Clinical features of 5 cases of allergic granulomatous vasculitis

Objective:allergic granulomatous vas-culitis is relatively rare in clinic.We aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of allergic granulomatous vasculi-tis.Methods:collecting allergic granulomatous vasculitis patients in Taihe Hospital from January 2017 to June 2020,sorting out their general information,system involvement and clinical examination results,and analyzing their clini-cal characteristics.Results:a total of 5 patients diagnosed with allergic granulomatous vasculitis were collected,all with multiple organ involvement,including the skin,re-spiratory system,circulatory system,digestive system,urinary system,and nervous system.Respiratory system involvement was mainly due to decreased lung function;60%manifested as obstructive ventilatory dysfunction.Lung biopsy showed a large amount of eosinophil infil-tration in the interstitium of the alveolar septum,and eo-sinophil and fibrin-like exudation in the alveolar cavity.The circulatory system was mainly affected by myocardi-al damage,and patient two(P2)had pericardial effusion.60%of nervous system involvement was central nervous system involvement,and 40%was peripheral nerve in-volvement.Skin system involvement accounted for 60%.Urinary system involvement was mainly manifested as hematuria and proteinuria.Digestive system involvement was mainly manifested as gastritis,gastric ulcer and other diseases.Conclusion:allergic granulomatous vasculitis is clinically rare.The clinical manifestations are atypical and often involve damage to multiple systems.Clinicians need to fully understand the characteristics of the disease and make comprehensive judgments based on the onset process and examination results to avoid misdiagnosis.

Scutellarin prevents acute alcohol-induced liver injury via inhibiting oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting inflammation by regulating the AKT,p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathways

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is the most frequent liver disease worldwide,resulting in severe harm to personal health and posing a serious burden to public health.Based on the reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities of scutellarin(SCU),this study investigated its protective role in male BALB/c mice with acute alcoholic liver injury after oral administration(10,25,and 50 mg/kg).The results indicated that SCU could lessen serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels and improve the histopathological changes in acute alcoholic liver;it reduced alcohol-induced malondialdehyde(MDA)content and increased glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.Furthermore,SCU decreased tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),and IL-1βmessenger RNA(mRNA)expression levels,weakened inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)activity,and inhibited nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation.Mechanistically,SCU suppressed cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E member 1(CYP2E1)upregulation triggered by alcohol,increased the expression of oxidative stress-related nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)pathways,and suppressed the inflammation-related degradation of inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)-α(IκBα)as well as activation of NF-κB by mediating the protein kinase B(AKT)and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)pathways.These findings demonstrate that SCU protects against acute alcoholic liver injury via inhibiting oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and suppressing inflammation by regulating the AKT,p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathways.

Tyrosine promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in pansy(Viola×wittrockiana)by inducing ABA synthesis

Viola×wittrockiana(pansy)is an important ornamental plant,particularly during winter and spring.In previous studies,we found that the tyrosine decarboxylase gene of pansy(VwTYDC)was expressed differently in blotched and non-blotched areas of pansy petals,suggesting that tyrosine may have a role in anthocyanin biosynthesis.In this study,we found that virus-induced gene silencing of VwTYDC caused an accumulation of pink pigmentation in pansy petals.Likewise,exogenous tyrosine treatment(TYRT)induced the formation of black stripes in nonblotched petal areas.Metabolome analysis indicated that the contents of two anthocyanins,cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside,increased significantly in the TYRT areas.RT-qPCR results revealed that the anthocyanin-related genes VwHCT,VwC3′H,VwCHS,and VwUGT were upregulated in the same areas.Transcriptome analysis revealed that four genes involved in the abscisic acid(ABA)biosynthesis pathway(VwNCED,VwABA2,VwAAO3,and VwCYP707A)were significantly upregulated in the same TYRT areas.ABA content was measured by ESI-HPLCMS/MS,and ABA content was significantly higher in TYRT areas than in control areas.In addition,when exogenous ABA was spread onto nonblotched petal areas,anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were upregulated just as with tyrosine.Thus,transcriptome and metabolite analyses revealed a possible novel regulatory network for anthocyanin biosynthesis in which tyrosine induces ABA synthesis and ABA then promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in pansy petals.

2D/2D hierarchical Co_(3)O_(4)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)heterojunction with robust builtin electric field for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Because of its importance in enhancing charge separation and transfer,built-in electric field engineering has been acknowledged as an effective technique for improving photocatalytic performance.Herein,a stable p–n heterojunction of 2D/2D(2D:twodimensional)Co_(3)O_(4)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)with a strong built-in electric field is precisely constructed.The Co_(3)O_(4)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)heterojunction exhibits a higher visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen(H2)evolution rate than the individual components,which is primarily attributed to the synergy effect of improved light absorption,abundant active sites,short charge transport distance,high separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers.Furthermore,the photoelectrochemical studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculation results demonstrate that the enhanced interfacial charge separation and migration induced by the generated built-in electric field are the critical reasons for the boosted photocatalytic performance.This research might pave the way for the rational design and manufacturing of 2D/2D heterojunction photocatalysts with extremely efficient photocatalytic performance for solar energy conversion.

One-step,in situ formation of WN-W_(2)C heterojunctions implanted on N doped carbon nanorods as efficient oxygen reduction catalyst for metal-air battery

Transition metal nitrides and carbides have attracted intensive attentions in metal-air battery application due to their metallic electron transport behavior and high chemical stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Herein,the polyoxometalate@polyaniline composite derived WN-W_(2)C heterostructured composite(WN-W_(2)C@pDC)has been fabricated through an in situ nitriding-carbonization strategy,with WN-W_(2)C nanoparticles implanted on N doped carbon nanorods.Asfabricated WN-W_(2)C@pDC demonstrates prominent electrocatalytic performance towards ORR and excellent cycling stability in metal-air battery,which possesses positive half-wave potential and large diffusion limiting current density(0.81 V and 5.8 mA·cm^(-2)).Moreover,it demonstrates high peak power density of 157.4 mW·cm^(-2)as Al-air primary cathode and excellent stability at the discharge-charge test(>500 h)of Zn-air secondary battery.The excellent activity and durability of WNW_(2)C@pDC catalyst should be attributed to the combined effect of intimate WN-W_(2)C heterointerfaces,unique embedded nanoparticles structure,and excellent electrical media of N doped carbon,confirmed by a series of contrast experiments.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced mitochondrial dysfunction inhibits proinflammatory cytokine secretion and enhances cytotoxicity in mouse macrophages in a reactive oxygen species(ROS)-dependent way

Pseudomonas aeruginosa belongs to the genus Pseudomonas and is a common Gram-negative,exclusively aerobic,conditionally pathogenic bacterium with the characteristics of easy colonization,mutation,and multidrug resistance(Deng et al.,2015;Azam and Khan,2019;Jurado-Martin et al.,2021).

ccpA基因对蜡样芽胞杆菌氨肽酶生产的影响

【目的】构建蜡样芽胞杆菌(Bacillus cereus)ccp A缺失菌株,并初步探索ccp A基因对其碳代谢及氨肽酶生产的影响。【方法】利用温敏型质粒p KSV7构建蜡样芽胞杆菌CZ ccp A基因缺失突变株CZΔccp A,通过回补菌株对敲除株表型进行验证;不同碳源发酵对比菌株碳代谢的变化,进行氨肽酶发酵优化。【结果】成功构建ccp A缺失菌株CZΔccp A与回补菌株CZ1,三株菌在LB培养基中生长无差异;在柠檬酸钠以及甘露低聚糖为碳源时,菌株的代谢产生明显变化;以D-木糖为单一碳源时,氨肽酶的产量提高48.25%。【结论】CZ ccp A基因对柠檬酸钠、甘露低聚糖、D-木糖为单一碳源时的代谢可能具有调控作用,ccp A基因缺失可以提高蜡样芽胞杆菌CZ的氨肽酶产量。

澜沧江–湄公河中上游淡水鱼类多样性

澜沧江–湄公河是东南亚最大的河流,也是世界上淡水生物多样性最高的三大河流之一。由于特殊的地理位置和国际河流属性,澜沧江–湄公河淡水鱼类的多样性现状仍缺乏系统的认识。本文在近20年调查的基础上,系统整理了澜沧江–湄公河中上游32个支流或亚流域的淡水鱼类物种名录,在此基础上对其种类组成和分布进行了分析,并利用分类学多样性指数对澜沧江–湄公河中上游流域的物种多样性进行了评估。结果表明,澜沧江–湄公河中上游共记录了淡水鱼类745种,分属于2纲17目63科229属,其中鲤形目鱼类451种,占物种数的60.5%。分类学多样性指数显示,从源头到中游,淡水鱼类在分类阶元上的分布越来越均匀,亲缘关系越来越远,分类多样性越来越高。聚类分析(cluster analysis, CA)和多维尺度分析(multi-dimensional scaling, MDS)表明,当Jaccard相似性系数为8.69时,澜沧江–湄公河中上游32个亚流域可以分为源区、上游和中游3组;相似性分析(ANOSIM)结果显示,各组之间淡水鱼类组成差异显著(R=0.877, P=0.001)。相似性百分比分析(similarity percentage analysis, SIMPER)结果表明,导致3组差异性的鱼类主要是鲤形目和鲇形目鱼类,且随着地势阶梯的升高出现了科级、属级类群的替代。近几十年来,随着流域各国人口的增长和经济的快速发展,澜沧江–湄公河鱼类多样性和渔业资源面临严重威胁,未来需加强流域内国家间合作,在流域尺度上制定科学保护计划。

高速电流舵数模转换器减小时序失配的方法

随着电流舵数模转换器(digital-to-analog converter,DAC)工作频率的提高,即使是数百飞秒的时序失配也会严重恶化高性能DAC的动态性能.在这一类DAC中,锁存驱动器模块直接控制电流源的开关切换,其时序直接影响电流舵DAC输出模拟信号的码间过渡动态特性.电流舵DAC锁存驱动器时序失配的主要来源,包括时钟网络延时失配、开关驱动晶体管的梯度失配和随机失配.一方面,在传统时钟网络中,不同位置节点间的失配是时钟网络延时失配的重要来源;另一方面,增加开关驱动晶体管尺寸可减少随机失配造成的延时偏差,但增加梯度失配造成的延时偏差.为了减小锁存驱动器时序失配提升DAC动态性能,本文提出了一种通过改变时钟网络连接方式减小时钟延时失配的方法,以及一种综合考虑梯度失配与随机失配的联合设计方法.为了验证所提方法的有效性,在65 nm工艺下设计了一个14b精度的DAC,流片测试结果表明在1 GS/s采样率、430 MHz信号带宽内,实测的无杂散动态范围(spurious-free dynamic range,SFDR)大于70 dB.与相同工艺下设计但并未采用本文所提出的时序优化方法的DAC测试结果对比表明,本文提出的时序优化方法以功耗从106 mW提升到160 mW为代价,将SFDR大于70 dB的信号带宽从210 MHz提升到430 MHz.

Massage treatment of chronic persistent pediatric asthma

Objective:We observed the clinical effect of massage in treating chronic persistent pediatric asthma and the changes in expression of TLR1,TLR2,and TLR4 on macrophages.Methods:One hundred sixty pediatric patients with persistent chronic asthma were col-lected,and divided into treatment and control groups of 80 each in strict accordance with the principle of random allocation.The patients in the control group received general nebulizer therapy,and the patients in the treatment group received infantile massage.Both groups of patients were observed for 3 months with respect to the following indicators:the frequency of asthmatic attacks;the frequency of respiratory tract infections(RTIs);C-ACT rating;and the PEF%of peripheral blood(PB)before and after treatment to detect macrophage TLR1,TLR2,and TLR4.Results:After treatment,the frequency of asthmatic attacks,frequency of RTIs,C-ACT rat-ing,and the PEF%and macrophage TLR1,TLR2,and TLR4 expression of fluorescence intensity in the treatment group showed a statistically significant increase when compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Pediatric massage can improve the clinical symptoms of pediatric asthma by up-regulating the expression of macrophage TLR1,TLR2,and TLR4.

Rare variants in novel and known genes associated with primary angle closure glaucoma based on whole exome sequencing of 549 probands

Primary angle closure glaucoma(PACG)is one of the most common causes of irreversible blindness in Asia and about 80%of PACG are present in Asia(Song et al.,2017).Genetics plays an important role in the development of PACG(Gramer et al.,2014).Recently,eight common SNPs were found to be strongly associated with PACG(Vithana et al.,2012;Khor et al.,2016)and mutations in MYRF cause high hyperopia accompanied with PACG(Xiao et al.,2019).