0.05)。两组患者手术相关并发症的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:手术联合HIPEC安全可行,有利于提高患有印戒细胞癌、BorrmannⅢ型及BorrmannⅣ型进展期胃癌患者术后的5年生存率,延长生存期。

白蛋白结合型紫杉醇在局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤治疗中的研究进展及展望

化疗在局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤的治疗中发挥重要作用,对提高肿瘤局部控制率、延缓肿瘤进展、减少远处转移及延长患者生存时间有重要的意义。TP(紫杉醇类加铂类)和TPF(紫杉醇类、顺铂及5-氟尿嘧啶)方案是头颈部肿瘤的经典有效化疗方案,故紫杉醇类(如紫杉醇和多西他赛)是头颈部肿瘤常用的化疗药物。白蛋白结合型紫杉醇作为一种新型紫杉醇类药物,以其独特剂型优势,已在多个临床试验中显示出良好的疗效及安全性。本文总结了以白蛋白结合型紫杉醇为基础分别联合其他不同化疗药物方案治疗局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤的安全性及有效性,对白蛋白结合型紫杉醇在局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤中应用的最新临床研究作一综述,并对未来该药治疗局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤进行展望。

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis:A multicenter propensity scorematched cohort study

Objective:Systemic chemotherapy has limited efficacy in the treatment of peritoneal metastasis(PM)in gastric cancer(GC).Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)combined with complete cytoreductive surgery(CRS)has shown promising outcomes but remains controversial.The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HIPEC without CRS in GC patients with PM.Methods:This retrospective propensity score-matched multicenter cohort study included GC patients with PM treated with either chemotherapy alone(Cx group)or with HIPEC combined with chemotherapy(HIPEC-Cx group)in four Chinese high-volume gastric medical centers between 2010 and 2017.The primary outcomes were median survival time(MST)and 3-year overall survival(OS).Propensity score matching was performed to compensate for controlling potential confounding effects and selection bias.Results:Of 663 eligible patients,498 were matched.The MST in the Cx and HIPEC-Cx groups was 10.8 and 15.9 months,respectively[hazard ratio(HR)=0.71,95%confidence interval(95%CI),0.58-0.88;P=0.002].The 3-year OS rate was 10.1%(95%CI,5.4%-14.8%)and 18.4%(95%CI,12.3%-24.5%)in the Cx and HIPEC-Cx groups,respectively(P=0.017).The complication rates were comparable.The time to first flatus and length of hospital stay for patients undergoing HIPEC combined with chemotherapy was longer than that of chemotherapy alone(4.6±2.4 d vs.2.7±1.8 d,P<0.001;14.2±5.8 d vs.11.4±7.7 d,P<0.001),respectively.The median follow-up period was 33.2 months.Conclusions:Compared with standard systemic chemotherapy,HIPEC combined with chemotherapy revealed a statistically significant survival benefit for GC patients with PM,without compromising patient safety.

联合应用阿帕替尼在不可切除晚期胃癌转化治疗中的研究

目的:探讨在不可切除晚期胃癌转化治疗中服用阿帕替尼的安全性及有效性。方法:回顾性分析2017年3月至2018年6月天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的33例晚期胃癌服用阿帕替尼转化治疗病例。合并腹膜转移或卵巢转移组,予以阿帕替尼+紫杉醇+S1方案(紫杉醇:50 mg/m^2iv,20 mg/m^2ip,d1,d8,q3w;S1:60 mg,bid,d1~d14;阿帕替尼:500 mg,qd),非腹膜转移或卵巢转移组,予以阿帕替尼+SOX方案化疗(奥沙利铂130 mg/m^2;S1:60 mg,bid,d1~d14;阿帕替尼:500 mg,qd),经多学科联合会诊(multiple disciplinary team,MDT)后评估为可根治手术的患者停用1个周期阿帕替尼后行手术治疗。结果:经转化治疗后,33例患者中部分缓解(partial response,PR)21例,疾病进展(progressive disease,PD)8例,客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR)为75.7%。22例患者转化后行手术治疗,R0手术切除率63.6%,术中清扫淋巴结(57.0±15.6)枚,手术时间(212.0±44.8)min,术中出血(164±46)mL,术后住院时间(13.0±2.7)d。手术组中位无进展生存期(median progression free survival,mPFS)为10.5个月,中位总生存期(median overall survival,mOS)为16.5个月,未手术组mPFS为2.5个月,mOS为5.5个月。结论:晚期胃癌转化治疗中联合抗血管生成药物阿帕替尼可以获得较高的R0切除率,且安全可靠。

作为公共领导新趋势的公共价值领导:一个文献述评

作为公共领导理论的新发展,公共价值领导近年来被学者提出,对公共价值领导相关研究成果的系统梳理有助于学者和实践者认识和理解这一新兴概念范畴。论文采用文献分析与规范理论研究相结合的方法,从关注焦点、结构特征和激励逻辑三个方面述评了现有公共领导研究,指出伴随着公共行政的发展,公共领导理论不仅要关注领导行为的有效性,也要关注公共领导价值目标的实现。面对具有高度复杂性和价值冲突的“棘手问题”,在公共价值管理范式下研究领导问题成为新思潮。论文在新范式下梳理了公共领导研究,认为公共价值领导是多元主体的社会价值建构过程,其重视回应公民的诉求,具有情境适应性,最终目的是创造公共价值。论文阐释了公共价值领导的理论意义,并提出了公共价值领导未来还需要回答的几个重要研究问题,包括公共价值领导的内容特征以及其对以往公共领导模式的超越、公共价值领导的测量工具开发和中国情境下的公共价值领导理论构建等。

Physiological levels of ATP negatively regulate proteasome function

由 ubiquitin-proteasome 系统的细胞内部的蛋白质降级是 ATP 依赖者，和最佳的 ATP 集中激活 proteasome 在 vitro 的功能是 ~ 100 渭 M。细胞内部的 ATP 层次在在这个范围以内的水平通常在低 millimolar 范围，而是 ATP 被显示在 vitro 禁止 proteasome peptidase 活动。这里，我们报导支持在生理的层次的细胞内部的 ATP 双向地调整的一个假设的新证据 26S proteasome 在房间的解朊的功能。首先，我们证实 ATP 在 vitro 在 26S proteasome 上施加了双向规定，与最佳的 ATP 集中(在 50 和 100 渭 M 之间) 刺激 proteasome 像糜蛋白酶的活动。第二，我们发现操作细胞内部的 ATP 层次也在有教养的房间在 proteasome 特定的蛋白质底层的层次导致了双向变化。最后，测量增加提高的细胞内部的 ATP，当减少的细胞内部的 ATP 稀释了导致房间死亡的 proteasome 抑制的能力时。这些数据强烈建议在生理的集中范围以内的内长的 ATP 能在 proteasome 活动施加否定影响，允许房间到很快，在应力下面的 ATP 减小上的 upregulate proteasome 活动调节。

727例胃癌根治术标本淋巴结精细分拣的临床价值探讨

目的:探讨胃癌根治术标本中淋巴结精细分拣的临床应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年12月就诊于天津医科大学肿瘤医院实施胃癌根治术的727例胃癌患者临床病理资料,按照手术切除标本中淋巴结分拣方式分为精细淋巴结分拣组和区域淋巴结分拣组,分析两组患者送检淋巴结数目、转移淋巴结数目的差异并进行相关性分析比较。结果:两组患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小等因素间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组之间具有可比性。精细淋巴结分拣组患者淋巴结送检数目明显多于区域淋巴结分拣组(P<0.001)。在T分期、N分期以及TNM分期相同的情况下,精细淋巴结分拣组送检淋巴结数目显著多于区域淋巴结分拣组(P<0.001);精细淋巴结分拣组淋巴结转移数目也显著多于区域淋巴结分拣组(P<0.001)。此外,两组患者送检淋巴结数目与转移淋巴结数目均呈正相关,差异具有统计学意义(精细淋巴结分拣组r=0.181,P=0.023;区域淋巴结分拣组r=0.227,P<0.001),且精细淋巴结分拣组患者的送检淋巴结数目与转移淋巴结数目之间相关性弱于区域淋巴结分拣组患者。结论:胃癌根治术后精细淋巴结分拣可以提高送检淋巴结数目,提供精确的术后淋巴结分期,减少分期迁移,可以在临床上规范性推广。

Developing individual tree-based models for estimating aboveground biomass of five key coniferous species in China

Estimating individual tree biomass is critical to forest carbon accounting and ecosystem service modeling.In this study,we developed one-（tree diameter only） and two-variable（tree diameter and height） biomass equations,biomass conversion factor（BCF） models,and an integrated simultaneous equation system（ISES） to estimate the aboveground biomass for five conifer species in China,i.e.,Cunninghamia lanceolata（Lamb.） Hook.,Pinus massoniana Lamb.,P.yunnanensis Faranch,P.tabulaeformis Carr.and P.elliottii Engelm.,based on the field measurement data of aboveground biomass and stem volumes from 1055 destructive sample trees across the country.We found that all three methods,including the one-and two-variable equations,could adequately estimate aboveground biomass with a mean prediction error less than 5%,except for Pinus yunnanensis which yielded an error of about 6%.The BCF method was slightly poorer than the biomass equation and the ISES methods.The average coefficients of determination（R^2） were 0.944,0.938 and 0.943 and the mean prediction errors were 4.26,4.49 and 4.29% for the biomass equation method,the BCF method and the ISES method,respectively.The ISES method was the best approach for estimating aboveground biomass,which not only had high accuracy but also could estimate stocking volumes simultaneously that was compatible with aboveground biomass.In addition,we found that it is possible to develop a species-invariant one-variable allometric model for estimating aboveground biomass of all the five coniferous species.The model had an exponent parameter of 7/3 and the intercept parameter a_0 could be estimated indirectly from stem basic density（a_0= 0.294 q）.

Inositol-requiring enzyme 1α is required for gut development in Xenopus lavies embryos

AIM:To investigate the role of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α(IRE1α) in gut development of Xenopus lavies embryos.METHODS:Xenopus embryos were obtained with in vitro fertilization and cultured in 0.1 × MBSH.One and half nanogram of IRE1α,1 ng of IRE1α-GR mRNA,1 ng of IRE1αΔC-GR mRNA,and 50 ng of IRE1α morpholino oligonucleotide(MO) or XBP1(C)MO were injected into four blastomeres at 4-cell stage for scoring the phenotype and marker gene analysis.To rescue the effect of IRE1α MO,1 ng of IRE1α-GR mRNA was coinjected with 50 ng of MO.For the activation of the GR-fusion proteins,dexamethasone was prepared as 5 mmol/L stock solutions in 100% ethanol and applied to the mRNA injected embryos at desired stages in a concentration of 10 μmol/L in 0.1 × MBSH.Embryos were kept in dexamethasone up to stage 41.Whole-mount in situ hybridization was used to determine specific gene expression,such as IRE1α,IRE1β,Xbra and Xsox17α.IRE1α protein expression during Xenopus embryogenesis was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:In the whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis,xenopus IRE1α and IRE1β showed quite different expression pattern during tadpole stage.The relatively higher expression of IRE1α was observed in the pancreas,and significant transcription of IRE1β was found in the liver.IRE1α protein could be detected at all developmental stages analyzed,from stage 1 to stage 42.Gain-of-function assay showed that IRE1α mRNA injected embryos at tailbud stage were nearly normal and the expression of the pan-mesodermal marker gene Xbra and the endodermal gene Xsox17α at stage 10.5 was not significantly changed in embryos injected with IRE1α mRNA as compared to uninjected control embryos.And at tadpole stage,the embryos injected with IRE1α-GR mRNA did not display overt phenotype,such as gut-coiling defect.Loss-of-function assay demonstrated that the IRE1α MO injected embryos were morphologically normal before the tailbud stages.We did not observe a significant change of mesodermal and endodermal marker gene expression,while after stage 40,about 80% of the MO injected embryos exhibited dramatic gut defects in which the guts did not coil,but other structures outside the gastrointestinal tract were relatively normal.To test if the phenotypes were specifically caused by the knockdown of IRE1α,a rescue experiment was performed by co-injection of IRE1α-GR mRMA with IRE1α MO.The data obtained demonstrated that the gut coiling defect was rescued.The deletion mutant of IRE1α was constructed,consisting of the N-terminal part without the C-terminal kinase and RNase domains named IRE1αΔC,to investigate the functional domain of IRE1α.Injection of IRE1αΔCGR mRNA caused similar morphological alterations with gut malformation by interfering with the function of endogenous xIRE1α.In order to investigate if IRE1α/XBP1 pathway was involved in gut development,50 ng of XBP1 MO was injected and the results showed that knockdown of XBP1 resulted in similar morphological alterations with gut-coiling defect at tadpole stage.CONCLUSION:IRE1α is not required for germ layer formation but for gut development in Xenopus lavies and it may function via XBP1-dependent pathway.

Cross-classes domain inference with network sampling for natural resource inventory

There are two distinct types of domains,design-and cross-classes domains,with the former extensively studied under the topic of small-area estimation.In natural resource inventory,however,most classes listed in the condition tables of national inventory programs are characterized as cross-classes domains,such as vegetation type,productivity class,and age class.To date,challenges remain active for inventorying cross-classes domains because these domains are usually of unknown sampling frame and spatial distribution with the result that inference relies on population-level as opposed to domain-level sampling.Multiple challenges are noteworthy:(1)efficient sampling strategies are difficult to develop because of little priori information about the target domain;(2)domain inference relies on a sample designed for the population,so within-domain sample sizes could be too small to support a precise estimation;and(3)increasing sample size for the population does not ensure an increase to the domain,so actual sample size for a target domain remains highly uncertain,particularly for small domains.In this paper,we introduce a design-based generalized systematic adaptive cluster sampling(GSACS)for inventorying cross-classes domains.Design-unbiased Hansen-Hurwitz and Horvitz-Thompson estimators are derived for domain totals and compared within GSACS and with systematic sampling(SYS).Comprehensive Monte Carlo simulations show that(1)GSACS Hansen-Hurwitz and Horvitz-Thompson estimators are unbiased and equally efficient,whereas thelatter outperforms the former for supporting a sample of size one;(2)SYS is a special case of GSACS while the latter outperforms the former in terms of increased efficiency and reduced intensity;(3)GSACS Horvitz-Thompson variance estimator is design-unbiased for a single SYS sample;and(4)rules-ofthumb summarized with respect to sampling design and spatial effect improve precision.Because inventorying a mini domain is analogous to inventorying a rare variable,alternative network sampling procedures are also readily available for inventorying cross-classes domains.

Effects of Soil Improver on Wheat in Saline-Alkali Lands in the Yellow River Delta

Field experiment carried out to test the effects of soil improver on wheat yield and soil physical-chemical properties. The results indicated that soil improver could optimize soil aggregates structure, decrease soil bulk density, soil pH and soil salt content, increase soil organic matter and 1 000-grain weight, thereby enhancing wheat yield. With the increase of soil improver application amount, soil physical-chemical properties became better and wheat yield increased. However, there was no significant difference in the treatments with the application amounts of 3%, 4% and 5%. In addition, the treatment of reducing nitrogen showed no superiority in soil physical-chemical properties and wheat yield, indicating that sufficient nitrogen was essential for the growth of wheat.

Analysis of Abnormal Vehicle Behavior Based on Trajectory Fitting

In order to analysis the abnormal vehicle behavior by trajectory fitting effectively, the whole process is divided into three steps: target detection and tracking, vehicle trajectory analysis, vehicle behavior detection. Firstly, a three-frame-differencing method is used to achieve initial target location and an improved tracking algorithm based on Kalman predictor is proposed;then, an adaptive segmented linear fitting algorithm is proposed to achieve vehicle trajectory fitting;finally, two parameters including the rate of velocity variation and the rate of direction variation are used to establish vehicle abnormal behavior detection model. Experiment result shows that the three high dangerous vehicle behaviors in road surveillance videos can be detected effectively: sharp brake, sharp turn, and sharp turn brake.

The Research of Carbon Emission and Carbon Sequestration Potential of Forest Vegetation in China

The study of China s carbon emissions and carbon sequestration potential is of great practical significance to the formulation of carbon neutrality strategies and methods of China.Carbon emission is an inevitable outcome of the initial stage of economic development,especially the right of developing countries existence and development.The carbon emission of China has been maintained at a low level for a long time and reached the top of the world in 2005.However,per capita carbon emission was still only 46.28%of the United States in 2016.China s total CO_(2) emissions are expected to reach 17-19 Gt/a by 2030.To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in 2060,the main problems are the low technical capacity of emission reduction and the unreasonable structure of energy consumption.Therefore,replacing coal with gas is one of the most effective ways of emission reduction.By 2060,the carbon sequestration capacity of forest vegetation will reach or exceed 759.14 Mt/a and the CO_(2) sequestration capacity will reach 2783.5 Mt/a.According to that,China s carbon intensity must reduce by 95.39%on the basis of the carbon intensity in 2017,reaching 640 t/100 million yuan.The carbon sequestration capacity of terrestrial vegetation(forest,grassland)will reach or exceed 1380.3 Mt/a and the CO_(2) sequestration capacity will reach 5069.3 Mt/a.According to that,China s carbon intensity must reduce by 91.07%on the basis of the carbon intensity in 2017,reach 1152 t C per 100 million yuan.

Recent progress on rapid diagnosis of COVID-19 by point-of-care testing platforms

The outbreak of COVID-19 has drawn great attention around the world.SARS-CoV-2 is a highly infectious virus with occult transmission by many mutations and a long incubation period.In particular,the emergence of asymptomatic infections has made the epidemic even more severe.Therefore,early diagnosis and timely management of suspected cases are essential measures to control the spread of the virus.Developing simple,portable,and accurate diagnostic techniques for SARS-CoV-2 is the key to epidemic prevention.The advantages of point-of-care testing technology make it play an increasingly important role in viral detection and screening.This review summarizes the point-of-care testing platforms developed by nucleic acid detection,immunological detection,and nanomaterial-based biosensors detection.Furthermore,this paper provides a prospect for designing future highly accurate,cheap,and convenient SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic technology.