A new composite material was fabricated by intercalating tin nanoparticles into graphite. The tin graphite intercalation compound（Sn-GIC） was prepared by the interactions of tin tetrachloride with KC8 （K-GIC） in t...A new composite material was fabricated by intercalating tin nanoparticles into graphite. The tin graphite intercalation compound（Sn-GIC） was prepared by the interactions of tin tetrachloride with KC8 （K-GIC） in tetrahydrofuran （THF）. As the anode of lithium ion batteries, Sn-GIC presents a steady reversible capacity（363 mA·h/g） and a good cycling performance in comparison with Sn and SnO2, it suggests that the association of tin with graphite not only improves the reversible capacities, but also prevents the volume changes resulted from lithium insertion and extraction with tin during a charge-discharge process.展开更多
As pesticide residues in bayberry has raised serious concern from the public in China, a monitoring survey was carried out during 2013–2014 and 157 samples were analyzed in total. Twenty-three pesticides were detecte...As pesticide residues in bayberry has raised serious concern from the public in China, a monitoring survey was carried out during 2013–2014 and 157 samples were analyzed in total. Twenty-three pesticides were detected among the 44 pesticides analyzed and at least one pesticide was detected in 63% of 99 samples. Whereas 45.6% of samples were found with two or more pesticide residues, and 23.6% of samples with four or more pesticide residues. Probabilistic risk assessments indicated that estimated daily intake（EDI） of cyhalothrin at the P97.5th percentile level is 1.11 times larger than the acceptable daily intake（ADI） for children, the estimated short-term intake（ESTI） at the P97.5th percentile level is 1.9 and 1.78 times larger than the acute reference dose（ARf D） for adult and children, respectively, indicating the potential risk concern from pyrethroids. EDI of the pesticides with anti-androgenic effects ranged from 0.15–2.46 of ADI, the probability of exposure exceeding the ADI was 7.1 and 31.1% for adults and children, respectively, the probability of exposure of pyrethroids exceeding the ADI was 3.8% for children. Exposures for other pesticides and groups were below 1.0. Because the co-occurrence of frequency of cyhalothrin and cypermethrin was 9.55%, the combinations of pesticides detected with anti-androgenic effects has not been found in the present monitoring, the results indicate that the pesticide residues in bayberry will not constitute serious public health risk, however, they are significant for the management of pesticide use on bayberry and dietary health risk in China.展开更多
基金Supported by the Fund of the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, China(No. 2005415).
文摘A new composite material was fabricated by intercalating tin nanoparticles into graphite. The tin graphite intercalation compound（Sn-GIC） was prepared by the interactions of tin tetrachloride with KC8 （K-GIC） in tetrahydrofuran （THF）. As the anode of lithium ion batteries, Sn-GIC presents a steady reversible capacity（363 mA·h/g） and a good cycling performance in comparison with Sn and SnO2, it suggests that the association of tin with graphite not only improves the reversible capacities, but also prevents the volume changes resulted from lithium insertion and extraction with tin during a charge-discharge process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31301490)the Zhejiang Provincial Major Scientific and Technology Project for Agriculture,China(2015C02043)the Zhejiang Provincial Major Scientific and Research Project for Agriculture,China(ZJNY2017001)
文摘As pesticide residues in bayberry has raised serious concern from the public in China, a monitoring survey was carried out during 2013–2014 and 157 samples were analyzed in total. Twenty-three pesticides were detected among the 44 pesticides analyzed and at least one pesticide was detected in 63% of 99 samples. Whereas 45.6% of samples were found with two or more pesticide residues, and 23.6% of samples with four or more pesticide residues. Probabilistic risk assessments indicated that estimated daily intake（EDI） of cyhalothrin at the P97.5th percentile level is 1.11 times larger than the acceptable daily intake（ADI） for children, the estimated short-term intake（ESTI） at the P97.5th percentile level is 1.9 and 1.78 times larger than the acute reference dose（ARf D） for adult and children, respectively, indicating the potential risk concern from pyrethroids. EDI of the pesticides with anti-androgenic effects ranged from 0.15–2.46 of ADI, the probability of exposure exceeding the ADI was 7.1 and 31.1% for adults and children, respectively, the probability of exposure of pyrethroids exceeding the ADI was 3.8% for children. Exposures for other pesticides and groups were below 1.0. Because the co-occurrence of frequency of cyhalothrin and cypermethrin was 9.55%, the combinations of pesticides detected with anti-androgenic effects has not been found in the present monitoring, the results indicate that the pesticide residues in bayberry will not constitute serious public health risk, however, they are significant for the management of pesticide use on bayberry and dietary health risk in China.
