目的了解医院耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(Carbidenes-resistant Klebisella pneumoniae,CRKP)的环境流行特点及菌株传播情况,追踪其传播途径。方法选择医院2017年6月-2017年10月4个重症监护室及病区的CRKP感染患者为研究对象,采用一次性...目的了解医院耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(Carbidenes-resistant Klebisella pneumoniae,CRKP)的环境流行特点及菌株传播情况,追踪其传播途径。方法选择医院2017年6月-2017年10月4个重症监护室及病区的CRKP感染患者为研究对象,采用一次性棉拭子采集其周边环境物品如床单元、床旁仪器、医疗用品、医护人员衣服、手等标本送检鉴定,将其中的CRKP利用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis,PFGE)进行同源性鉴定。结果在相关监护室及病区16例感染患者的周围环境中共采集微生物标本259份,分离鉴定出CRKP 39株,检出率为15.06%;CRKP分离物品以床单元10株占25.64%为主,其次为呼吸垫巾7株占17.95%;42株菌(含3株体液标本)PFGE结果显示,同源性>80%的菌株占83.33%(35/42)。结论医院环境中CRKP有主要的流行类型,可能存在环境的传播,提示应加强对ICU等重点部门的消毒隔离工作,重视环境物品的消毒及医护人员无菌操作,切断医院感染环境传播途径,防止CRKP在医院内的播散。展开更多
目的通过调查重症监护室(ICU)一起疑似泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌(PDR-AB)感染暴发的情况,研究泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌医院感染防控的集束化策略,指导医院感染防控措施实施。方法通过分子流行病学分析与环境卫生学监测相结合的方法,对2018年2月-201...目的通过调查重症监护室(ICU)一起疑似泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌(PDR-AB)感染暴发的情况,研究泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌医院感染防控的集束化策略,指导医院感染防控措施实施。方法通过分子流行病学分析与环境卫生学监测相结合的方法,对2018年2月-2018年4月ICU住院患者鲍氏不动杆菌分离与感染情况展开调查,对疑似污染的环境与物品进行微生物学采样、鉴定和药敏试验。患者和环境中PDR-AB克隆菌株采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis,PFGE)技术进行同源性分析。结果 2018年3月ICU PDR-AB院内定植或感染患者7例,患者新发感染率10.14%;PDR-AB定植或感染患者的头部垫巾,病床床尾板、床栏,护士站台面及医务人员护理服和清洗消毒后的纤支镜中分离出PDR-AB存在;ICU患者与环境分离的27株PDR-AB耐药谱基本一致;PFGE结果显示患者、环境、纤支镜PDR-AB克隆菌株来自于同一亚型。结论 PDR-AB克隆菌株在患者、环境及纤支镜之间具有高度同源性的克隆传播,通过强化医务人员无菌观念,患者隔离,环境及医疗器械的严格清洁消毒,暴发流行情况得到有效控制。展开更多
Background Previous studies have different viewpoints about the clinical impact of methicillin resistance on mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection （BSI） patients with Staphylococcus aureus （S.aureus...Background Previous studies have different viewpoints about the clinical impact of methicillin resistance on mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection （BSI） patients with Staphylococcus aureus （S.aureus）.The objective of this study was to investigate the mortality of hospital-acquired BSI with S.aureus in a military hospital and analyze the risk factors for the hospital mortality.Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in patients admitted to the biggest military tertiary teaching hospital in China between January 2006 and May 2011.All included patients had clinically significant nosocomial BSI with S.aureus.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for hospital mortality of patients with S.aureus BSI.Results One hundred and eighteen patients of more than one year old were identified as clinically and microbiologically confirmed nosocomial bacteraemia due to S.aureus,and 75 out of 118 patients were infected with methicillin-resistant S.aureus （MRSA）.The overall mortality of nosocomial S.aureus BSI was 28.0%.Methicillin resistance in S.aureus bacteremia was associated with significant increase in the length of hospitalization and high proportion of inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment.After Logistic regression analysis,the severity of clinical manifestations （APACHE Ⅱ score） （odds ratio （OR） 1.22,95% confidence interval （CI） 1.12-1.34） and inadequacy of empirical antimicrobial therapy （OR 0.25,95% CI 0.09-0.69） remained as risk factors for hospital mortality.Conclusions Nosocomial S.aureus BSI was associated with high in-hospital mortality.Methicillin resistance in S.aureus has no significant impact on the outcome of patients with staphylococcal bacteremia.Proper empirical antimicrobial therapy is very important to the prognosis.展开更多
Background The duration of viral shedding and the transmission of 2009 H1N1 influenza among individuals, especially among the younger population with mild illness, are not well understood now. The aim of this study wa...Background The duration of viral shedding and the transmission of 2009 H1N1 influenza among individuals, especially among the younger population with mild illness, are not well understood now. The aim of this study was to determine the viral shedding of the young adult patients with mild 2009 H1N1 influenza in China.Methods From September 2009 to January 2010, the clinical data and serial nasopharyngeal swabs of 67 patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza and 37 patients with seasonal influenza aged from 18 years to 35 years were collected. The nasopharyngeal swab samples were detected by real time RT-PCR to determine the viral shedding. All the patients did not receive the antiviral therapy but Chinese medicine for detoxicating.Results Among the patients with H1N1 virus infection, 82.1% （55/67） patients presented with fever symptom, while more patients with high fever （≥39℃） were found in seasonal influenza patients （P〈0.05）. For the H1N1 patients, the median interval between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was six days （4-10 days）. But viral shedding was still found in 31.3% patients after 7 days following illness onset. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-8 days）, and 17.9% patients were found to be viral shedding 6 days later after normalization of body temperature. For the seasonal influenza patients, 94.6% patients were detected out viral RNA within 7 days. The median interval of seasonal influenza between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was four days （3-8 days）. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-6 days）.Conclusion It suggests that 7 days isolation period from the illness onset or 24 hours after the resolution of fever and respiratory symptoms are not long enough to cut off the transmission among Chinese young adults with mild illness展开更多
文摘目的了解医院耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(Carbidenes-resistant Klebisella pneumoniae,CRKP)的环境流行特点及菌株传播情况,追踪其传播途径。方法选择医院2017年6月-2017年10月4个重症监护室及病区的CRKP感染患者为研究对象,采用一次性棉拭子采集其周边环境物品如床单元、床旁仪器、医疗用品、医护人员衣服、手等标本送检鉴定,将其中的CRKP利用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis,PFGE)进行同源性鉴定。结果在相关监护室及病区16例感染患者的周围环境中共采集微生物标本259份,分离鉴定出CRKP 39株,检出率为15.06%;CRKP分离物品以床单元10株占25.64%为主,其次为呼吸垫巾7株占17.95%;42株菌(含3株体液标本)PFGE结果显示,同源性>80%的菌株占83.33%(35/42)。结论医院环境中CRKP有主要的流行类型,可能存在环境的传播,提示应加强对ICU等重点部门的消毒隔离工作,重视环境物品的消毒及医护人员无菌操作,切断医院感染环境传播途径,防止CRKP在医院内的播散。
文摘目的通过调查重症监护室(ICU)一起疑似泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌(PDR-AB)感染暴发的情况,研究泛耐药鲍氏不动杆菌医院感染防控的集束化策略,指导医院感染防控措施实施。方法通过分子流行病学分析与环境卫生学监测相结合的方法,对2018年2月-2018年4月ICU住院患者鲍氏不动杆菌分离与感染情况展开调查,对疑似污染的环境与物品进行微生物学采样、鉴定和药敏试验。患者和环境中PDR-AB克隆菌株采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis,PFGE)技术进行同源性分析。结果 2018年3月ICU PDR-AB院内定植或感染患者7例,患者新发感染率10.14%;PDR-AB定植或感染患者的头部垫巾,病床床尾板、床栏,护士站台面及医务人员护理服和清洗消毒后的纤支镜中分离出PDR-AB存在;ICU患者与环境分离的27株PDR-AB耐药谱基本一致;PFGE结果显示患者、环境、纤支镜PDR-AB克隆菌株来自于同一亚型。结论 PDR-AB克隆菌株在患者、环境及纤支镜之间具有高度同源性的克隆传播,通过强化医务人员无菌观念,患者隔离,环境及医疗器械的严格清洁消毒,暴发流行情况得到有效控制。
文摘Background Previous studies have different viewpoints about the clinical impact of methicillin resistance on mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection （BSI） patients with Staphylococcus aureus （S.aureus）.The objective of this study was to investigate the mortality of hospital-acquired BSI with S.aureus in a military hospital and analyze the risk factors for the hospital mortality.Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed in patients admitted to the biggest military tertiary teaching hospital in China between January 2006 and May 2011.All included patients had clinically significant nosocomial BSI with S.aureus.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for hospital mortality of patients with S.aureus BSI.Results One hundred and eighteen patients of more than one year old were identified as clinically and microbiologically confirmed nosocomial bacteraemia due to S.aureus,and 75 out of 118 patients were infected with methicillin-resistant S.aureus （MRSA）.The overall mortality of nosocomial S.aureus BSI was 28.0%.Methicillin resistance in S.aureus bacteremia was associated with significant increase in the length of hospitalization and high proportion of inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment.After Logistic regression analysis,the severity of clinical manifestations （APACHE Ⅱ score） （odds ratio （OR） 1.22,95% confidence interval （CI） 1.12-1.34） and inadequacy of empirical antimicrobial therapy （OR 0.25,95% CI 0.09-0.69） remained as risk factors for hospital mortality.Conclusions Nosocomial S.aureus BSI was associated with high in-hospital mortality.Methicillin resistance in S.aureus has no significant impact on the outcome of patients with staphylococcal bacteremia.Proper empirical antimicrobial therapy is very important to the prognosis.
文摘Background The duration of viral shedding and the transmission of 2009 H1N1 influenza among individuals, especially among the younger population with mild illness, are not well understood now. The aim of this study was to determine the viral shedding of the young adult patients with mild 2009 H1N1 influenza in China.Methods From September 2009 to January 2010, the clinical data and serial nasopharyngeal swabs of 67 patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza and 37 patients with seasonal influenza aged from 18 years to 35 years were collected. The nasopharyngeal swab samples were detected by real time RT-PCR to determine the viral shedding. All the patients did not receive the antiviral therapy but Chinese medicine for detoxicating.Results Among the patients with H1N1 virus infection, 82.1% （55/67） patients presented with fever symptom, while more patients with high fever （≥39℃） were found in seasonal influenza patients （P〈0.05）. For the H1N1 patients, the median interval between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was six days （4-10 days）. But viral shedding was still found in 31.3% patients after 7 days following illness onset. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-8 days）, and 17.9% patients were found to be viral shedding 6 days later after normalization of body temperature. For the seasonal influenza patients, 94.6% patients were detected out viral RNA within 7 days. The median interval of seasonal influenza between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was four days （3-8 days）. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-6 days）.Conclusion It suggests that 7 days isolation period from the illness onset or 24 hours after the resolution of fever and respiratory symptoms are not long enough to cut off the transmission among Chinese young adults with mild illness
