Diphylleia Grayi-Inspired Intelligent Temperature-Responsive Transparent Nanofiber Membranes

Nanofiber membranes(NFMs) have become attractive candidates for next-generation flexible transparent materials due to their exceptional flexibility and breathability. However, improving the transmittance of NFMs is a great challenge due to the enormous reflection and incredibly poor transmission generated by the nanofiber-air interface. In this research, we report a general strategy for the preparation of flexible temperature-responsive transparent(TRT) membranes,which achieves a rapid transformation of NFMs from opaque to highly transparent under a narrow temperature window. In this process, the phase change material eicosane is coated on the surface of the polyurethane nanofibers by electrospray technology. When the temperature rises to 37 ℃, eicosane rapidly completes the phase transition and establishes the light transmission path between the nanofibers, preventing light loss from reflection at the nanofiber-air interface. The resulting TRT membrane exhibits high transmittance(> 90%), and fast response(5 s). This study achieves the first TRT transition of NFMs, offering a general strategy for building highly transparent nanofiber materials, shaping the future of next-generation intelligent temperature monitoring, anti-counterfeiting measures, and other high-performance devices.

Are cities greener because of innovation?Independent innovation policy and green economic efficiency

The national independent innovation demonstration zone(NIIDZ)is an independent innovation policy that plays a crucial role in implementing strategies.Given the importance of the NIIDZ,this study uses panel data of 278 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2020 and empirically examines the effect and internal mechanism of the NIIDZ on green economic efficiency(GEE)using the difference-in-difference model(DID).The results show that the NIIDZ effectively enhances the growth of GEE,and the results remain valid through several robustness tests,such as year-by-year propensity score matching.The transmission mechanism suggests that the NIIDZ indirectly drives GEE by accelerating scientific and technological investment,promoting talent concentration,and optimizing the industrial structure.Moreover,heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promotion effect of the NIIDZ on GEE is more prominent in the eastern region and high green development level areas.The study’s findings can serve as a reference for China to further utilize the policy effectiveness of the NIIDZ and accelerate the high-quality development of the green economy in the future.

miR-30a-5p/PHTF2 axis regulates the tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma

Background:Lung adenocarcinoma is a very pervasive histological form of lung cancers,and inhibiting metastasis is crucial for effective treatment.In this investigation,we explored the functional interaction of miR-30a-5p and the putative transcription factor 2 of the homeodomain(PHTF2)in dictating the aggressiveness and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.Method:We collected clinical samples to evaluate the expression patterns of miR-30a-5p and PHTF2 in lung adenocarcinoma along with normal tissues.Cellular experiments including cell count kit(CCK)-8 growth assay,apoptosis analysis,migration and invasion examinations were performed to assess the aggressiveness of lung adenocarcinoma cells.Furthermore,we examined tumorigenesis and metastasis in a nude mouse model.Results:MiR-30a-5p exhibited downregulation pattern in lung adenocarcinoma samples.Transfection of miR-30a-5p mimic in lung adenocarcinoma cells resulted in the suppression of malignant characteristics.Notably,the administration of miR-30a-5p mimic also curbed tumorigenesis and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells in animal model.Moreover,PHTF2 was found to be a molecular target of miR-30a-5p.Upregulating PHTF2 counteracted the tumor-suppressive effect of the miR-30a-5p mimic.Conclusion:miR-30a-5p functions as a tumor-suppressive molecule while PHTF2 acts as an oncogenic factor in the development and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.Therefore,targeting miR-30a-5p and PHTF2 could be developed into a promising therapeutic approach for inhibiting metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Incorporating the magnetic alignment of GO composites into Pebax matrix for gas separation

The mixed matrix membranes(MMMs) were developed by incorporating graphite oxide(GO) flakes functionalized with iron oxide(Fe_3O_4) into Pebax matrix. The Pebax/Fe_3O_4–GO MMMs were used to separate CO_2/CH_4 and CO_2/N_2 gas mixture. The results showed that the MMMs with magnetic alignment presented the better gas separation performance than that of random arrangement of Pebax/Fe_3O_4–GO mixed matrix membranes. The reason was that the Fe_3O_4–GO flakes arranged magnetically in the membrane played a multiple role in improving the performance of MMMs. Firstly, under the action of the magnetic field,the magnetic alignment of Fe_3O_4–GO flakes in Pebax matrix constructed the shorter transfer path for gas molecule, increasing the CO_2 permeability. Secondly, the hydroxyl groups in GO flakes and the presence of Fe_3O_4 have stronger binding force for water, improving the CO_2 solubility selectivity. Thirdly, the better interaction between the magnetic alignment of GO composites and polymer matrix, reduced the interface defects. Especially, the optimum gas separation performance was obtained at the Fe_3O_4–GO flakes content of 3 wt% in Pebax matrix at vertical arrangement with selectivity of 47 and 75 for CO_2/CH_4 and CO_2/N_2, respectively, and CO_2 permeability of 538 Barrer at 0.2 MPa and room temperature.

A new electromagnetic probe array diagnostic for analyzing electrostatic and magnetic fluctuations in EAST plasmas

A novel electromagnetic probe array(EMPA) diagnostic, which consists of a magnetic probe array and an electrostatic probe array, has recently been developed on EAST. The EMPA is fixed near the first wall at horizontal port P. The magnetic probe array of the EMPA consists of 24 identical magnetic probes, each of them capable of measuring toroidal, poloidal and radial magnetic fluctuations simultaneously, providing additional toroidal magnetic fluctuation measurements compared with the regular magnetic probes on EAST. With a higher sampling rate and self-resonant frequency, the EMPA magnetic probes can provide higher frequency magnetic fluctuation measurements. The magnetic probe array of the EMPA is composed of two parallel layers of magnetic probes with a radial distance of 63 mm, and each layer of magnetic probes is arranged in four poloidal rows and three toroidal columns. The compact arrangement of the EMPA magnetic probe array largely improves the toroidal mode number measurement ability from-8≤ n≤ 8 to-112≤ n≤ 112, and also improves the high poloidal wave number measurement ability of magnetic fluctuations compared with the regular high frequency magnetic probes on EAST. The electrostatic probe array of the EMPA consists of two sets of four-tip probes and a single-tip probe array with three poloidal rows and four toroidal columns. It complements the electrostatic parameter measurements behind the main limiter and near the first wall in EAST. The engineering details of the EMPA diagnostic, including the mechanical system, the electrical system, the acquisition and control system, and the effective area calibration, are presented. The preliminary applications of the EMPA in L-mode and H-mode discharges on EAST have demonstrated that the EMPA works well for providing information on the magnetic and electrostatic fluctuations and can contribute to deeper physical analysis in future EAST experiments.

凝血因子Ⅲ在非小细胞肺癌高凝状态患者外周血中的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究凝血因子Ⅲ在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)高凝状态患者外周血中的表达水平,并探讨其表达水平与临床病理特征和生存期的关系。方法:选取2013年1月至2014年10月云南省肿瘤医院病理和生化检测证实为NSCLC高凝状态患者74例,NSCLC无高凝状态患者42例作为研究对象,酶联免疫法检测血清凝血因子Ⅲ的表达水平,分析其与NSCLC临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果:化疗前NSCLC高凝状态患者血清凝血因子Ⅲ为(560.32~200.34)ng/L,显著高于无高凝状态患者(463.29~159.22)ng/L的表达水平(P=0.008),且显著高于化疗后凝血因子Ⅲ(471.39±160.31)ng/L的血清表达水平(P<0.001);凝血因子Ⅲ在NSCLC高凝状态患者血清中的表达水平与淋巴结转移(P=0.026)、远端转移(P=0.025)和TNM分期(P=0.007)有关,且与凝血酶原时间(PT)(r=-0.638,P=0.032)、活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)(r=-0.702,P=0.028)呈负相关,与纤维蛋白原(FIB)(r=0.715,P=0.008)、血小板(PLT)(r=0.597,P=0.007)呈正相关;凝血因子Ⅲ高表达水平的NSCLC高凝状态患者1~3年总生存期显著低于低表达患者(P<0.05)。结论:NSCLC高凝状态患者血清凝血因子Ⅲ表达水平与淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关,对患者生存期具有预测的指导意义。

2010年至2014年浙江省肿瘤登记地区肺癌发病和死亡情况分析

目的:分析2010年1月至2014年12月浙江省肿瘤登记肺癌数据,对居民肺癌发病和死亡流行状况进行分析,为政府及卫生行政部门制订肿瘤防治策略提供参考依据。方法:根据浙江省14个肿瘤随访登记项目点报告的肿瘤登记资料,分别根据城乡、性别和年龄别计算肺癌发病率和死亡率,2000年全国人口普查和Segi's标准人口结构计算标化率,以及0～74岁累积率、35～64岁截缩率等指标。结果:2010年1月至2014年12月浙江省肿瘤登记地区共报告气管、支气管、肺部恶性肿瘤(简称肺癌,ICD10编码为C33-C34)新发病例数为37 227例,占全部癌症发病的18.85%,肺癌发病率为63.55/10万,中标率为35.73/10万,世标率为35.54/10万,0～74岁累积率为4.44%。其中男性新发病例数为25 608例,女性为11 619例;男性中标率为女性的2.26倍,农村中标率为城市的1.12倍。报告因肺癌死亡病例数为31 772例,占全部癌症死亡的29.22%,死亡率为54.24/10万,中标率29.39/10万,世标率29.05/10万,0～74岁累积率为3.48%。其中男性肺癌死亡病例数为22 796例,女性为8 976例;男性中标率为女性的2.70倍,农村中标率为城市的1.05倍。肺癌年龄别发病率和死亡率在40岁之前处于较低水平,40岁以后快速上升。发病率、死亡率在城市和农村地区均于80岁组达到高峰,男性高于女性。城市和农村地区年龄别发病率和死亡率的水平虽然有一定的波动,但总体趋势类同。结论:肺癌是浙江省最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病和死亡均位于恶性肿瘤首位,疾病负担较高,应作为肿瘤防治工作的重点之一。

Gastrointestinal digestive fate of whey protein isolate coated liposomes loading astaxanthin:Lipolysis,release,and bioaccessibility

Whey protein isolate coated astaxanthin-loaded liposomes were prepared in this work.The gastrointestinal digestive fate of whey protein isolate coated astaxanthin-loaded liposomes was evaluated in terms of particle size,size distribution,zeta potential,and morphology during in vitro digestion as a function of time.Analysis on the particle size and morphology of whey protein isolate coated astaxanthin-loaded liposomes showed that the majority of particles maintained spherical shape with a progressive increase of particle size after passage through the digestion.The zeta potential on whey protein isolate coated astaxanthin-loaded liposomes became highly negative after digestion.As compared in uncoated liposomes,the astaxanthin release in whey protein isolate coated liposomes was slower in simulated gastric fluid digestion,while was faster in simulated intestinal fluid digestion.Through in vitro digestion,the bioaccessibility of astaxanthin was improved significantly after whey protein isolate coating.It was also found that the whey protein isolate coating could protect liposomes against destruction and suppress the lateral mobility of pyrene,resulting in lower micropolarity and fluidity of liposomal membrane during the digestion.These findings may guide the potential application of whey protein isolate coated liposomes for improving the bioaccessibility and stability of astaxanthin in nutraceuticals and pharmaceutics.

Liver X receptorβis required for the survival of single-positive thymocytes by regulating IL-7Rαexpression

Liver X receptors(LXRs)are known as key transcription factors in lipid metabolism and have been reported to play an important role in T-cell proliferation.However,whether LXRs play a role in thymocyte development remains largely unknown.Here,we demonstrated that LXRβdeficiency caused a reduction in single-positive(SP)thymocytes,whereas the transitions from the double-negative to SP stage were normal.Meanwhile,LXRβ-null SP thymocytes exhibited increased apoptosis and impairment of the IL-7Rα-Bcl2 axis.In addition,the LXR agonist T0901317 promoted the survival of SP thymocytes with enhanced IL-7Rαexpression in wild-type mice but not in LXRβ-deficient mice.Mechanistically,LXRβpositively regulated the expression of IL-7Rαvia direct binding to the Il7r allele in SP thymocytes,and forced expression of IL-7Rαor Bcl2 restored the survival of LXRβ-defective SP thymocytes.Thus,our results indicate that LXRβfunctions as an important transcription factor upstream of IL-7Rαto promote the survival of SP thymocytes.

One-step and wash-free multiplexed immunoassay platform based on bioinspired photonic barcodes

Multiplex,rapid and accurate virus quantification plays a great value in biomedical detection.Here,a novel one step,wash-free immunoassay platform based bioinspired PhC barcodes for multiplexed virus quantification was explored.PhC barcodes were decorated with PDA by self-polymerization of DA,thus this nanocomposite hybridized PhC barcodes facilitated the adsorption of FITC labelled antibodies and quenched itself photolumines-cent,allowing a fast responsive composite platform.In the presence of target analyte,the FITC-labelled detection antibody was released from the surface of PDA decorated microcarrier to specifically bind to the target ana-lyte,thus recovered the photoluminescence.In addition,the PhC microcarrier was enabled to carry out various color barcode for different targets detection though tuning internal periodic structures.Based on these excellent performances of the nanocomposite barcode,this method can not only capture H1N1,H5N1,SARS-CoV-2 si-multaneously with rapid,accuracy but also accomplish multiplex quantification detection with high-sensitivity.Furthermore,our developed platform was also achieved with high-sensitivity and high-specificity through the verification of clinical samples,thus laying out a new avenue for multiplex virus detection in clinical diagnosis.

Prognostic nomogram incorporating radiological features for predicting overall survival in patients with AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Background: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AR-NHL) is a high-risk factor for morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS. This study aimed to determine the prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) and to develop a prognostic nomogram incorporating computed tomography imaging features in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AR-NHL).Methods: A total of 121 AR-NHL patients between July 2012 and November 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical and radiological independent predictors of OS were confirmed using multivariable Cox analysis. A prognostic nomogram was constructed based on the above clinical and radiological factors and then provided optimum accuracy in predicting OS. The predictive accuracy of the nomogram was determined by Harrell C-statistic. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to determine median OS. The prognostic value of adjuvant therapy was evaluated in different subgroups.Results: In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, involvement of mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes, liver, necrosis in the lesions, the treatment with chemotherapy, and the CD4 ≤100 cells/μL were independent risk factors for poor OS (allP < 0.050). The predictive nomogram based on Cox regression has good discrimination (Harrell C-index = 0.716) and good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow test,P = 0.620) in high- and low-risk groups. Only patients in the high-risk group who received adjuvant chemotherapy had a significantly better survival outcome.Conclusion: A survival-predicting nomogram was developed in this study, which was effective in assessing the survival outcomes of patients with AR-NHL. Notably, decision-making of chemotherapy regimens and more frequent follow-up should be considered in the high-risk group determined by this model.

Structure and mechanism of plant histone mark readers

In eukaryotes, epigenetic-based mechanisms are involved in almost all the important biological processes. Amongst different epigenetic regulation pathways, the dynamic covalent modifications on histones are the most extensively investigated and characterized types. The covalent modifications on histone can be "read" by specific protein domains and then subsequently trigger downstream signaling events. Plants generally possess epigenetic regulation systems similar to animals and fungi, but also exhibit some plant-specific features. Similar to animals and fungi, plants require distinct protein domains to specifically"read" modified histones in both modification-specific and sequence-specific manners. In this review, we will focus on recent progress of the structural studies on the recognition of the epigenetic marks on histones by plant reader proteins, and further summarize the general and exceptional features of plant histone mark readers.

Mixed matrix membrane containing metal oxide nanosheets for efficient CO_(2)separation

The two-dimensional(2D)nanosheet zinc cobaltate(ZnCo_(2)O_(4))was added into polyether block amide(Pebax)matrix to prepare mixing matrix membrane(MMM)for separating carbon dioxide(CO_(2))/methane(CH4)gas mixture.The 2D porous ZnCo_(2)O_(4)nanosheets were composed of chemically interconnected metal oxide nanoparticles.The ZnCo_(2)O_(4)nanoparticles in the nanosheets constructed large-quantity pores of 11.78 nm and provided abundant transfer channels for gas molecule.Moreover,the synergistic effect of bimetallic Zn^(2+)and Co^(2+)would promote the generation of oxygen vacancies(Oδ-),which could provide more CO_(2)(Cδ+)adsorption sites,thereby increased the selectivity of the membrane.The large aspect ratio of the ultra-thin ZnCo_(2)O_(4)nanosheets showed better dispersion in the membrane.The pure gas separation performance data showed the CO_(2)permeability and CO_(2)/CH4 selectivity of Pebax/ZnCo_(2)O_(4)membrane were 139.10 Barrer and 15.38,respectively,when the filling amount was 0.5 wt%.Compared with pure Pebax membrane,the separation performance(permeability and selectivity)were increased with 165.67%and 75.57%,respectively.