Western countries have been witnessing a series of black swan events: Britain's referendum on its exit from the European Union (EU) in June 2016; the referendum on constitutional amendment in Italy last December a...Western countries have been witnessing a series of black swan events: Britain's referendum on its exit from the European Union (EU) in June 2016; the referendum on constitutional amendment in Italy last December and Donald Trump winning the 2016 presidential election in the United States. Behind these events are serious challenses faced by Western political parties, which are trapped in an endosenous crisis comprising three aspects.展开更多
文摘Western countries have been witnessing a series of black swan events: Britain's referendum on its exit from the European Union (EU) in June 2016; the referendum on constitutional amendment in Italy last December and Donald Trump winning the 2016 presidential election in the United States. Behind these events are serious challenses faced by Western political parties, which are trapped in an endosenous crisis comprising three aspects.