Selection of Surgical Approach and Clinical Significance of Lower Cervical Spine Injuries Guided by SLIC Scoring System

Objective: To explore the feasibility and clinical significance of surgical approach selection for cervical spine injury guided by SLIC scoring system. Methods: The clinical data of 75 patients with lower cervical injury surgery from January 2020 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 48 males and 27 females. Age: 28 - 65 years old. Causes of injury: 39 cases of traffic accidents, 15 cases of ice and snow sports, 12 cases of falling from high places, 9 cases of heavy objects. There were 12 cases of C3-4, 33 cases of C4-5, 21 cases of C5-6, and 9 cases of C6-7. Time from injury to medical treatment: 4 h - 2 d. Cervical spine X-ray, MRI, MDCT examination and preoperative SLIC score were performed on admission. Anterior approach was performed by subtotal cervical vertebrae resection or discectomy, titanium Cage or cage supported bone grafting and anterior titanium plate fixation. Posterior approach was performed with cervical laminoplasty, lateral mass or pedicle screw fixation and fusion. The combined anterior-posterior operation was performed by the anterior methods+ posterior methods. The time from injury to surgery is 12 h to 3 d. The function before and after operation was evaluated by JOA efficacy evaluation criteria. The correlation between the three surgical approaches and postoperative efficacy and SLIC score was compared. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: In this group of 75 patients, 32 cases of anterior operation, 22 cases of posterior operation and 21 cases of combined operation were followed up for no less than 12 months. There was no significant difference in age, gender, injury cause, injury segment, time from injury to treatment, and time from injury to operation among the three surgical approaches, which were comparable. The SLIC scores of mild, moderate and severe injuries of anterior surgery, posterior surgery and combined anterior and posterior surgery, They were (5.26 ± 1.24, 5.86 ± 1.67, 8.25 ± 0.21), (5.57 ± 1.43, 5.99 ± 1.85, 9.00 ± 0.25), (0, 5.98 ± 0.33, 9.44 ± 0.34), respectively. By comparing the SLIC scores and JOA scores of anterior surgery and posterior surgery, there was no difference in SLIC scores and JOA scores between the two groups for mild and moderate injuries (P > 0.05). However, the JOA scores at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after surgery were different from those before surgery, and the postoperative efficacy and JOA scores were significantly improved (P & lt;0.05), indicating that the two surgical methods had the same therapeutic effect, that is, anterior or posterior surgery could be used to treat mild or moderate injuries (P > 0.05). There were differences in SLIC scores among the three surgical approaches for severe injury (P 0.05). The postoperative efficacy and JOA score of combined anterior-posterior approach were significantly improved compared with those before operation (P Conclusion: SLIC score not only provides accurate judgment for conservative treatment or surgical treatment of cervical spine injury, but also provides evidence-based medical basis and reference value for the selection of surgical approach and surgical method. According to the SLIC score, the surgical approach is safe and feasible. When the SLIC score is 4 - 7, anterior surgery is selected for type A injury, and posterior surgery is selected for type B injury. When the SLIC score is ≥8, combined anterior-posterior surgery should be selected. It is of great significance for clinical formulation of precision treatment strategy.

Argon-helium cryoablation treatment of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the thyroid:A case report and literature review

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma is an extremely rare malignant thyroid tumor.Thyroid sarcoma differs from common malignant thyroid tumors,such as thyroid follicular cell carcinoma.It is usually highly malignant,progresses rapidly,and is prone to remote metastasis.Currently,there is no standard protocol for the treatment of thyroid sarcomas,and most treatment effects are unsatisfactory.Argon-helium cryoablation is an important method of local treatment that is widely used in patients with unresectable advanced tumors.However,owing to the low incidence of thyroid sarcomas,there are no relevant literature reports on the treatment of thyroid sarcomas using cryoablation in China.This study reports the case of a patient with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the thyroid gland who was treated with argon-helium cryoablation,and the immediate outcome was good.Based on a review of relevant literature,we discussed the effectiveness and safety of argon-helium cryoablation treatment,to provide clinical guidance and references for the treatment of patients with thyroid sarcoma.

Archaea Diversity of Five Hot Springs in Lushan from Henan

There are five hot springs named separately SHANGT,ZHONGT,WENT,XIAT and SHENT in Lushan County,Pingdingshan City,Henan Province.The archaeal diversity of the five hot springs was investigated and analyzed.16 S rD NA v4-5 genes of archaea were sequenced by Illumina Hisiq2500 PE250 technology.The numbers of sample sequences and OTUs were sorted by using Uparse,Mothur,SILVA,MUSCLE and Qiime software.Finally,the archaeal abundance and diversity in the five hot springs were analyzed.87993,67326,44400,48611 and 48495 effective reads have been obtained from SHANGT,ZHONGT,WENT,XIAT and SHENT respectively,and 520,280,678,451 and 437 OTUs have been acquired.The analysis of archaeal classification showed that the archaea from the five hot springs could be classified into 11 phyla,in which Thaumarchaeota accounted for 95.25%and was the dominant archaea.In the genera level,the dominant archaea of the SHANGT,ZHONGT and WENT was Candidatus-Nitrosocaldus,and unidentified-Thaumarchaeota was the dominant archaea in XIAT and SHENT.The results showed that the five hot springs in Lushan are rich in microbial resources.The research provided basic data for further research and utilization of the archaea resources in the five hot springs of Lushan.

Enhanced interfacial charge transfer on Bi metal@defective Bi_(2)Sn_(2)O_(7) quantum dots towards improved full-spectrum photocatalysis:A combined experimental and theoretical investigation

To mitigate the water pollution problem by photocatalytic degradation of typical antibiotics of tetracycline(TC),we prepared defective Bi_(2)Sn_(2)O_7(BSO)quantum dots(QDs)with a full spectral response due to Bi metal deposition,using a one-pot hydrothermal method,labeled as Bi@BSO-OV.The optimized Bi@BSOOV showed 73.4% removal of TC in 1 h under irradiation with a 50 W LED lamp in the wavelength band in the visible-near-infrared(vis-NIR)light,a rate that is substantially greater than that of pure BSO(14.7%).The synergistic interaction of Bi metal and oxygen vacancies(OVs)is crucial to boosting photocatalytic performance.The near-infrared region of the photo-response is extended by the surface plasmon resonance(SPR)effect of Bi metal,enhancing the photocatalytic performance and dramatically raising the efficiency of solar energy utilization.In addition to inducing defect levels in BSO,the OVs also activate the surface adsorbed O_(2) to promote the production of·O_(2)^(-)and ^(1)O_(2).DFT calculations reveal that Bi metal and OVs can mutually tune the charge transfer pathways.On the one hand,Bi metal can act as both a charge transfer bridge and an electron donor to assist charge separation.On the other hand,OVs-induced defect levels allow electrons that leap to the conduction band(CB)to first leap from the valence band(VB)to the defect levels,notably improving interfacial charge separation and transfer.The concept of design executed in this study for altering the catalyst by introducing both OVs and Bi metal can provide a rational design idea and potential insight for improving the photocatalytic activity for environmental applications.

Targeting ASIC1a Promotes Neural Progenitor Cell Migration and Neurogenesis in Ischemic Stroke

Cell replacement therapy using neural progenitor cells(NPCs)has been shown to be an effective treatment for ischemic stroke.However,the therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory due to the imbalanced homeostasis of the local microenvironment after ischemia.Microenvironmental acidosis is a common imbalanced homeostasis in the penumbra and could activate acid-sensing ion channels 1a(ASIC1a),a subunit of proton-gated cation channels following ischemic stroke.However,the role of ASIC1a in NPCs post-ischemia remains elusive.Here,our results indicated that ASIC1a was expressed in NPCs with channel functionality,which could be activated by extracellular acidification.Further evidence revealed that ASIC1a activation inhibited NPC migration and neurogenesis through RhoA signaling-mediated reorganization of filopodia formation,which could be primarily reversed by pharmacological or genetic disruption of ASIC1a.In vivo data showed that the knockout of the ASIC1a gene facilitated NPC migration and neurogenesis in the penumbra to improve behavioral recovery after stroke.

Exosomes from young healthy human plasma promote functional recovery from intracerebral hemorrhage via counteracting ferroptotic injury

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), as a type of life-threatening and highly disabled disease, has limited therapeutic approaches. Here, we show that exosomes derived from young healthy human plasma exhibiting typical exosomes features could facilitate functional recovery of ICH mice. When these exosomes are intraventricularly delivered into the brain after ICH, they mainly distribute around the hematoma and could be internalized by neuronal cells. Strikingly, exosomes administration markedly enhanced the behavioral recovery of ICH mice through reducing brain injury and cell ferroptosis. MiRNA sequencing revealed that microRNA-25-3p (miR-25- 3p) was differentially expressed miRNA in the exosomes from young healthy human plasma, compared with exosomes from the old control. Importantly, miR-25-3p mimicked the treatment effect of exosomes on behavioral improvement, and mediated the neuroprotective effect of exosomes against ferroptosis in ICH. Furthermore, luciferase assay and western blotting data illustrated that P53 as assumed the role of a downstream effector of miR-25-3p, thereby regulating SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway to counteract ferroptosis. Taken together, these findings firstly reveal that exosomes from young healthy human plasma improve functional recovery through counteracting ferroptotic injury by regulating P53/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis after ICH. Given the easy availability of plasma exosomes, our study provides a potent therapeutic strategy for ICH patients with quick clinical translation in the near future.

Stereotactic aspiration for hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage in a Chinese population:a retrospective cohort study

Objective We aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of stereotactic aspiration and best medical management in patients who developed supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage(HICH)with a volume of haemorrhage between 20 and 40 mL.Methods The clinical data of 220 patients with supratentorial HICH with a volume between 20 and 40 mL were retrospectively analysed.Among them,142 received stereotactic aspiration surgery(stereotactic aspiration group)and 78 received best medical management(conservative group).All were followed up for 6 months.Multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the outcome between the two groups.results The rebleeding rate was lower in the group that had stereotactic aspiration when compared with the group with medical treatment(6[4.2%]vs 9[11.5%],χ2=4.364,p=0.037).After 6 months,although the mortality rate did not differ significantly between the two groups(8 cases[5.6%]vs 10 cases[12.8%],χ2=3.461,p=0.063),the rate of a favourable outcome was higher in the group who received stereotactic aspiration(χ2=15.870,p=0.000).Logistic regression identified that medical treatment(OR=1.64,p=0.000)was an independent risk factor for an unfavourable outcome.The Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that the median favourable outcome time in the stereotactic aspiration group was 59.5 days compared with that in the medically treated group(87.0 days).The log-rank test indicated that the prognosis at 6 months was better for those treated with stereotactic haematoma aspiration(χ2=29.866,p=0.000).However,the 6-month survival rate was similar between the two groups(χ2=3.253,p=0.068).Conclusions Stereotactic haematoma aspiration significantly improved the quality of life,although did not effectively reduce the rate of mortality.When selected appropriately,patients with HICH may benefit from this type of surgical intervention.

Discovery of WS-157 as a highly potent,selective and orally active EGFR inhibitor

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI)has been used successfully in clinic for the treatment of solid tumors.In the present study,we reported the discovery of WS-157 from our inhouse diverse compound library,which was validated to be a potent and selective EGFR-TKI.WS-157 showed excellent inhibitory activities against EGFR(IC50=0.81 nmol/L),EGFR[d746-750](IC50=1.2 nmol/L)and EGFR[L858R](IC50=1.1 nmol/L),but was less effective or even inactive against other nine kinases.WS-157 also displayed excellent antiproliferative activities against a panel of human cancer cell lines,and exhibited the ability to reduce colony formation and wound healing the same as gefitinib.We found that WS-157 upon oral administration showed better anti-tumor activity in A431 bearing xenograft mouse models compared to gefitinib.In addition,WS-157 showed better intestinal absorption than gefitinib and had favorable pharmacokinetic properties and microsomal metabolic stability in different species.These studies indicate that WS-157 has strong antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo,and could be used for the development of anti-lung cancer agent targeting EGFR.

High corrosion-resistant silver nanowire/poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate)@nickel electrode for transparent electromagnetic shielding film

Silver nanowire(AgNW)has become one of the best candidates for flexible transparent electromagnetic(EMI)shielding materials,while the low corrosion resistance of AgNW hinders its application in environments with high content of corrosive substances.Herein,an AgNW/poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)@nickel electrode was prepared through ultrasonic spray coating and electroplating methods.PEDOT:PSS is sprayed to improve the conductivity of the AgNW network,and a 9.8-16.5 nm Ni layer is deposited on the AgNW/PEDOT:PSS to protect the AgNWs from corrosion.The AgNW/PEDOT:PSS@Ni electrode shows a sheet resistance of 29 U·sq^(-1),a transmittance of 78.18%,an average EMI shielding efficiency of 19.64 dB and excellent corrosion resistance in Na2S solution.The resultant AgNW/PEDOT:PSS@Ni electrode is promisingly used in high corrosion resistance transparent EMI shielding film.

Plastic materials and water sources actively select and shape wastewater plastispheres over time

The daily use of plastics presents a serious pollution issue due to their extremely slow degradation.Microplastics and the biofilm that grows on plastics(i.e.,the plastisphere)are important subsets of plastic wastes.Many studies have been conducted to reveal the structures of the plastispheres,the driving factors for the formation of the plastisphere,and the ability of the plastispheres to degrade plastics in a variety of water bodies.However,the plastispheres related to wastewater are understudied.In this study,we used a microcosmic strategy to study the evolution of the plastispheres associated with microplastics(MPs)over time in wastewater.We found that plastic materials and water sources did not actively select and shape the plastispheres at an early stage,but the active selection for a unique niche of the plastisphere occurred after 14 d of growth.In addition,we confirmed that the alkB gene was densely present,and metagenomics showed some additional chemical reactions,which suggests that MPs are consumed by the microbes in the plastispheres.Additionally,metagenomics identified some metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs)associated with high-density polyethylene(HDPE)and polyethylene terephthalate(PET).The identification of HDPE-associated MAGs and PET-associated MAGs further supports the notion that the selection for a unique niche of the plastisphere is driven by plastic materials and water sources(in this study,after 14 d of growth).Our discoveries bring new views on the behavior of the wastewater-associated plastisphere,especially how long it takes a wastewater plastisphere to form.